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Daily activity rhythms, chronotypes, and risk-taking behavior in the signal crayfish

Current Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 177-183页

作者： Valerio SBRAGAGLIA Thomas BREITHAUPT Department of Marine Renewable Resources Marine Science Institute(ICM-CSIC)Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta3708003 BarcelonaSpain department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes Leibniz-lnstitute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland FisheriesMüggelseedamm 31012587 BerlinGermany department of Biological and marine Sciences University of HullCottingham RoadHull HU67RXUK

Consistent inter-individual differences in daily activity rhythms(i.e.,chronotypes)can have ecological consequences in determining access to food resources and avoidance of predators.The most common measure to characterize chronotypes in animals as well as humans is the onset of activity(i.e.,early or late chronotypes).However,daily activity rhythms may also differ in the relative amount of activity displayed at particular time periods.Moreover,chronotypes may also be linked to other consistent inter-individual differences in behavior(i.e.,personality),such as the propensity to take risks.Here,we used the signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculusto test the presence of chronotypes and risk-taking personality traits and a potential behavioral syndrome between these traits.We first exposed crayfish to 5 days of light-darkness to measure daily activity rhythms and then we applied a visual predator-simulating stimulus in 2 different contexts(neutral and food).Our results showed consistent(i.e.,across 5 days)inter-individual differences in the relative nocturnal activity displayed in the early and middle,but not in the late part of darkness hours.Moreover,while crayfish displayed inter-individual differences in risk-taking behavior,these were not found to be consistent across 2 contexts.Therefore,we were not able to formally test a behavioral syndrome between these 2 traits.In conclusion,our study provides the first evidence of chronotypes in the relative amount of activity displayed at particular time periods.This could be a valuable information for applied ecological aspects related to the signal crayfish,which is a major invasive species of freshwater ecosystems.

关键词： behavioral syndrome biological rhythms boldness feeding locomotor activity

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基于CRITIC-EDAS的方法在离岸风机系统结构健康监测和维护中的应用

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哈尔滨工程大学学报（英文版） 2023年第3期22卷 545-555页

作者： J.A.Agbakwuru T.C.Nwaoha N.E.Udosoh department of marine Engineering Federal University of Petroleum ResourcesEffurun330102Delta StateNigeria

Performing structural health monitoring(SHM)and maintaining an offshore wind turbine system(OWTS)involve periodic observations,analysis,and repairs of the malfunctioning part(s)of the system.In this study,criteria importance through inter criteria correlation-evaluation based on distance from average solution methodology is employed to analyze SHM and maintenance technologies for OWTS.Their various applications are highlighted,and the technologies are prioritized using six indicators,namely,compatibility,potential cost reduction,needed investment,technology maturity,ease of application and potential reliability,and availability and maintainability of the considered technology.The study also aimed to improve the reliability of OWTS and minimize its maintenance cost.The results indicate that the technology’s ease of application,with a weight of 0.2018,is the most important criterion.Furthermore,mathematical models as an SHM,along with maintenance technology,is ranked as the best alternative with an appraisal score of 0.7706 and is considered more advantageous than other alternatives.This study provides a new research direction toward improving OWTS reliability.The findings will also aid the decision making of practitioners and researchers in the field of marine and offshore industry in relation to the optimal operations of OWTS.

关键词： Offshore wind turbine systems Maintenance CRITIC-EDAS Reliability Criteria

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Soil microbial response to waste potassium silicate drilling fluid

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第3期27卷 189-198页

作者： Linjun Yao M.Anne Naeth Allen Jobson department of renewable resources University of Alberta School of Land Science and Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing)

Potassium silicate drilling fluids （PSDF） are a waste product of the oil and gas industry with potential for use in land reclamation. Few studies have examined the influence of PSDF on abundance and composition of soil bacteria and fungi. Soils from three representative locations for PSDF application in Alberta, Canada, with clay loam, loam and sand textures were studied with applications of unused, used once and used twice PSDF. For all three soils, applying ≥40 m^3/ha of used PSDF significantly affected the existing soil microbial flora. No microbiota was detected in unused PSDF without soil. Adding used PSDF to soil significantly increased total fungal and aerobic bacterial colony forming units in dilution plate counts, and anaerobic denitrifying bacteria numbers in serial growth experiments. Used PSDF altered bacterial and fungal colony forming unit ratios of all three soils.

