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Characterizing extreme drought and wetness in Guangdong,China using global navigation satellite system and precipitation data

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Satellite Navigation 2024年第1期5卷 258-274页

作者： Hai Zhu Kejie Chen Haishan Chai Yuanbin Ye Wenjian Liu department of Earth and Space Sciences Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China lands and Resource department of Guangdong Province Surveying and Mapping InstituteGuangzhou510500China

As global temperature rises,the frequency of extreme climate events,e.g.,severe droughts and floods,has increased significantly and caused severe damage over the past *** this regard,precipitation efficiency,a crucial meteorological parameter,could provide valuable insights for a better understanding of the patterns and characteristics of these extreme *** this study,taking Guangdong province as an exemplary region,we first obtained long-term and high-resolution historical records of precipitation efficiency by integrating the observations from a dense network of Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)stations with precipitation data,and then characterized the extreme drought and wetness through climate *** found a distinct seasonal trend in precipitation efficiency in Guangdong,with annual fluctuations ranging from 10 to 25%.Notably,precipitation efficiency is higher in proximity to the Pearl River Delta Plain and gradually decreases towards the east and *** occurrence of anomalous peaks and valleys in precipitation efficiency generally corresponds to dry and wet conditions,respectively.A total of 9 extreme wet events and 6 dry events occurred from January 2007 to May 2022,with durations from 3 to 6 *** results also demonstrated that both wet and dry frequencies exhibit an increasing trend with the expansion of the time scale,and the frequency of extreme events near the Pearl River Delta Plain surpasses that of other ***,the propagation time from meteorological anomalies to agricultural and hydrological anomalies is about 3 *** periodic characteristics of meteorological anomalies are identified as the primary driver for other anomalous periodic *** work unveils the long-term dynamic behavior of precipitation efficiency,as well as the characteristics of extreme drought and wetness events in the regions characterized by intricate land–atmosphere interactions.

关键词： GNSS Precipitation efficiency Extreme drought and wetness

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A system-integrated approach for the design of tourist areas at the local level under changing conditions:A case study in the Altay Mountains

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 89-102页

作者： Alexandr Nikolaevich DUNETS Evgeniya Mikhailovna TABAKAEVA HAN Fang department of Scientific and Innovative Development Altai State UniversityBarnaul656049Russia department of Recreational Geography ServiceTourism and HospitalityInstitute of GeographyAltai State UniversityBarnaul656049Russia State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China

The existing approaches for the design of tourist areas often lead to limited flexibility in project *** realize a more flexible approach,in this study,we formulated a model for planning and designing tourist areas at the local ***,specific tools for analyzing tourist areas and ensuring sustainable development under changing conditions were *** study was conducted in two tourist regions,Biryuzovaya Katun tourist complex and Belokurikha destination(including Belokurikha City with Belokurikha 2 Gornaya tourist complex and surrounding areas),in the Altay *** employed the recreation opportunity spectrum and proposed a system-integrated programming approach for the design of tourist areas at the destination and site *** key of this approach was the collection and analysis of current spatial data,including the spatial distribution of attractions and visitor *** constructed heat maps using video recording and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)observation ***,we analyzed the video stream using an image-analyzing framework You Only Look Once(YOLO)v5 *** heat map of visitor flows based on video recording data in the Andreevskaya Sloboda museum of Belokurikha 2 Gornaya tourist complex allowed us to highlight the most attractive sites in this area and classify them into one of three types:points of functional concentration,points of transitional concentration,and points of *** heat maps in Biryuzovaya Katun tourist complex,created using UAV observation data,allowed us to determine the spatiotemporal patterns of visitor flows and tourists’preferences throughout the day within four time intervals:09:00-12:00,13:00-14:00,14:00-15:00,and 16:00-18:00(LST).The maximum visitor flow density occurred from 16:00 to 18:00 in the beach area of the artificial lake.A comparison between the visitor-concentrated sites and the current facilities provided insights into the demand for attractions and facilities and

关键词： Tourism planning Tourist areas Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) Visitor flows Heat map Altay Mountains

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Predictors of survival in autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第9期16卷 1269-1277页