关键词： Drilling waste Potassium silicate drilling fluid Soil Microbiota

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Spatial-temporal coupling between high-quality source rocks and reservoirs for tight sandstone oil and gas accumulations in the Songliao Basin, China

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第3期29卷 387-397页

作者： Laixing Cai Guolin Xiao Shuangfang Lu Jiao Wang Zhiqiang Wu Qingdao Institute of marine Geology Qingdao 266071China Laboratory for marine Mineral resources Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Research Institute of Unconventional Petroleum and renewable Energy China University of Petroleum (East China)Qingdao 266580China

The spatial-temporal relationship between high-quality source rocks and reservoirs is a key factor when evaluating the formation,occurrence,and prospectivity of tight oil and gas reservoirs.In this study,we analyze the fundamental oil and gas accumulation processes occurring in the Songliao Basin,contrasting tight oil sand reservoirs in the south with tight gas sand reservoirs in the north.This is done using geochemical data,constant-rate and conventional mercury injection experiments,and fluid inclusion analyses.Our results demonstrate that as far as fluid mobility is concerned,the expulsion center coincides with the overpressure zone,and its boundary limits the occurrence of tight oil and gas accumulations.In addition,the lower permeability limit of high-quality reservoirs,controlled by pore-throat structures,is 0.1×10^-3μm^2 in the fourth member of the Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation(K1q^4)in the southern Songliao Basin,and 0.05×10^-3μm^2 in the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation(K1sh)in the northern Songliao Basin.Furthermore,the results indicate that the formation of tight oil and gas reservoirs requires the densification of reservoirs prior to the main phase of hydrocarbon expulsion from the source rocks.Reservoir“sweet spots”develop at the intersection of high-quality source rocks(with high pore pressure)and reservoirs(with high permeability).

关键词： Spatial-temporal coupling High-quality source rock High-quality sandstone Tight sandstone reservoir Songliao Basin

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Hidden diversity revealed in the freshwater snails,Bythinella and Pseudamnicola,in the Island of Crete

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第5期17卷 804-824页

作者： Paraskevi Niki LAMPRI Christina BOURANTA Canella RADEA Aristeidis PARMAKELIS Section of Ecology and Taxonomy Department of BiologyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece Institute of marine Biological resources and Inland Waters Hellenic Centre for Marine ResearchAnavyssos AtticaGreece

Crete with its complex geomorphological history is the island with the highest number of endemism observed in animal and plant taxa throughout the Aegean archipelago.While other groups of organisms within Crete are well-studied,the freshwater gastropod fauna still remains poorly investigated.Bythinella and Pseudamnicola,are 2 genera of freshwater springsnails,both present on the island,inhabiting springs and other freshwater habitats.Here,we conduct a comprehensive study on the distribution of the different genetic lineages of the 2 gastropod genera in order to assess the mode of their differentiation on the island and infer the actual number of species present in the island.Towards these aims,sequence data from the mitochondrial gene were used and analyzed within a phylogenetic framework.For Bythinella,our results strongly support at least 5 delineated Bythinella spp.inhabiting Crete,which correspond to the already described species from previous studies with the addition of a new one.Bythinella analyses reveal an old time-frame of differentiation with vicariant phenomena being more likely the main drivers shaping the present-day distribution of the genus’genetic lineages.For Pseudamnicola,our data indicate the presence of at least 2 delineated Pseudamnicola spp.with a differentiation more consistent to an isolation-by-distance pattern of a relatively recent origin.Dispersion processes followed by isolation of the populations and/or recent speciation,seem to be the underlying process for the current distribution of Pseudamnicola lineages.

关键词： Aegean biodiversity freshwater snails mtDNA species delimitation

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Assessment and prioritization of soil erosion triggering factors using analytical hierarchy process and Taguchi method

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第3期38卷 396-404页

作者： Mehdi Hayatzadeh Vahid Moosavi Ramyar Aliramaee department of Nature Engineering Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Ardakan University department of Watershed Management Engineering Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences Tarbiat Modares University Khamsan Representative and Paired Watershed