作者： Dujinthan Jayabalan Yi Huang Luis Calzadilla-Bertot Malik Janjua Bastiaan de Boer John Joseph Wendy Cheng Simon Hazeldine Briohny W Smith Gerry C MacQuillan Michael C Wallace George Garas Leon A Adams Gary P Jeffrey Medical School University of Western AustraliaNed-lands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia department of Hepatology Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalNedlands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia department of Anatomical Pathology PathWest Laboratory MedicineNedlands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Royal Perth HospitalPerth 6000Western AustraliaAustralia department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fiona Stanley HospitalMurdoch 6150Western AustraliaAustralia Medical School University of Western AustraliaNedl-ands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia

BACKGROUND Survival in patients with autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes(AILDOS)compared to those with single autoimmune liver disease is *** To investigate the survival of patients with AILDOS and assess the accuracy of non-invasive serum models for predicting liver-related *** Patients with AILDOS were defined as either autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cholangitis overlap(AIH-PBC)or autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis overlap(AIH-PSC)and were identified from three tertiary centres for this cohort ***-related death or transplantation(liver-related mortality)was determined using a population-based data linkage *** scores for liver-related death were compared for accuracy[including liver outcome score(LOS),Hepascore,Mayo Score,model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)score and MELD incorporated with serum sodium(MELD-Na)score].RESULTS Twenty-two AILDOS patients were followed for a median of 3.1 years(range,0.35-7.7).Fourteen were female,the median age was 46.7 years(range,17.8 to 82.1)and median Hepascore was 1(range,0.07-1).At five years post enrolment,57%of patients remained free from liver-related mortality(74%AIH-PBC,27%AIH-PSC).There was no significant difference in survival between AIH-PBC and *** was a significant predictor of liver-related mortality(P<0.05)in patients with AIH-PBC(n=14)but not AIH-PSC(n=8).A LOS cut-point of 6 discriminated liver-related mortality in AIH-PBC patients(P=0.012,log-rank test,100%sensitivity,77.8%specificity)(Harrell's C-statistic 0.867).The MELD score,MELD-Na score and Mayo Score were not predictive of liver-related mortality in any *** Survival in the rare,AILDOS is *** current study supports the LOS as a predictor of liver-related mortality in AIH-PBC *** trials investigating predictors of survival in AILDOS are required.

关键词： Autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes Liver outcome score Liver-related death Hepascore Autoimmune hepatitis Primary biliary cholangitis Primary sclerosing cholangitis

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Herbaceous species diversity in relation to fire severity in Zagros oak forests,Iran

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第1期25卷 113-120页

作者： Morteza Pourreza Seyed Mohsen Hosseini Ali Akbar Safari Sinegani Mohammad Matinizadeh Seyed Jalil Alavai department of forestry Tarbiat Modares University Soil department Bu-Ali Sina University Research Institute of forest and range lands

Zagros forests are mainly covered byQuercus brantii L. coppices and oak sprout clumps occupy the forest area like patches. We investigated post-fire herbaceous diversity in the first growing season after fire. For this purpose neighboring burned and unburned areas were selected with the same plant species and ecological conditions. The data were collected from areas subjected to different fire severities. Overall 6 treatments were considered with respect to fire severity and the mi-crosites of inside and outside of oak sprout clumps including： unburned inside and outside of sprout clumps （Ni and No）, inside of sprout clumps that burned with high fire severity （H）, inside of sprout clumps that burned with moderate fire severity （M）, outside of sprout clumps that burned with low fire severity （OH and OM）. Different herbaceous com-position was observed in the unburned inside and outside of oak sprout clumps. The species diversity and richness were increased in treatments burned with low and moderate fire severity. However, in treatment burned with high fire severity （H）, herbaceous cover was reduced, even-ness was increased, and richness and diversity were not significantly changed. We concluded that besides the microsites conditions in forest, fire severity is an inseparable part of the ecological effect of fire on her-baceous composition.