The main aims of this study are assessing some factors which affect the soil erosion process and evaluating the results of an analytical hierarchy process(AHP) method using the Taguchi method. Firstly, the weights for those factors and levels affecting soil erosion were determined by the AHP method. The determination of weights was based on the opinions of academic researchers, experts, middle managers,and members of the Soil and Water Research Centers in Iran. Secondly, an L32 Taguchi orthogonal array was selected based on the number of factors and levels for the current problem. Accordingly, 32 rainfall events were simulated and sediment yield amounts were measured. Analyzing the results of the Taguchi method, the weights of factors and levels were determined. The results showed that the weights obtained from the AHP method were not in accordance with the results of field measurements and the Taguchi analysis. The AHP method indicated that the main factors have the following order of importance: geological formation, rainfall intensity, silt content of soil as an indicator for the soil texture,vegetation cover, slope steepness, and slope aspect in the study area. However, the Taguchi method found the following order for the main factors: rainfall intensity, geological formation, silt content of soil as an indicator for the soil texture, slope steepness, vegetation cover, and slope aspect. As the Taguchi method works based on the quantitative measurements, the Taguchi results are more reliable rather than subjective methods such as AHP. It was also concluded that the AHP method should be used cautiously in assessing natural phenomena. Therefore, in the cases that in situ measurements are possible, it is better to use quantitative mathematical and statistical methods than to rely to qualitative knowledge based approaches.

关键词： Soil erosion Taguchi method Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method Optimization

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Long-term monitoring of cycles in Clethrionomys rutilus in the Yukon boreal forest

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 27-36页

作者： Charles J.KREBS Alice J.KENNEY B.Scott GILBERT Rudy BOONSTRA department of Zoology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada renewable resources Management Program Yukon UniversityWhitehorseYukonCanada department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoOntarioCanada

Baseline studies of small rodent populations in undisturbed ecosystems are rare.We report here 50 years of mon-itoring and experimentation in Yukon of a dominant rodent species in the North American boreal forest,the red-backed vole Clethrionomys rutilus.These voles breed in summer,weigh 20–25 g,and reach a maximum density of 20 to 25 per ha.Their populations have shown consistent 3–4-year cycles for the last 50 years with the only change being that peak densities averaged 8/ha until 2000 and 18/ha since that year.During the last 25 years,we have measured food resources,predator numbers,and winter weather,and for 1-year social interactions,to estimate their contribution to changes in the rate of summer increase and the rate of overwinter decline.All these potential limiting factors could contribute to changes in density,and we measured their relative contributions statistically with multiple regressions.The rate of winter decline in density was related to both food supply and winter severity.The rate of summer increase was related to summer berry crops and white spruce cone production.No measure of predator numbers was related to winter or summer changes in vole abundance.There was a large signal of climate change effects in these populations.There is no density dependence in summer population growth and only a weak one in winter population declines.None of our results provide a clear understanding of what generates 3–4-year cycles in these voles,and the major missing piece may be an understanding of social interactions at high density.

关键词： boreal forest climate change density dependence population cycles predation winter severity

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Modelling height-diameter relationships in complex tropical rain forest ecosystems using deep learning algorithm

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第3期33卷 883-898页

作者： Friday Nwabueze Ogana Ilker Ercanli department of Social and Environmental Forestry Faculty of Renewable Natural ResourcesUniversity of IbadanIbadanOyo200284Nigeria department of Forest Engineering Faculty of ForestryÇankiri Karatekin UniversityÇankiri18200Turkey

Modelling tree height-diameter relationships in complex tropical rain forest ecosystems remains a challenge because of characteristics of multi-species, multi-layers, and indeterminate age composition. Effective modelling of such complex systems required innovative techniques to improve prediction of tree heights for use for aboveground biomass estimations. Therefore, in this study, deep learning algorithm (DLA) models based on artificial intelligence were trained for predicting tree heights in a tropical rain forest of Nigeria. The data consisted of 1736 individual trees representing 116 species, and measured from 52 0.25 ha sample plots. A K-means clustering was used to classify the species into three groups based on height-diameter ratios. The DLA models were trained for each species-group in which diameter at beast height, quadratic mean diameter and number of trees per ha were used as input variables. Predictions by the DLA models were compared with those developed by nonlinear least squares (NLS) and nonlinear mixed-effects (NLME) using different evaluation statistics and equivalence test. In addition, the predicted heights by the models were used to estimate aboveground biomass. The results showed that the DLA models with 100 neurons in 6 hidden layers, 100 neurons in 9 hidden layers and 100 neurons in 7 hidden layers for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, outperformed the NLS and NLME models. The root mean square error for the DLA models ranged from 1.939 to 3.887 m. The results also showed that using height predicted by the DLA models for aboveground biomass estimation brought about more than 30% reduction in error relative to NLS and NLME. Consequently, minimal errors were created in aboveground biomass estimation compared to those of the classical methods.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Height-diameter model Mixed-effects Nonlinear least squares Tropical mixed forest

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Gravity modelling of crustal architecture and heterogeneity in the Nansha Block,South China Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第2期41卷 630-643页

作者： Jialing ZHANG Zhaocai WU Chun-Feng LI Hailong LI Key Laboratory of Submarine Geoscience Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China department of marine Science Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Sanya Institute Zhejiang UniversitySanya 572025China Laboratory of marine Mineral resources Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao Institute of Marine GeologyQingdao 266071China

The stretched structure and heterogeneity of the crust of the Nansha Block,the southern continental margin of the South China Sea(SCS),are not well understood.We used published ocean bottom seismic(OBS)/multichannel reflection seismic(MCS)profiles across the Nansha Block to establish five two-dimensional crustal structure models.Using gravity modelling with magnetic anomaly inversion,we obtained the distribution of density and local magnetic susceptibility of the crust.The models show that the distribution of density and thickness of the upper crust in the Nansha Block is uneven,and the thick upper crust is prevalent in the regions close to the continent-ocean transition(COT)showing different characteristics.The interpreted Mesozoic granite blocks and Precambrian rigid basement reflects the heterogeneity in the material composition of the SCS continental margin.Based on the thinning styles of different crustal layers,we suggest that the Nansha Block has a three-layer thinning pattern.The uppermost pre-rift layer was deformed via brittle fractures,the upper crust was sheared by discrete shear zones,and the lower crust experienced ductile deformation.The inherited pre-rift thermal regime,mechanical state,and material composition of the SCS continental margin affected the extensional structure of the crust.

关键词： Nansha Block crustal architecture gravity inversion crustal boudinage

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Mg/Ca,Ba/Ca,and S/Ca ratios as environmental and growth proxies for bivalve shells from the Haima cold seep,South China Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第2期41卷 660-672页

作者： Jingya CAO Shengxiong YANG Danling TANG Junxi FENG Jinqiang LIANG Southern marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China department of Ocean Science Hong Kong University of Science&TechnologyHong Kong 999077China MLR Key Laboratory of marine Mineral resources Guangzhou Marine Geological SurveyChina Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 511458China

Bivalve shell fossils,cemented by authigenic carbonates,are widely spread in the Haima cold seep,Qiongdongnan Basin of the South China Sea(SCS).In this study,we examined an element profile of Gigantidas platifrons in the Haima cold seeps at a water depth of 1381 m.Based on the scanning electron microscope(SEM)analyses,the prismatic layer and nacreous layer were identified,which are characterized by prismatic structure and stratified structure,respectively.In addition,the profile can be subdivided into two parts:altered and unaltered zones.Laser inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS)mapping shows that the element concentrations of the altered zones were influenced by the authigenic carbonate rocks,whereas the element concentrations of unaltered zones remain stable.In-situ X-ray diffraction(XRD)analyses show that the mineral constituent of the prismatic layer is mainly composed of aragonite.Along with the growth profile,Mg/Ca ratios of unaltered zones have minor variations,ranging 0.72-0.97 mmol/mol(mean=0.87 mmol/mol),with estimated temperatures of 3.8-4.1℃,indicating that the temperature of the surrounding seawater remains constant and agree with the measured data of 3.9℃which was conducted by a conductivity-temperature-depth system(CTD).The minor variations of Ba/Ca ratios(0.01-0.06 mmol/mol;mean=0.04 mmol/mol)indicate a relatively stabilized salinity of the surrounding seawater.S/Ca ratios show large variations of 0.04-4.15 mmol/mol(mean=1.37 mmol/mol).S/Ca ratios have regular variations which generally correspond to the variations of the Mg/Ca ratios,highlighting that the S/Ca ratios of bivalve shells show the potential to reflect the growth rate of the Gigantides.However,further studies should be carried out on the understanding of the links between the S/Ca ratios and seepage intensity of cold-seep fluids.

关键词： Mg/Ca,Ba/Ca,and S/Ca ratios laser inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICPMS) Gigantidas platifrons Haima cold seep South China Sea

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