关键词： biodiversity fire severity Oak sprout clump Zagros forests,microsite

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Tracing suspended and bed sediments during high and low water periods using geochemical characteristics-Case study:Vazrood watershed,northern Iran

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 470-483页

作者： KARIMI Nabiyeh GHOLAMI Leila KAVIAN Ataollah KHALEDI DARVISHAN Abdulvahed department of Watershed Management Faculty of Natural ResourcesSari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources UniversitySari ***Iran department of Watershed Management Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityNoor ***Iran

Complete and comprehensive information about sediment dynamic and identification of hotspots of sediment production and transport are necessary for understanding the erosion processes and increasing the efficiency of soil and water conservation *** studies used the sediment fingerprint techniques to investigate the contribution of different sources in suspended and bed sediment yield of the ***,the contribution of various land use/land covers in suspended and bed sediment yield for the great Caspian Sea basin is in an aura of ambiguity and the present study was conducted to gather information about an important part of this area in northern Iran,where rangelands are located upstream of Hyrcanian forests and dense agricultural lands are located *** surface soil of different land use/land covers including forest,rangeland,agriculture and streambank lands were sampled in 30 *** and bed sediments were sampled in the watershed outlet in two high and low water *** characteristics of soil and sediment samples containing 59 elements were measured using ICP-OES GBC *** reliable and suitable tracers from 59 elements were then selected using Range test,Kruskal-Wallis and Discriminant Function Analysis,respectively,in FingerPro package of R *** results showed that for suspended sediment,streambank and rangeland had the highest contributions of 86.2%and 47.5%,respectively,in two high and low water *** bed sediment,in two high and low water periods,rangeland and streambank had the highest contributions of 73.8%and 84.4%,*** use change and especially human activities such as agriculture,road construction and development of residential areas along the main river riparian zone has led to a significant increase in suspended and bed sediments.

关键词： Caspian Sea basin FingerPro Geochemistry Sediment transport Tracer combination

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Physico-chemical properties and macrofauna of soils under various farming systems of cold arid region in Balochistan,Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2618-2630页

作者： KHAN Mehmood GUL Shamim KAKAR Hidayatullah PANEZAI Sanaullah KHAN Nayab ZIAD Tariq NASEEM Mahrukh SHAHEEN Umbreen department of Botany University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University21111 Lakeshore Road Ste.Anne de BellevueQuébec H9X 3V9Canada Directorate of Agriculture Research Soil and Water TestingAgricultural Research InstituteQuetta 87300Pakistan department of Geography and Regional Planning University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan department of Zoology University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan

Barshore is a small village in the Pishin District,Balochistan,Pakistan,with dry summers and cold rainy *** is an agrarian region,mostly with orchards of various fruit *** study investigated the physico-chemical properties and macrofauna of soils under various agricultural management practices of this *** concentrations of soil organic matter(SOM),soil organic carbon(SOC),nutrients,pH,electrical conductivity,soil texture,and the abundance and number of species of soil macrofauna of the agricultural fields were *** agricultural fields were *** fields were orchards of apple,apricot or the mixture of apple and apricot trees and one field was a cropland,cultivated with wheat as a *** orchards were under conservation agricultural practices;whereas,the cropland was under conventional *** agricultural lands were 2-26 years *** concentration of soil organic matter(SOM)in the upper 0-10 cm depth of these field sites ranged from 11.6 g kg^(-1)to 32.8 g kg^(-1)*** compared to cropland,orchards had significantly higher concentration of SOM and SOC.A total of 18 soil macrofauna species were found and the most common and abundant were ants(Monomorium minimum,Camponotus pennsylvanicus,Solenopsis invicta,and Lasius niger)followed by Arion ssp.(Brown Slug)and earthworm Lumbricus *** analysis revealed non-significant relationship of the age and the concentration of SOM with the number of macrofauna species and with the concentrations of total mineral nitrogen,bioavailable phosphorus and *** existence of ants had no relationship with the concentration of SOM;whereas,existence of Lumbricus terrestris tended to had a positive relationship with the concentration of *** field of tree-based intercropping system was 2 years of age since the land was converted from rangeland to a cropland,had two ant species *** indicates the positive influence of crop diversification on soil

关键词： Soil organic matter Macrofauna Land use history Tree-based intercropping Conservation agriculture

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Core-shell particles of C-doped CdS and graphene: A noble metal-free approach for efficient photocatalytic H_(2) generation

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Green Energy & Environment 2020年第4期5卷 461-472页

作者： Muhammad Zubair Estelle Marie M.Vanhaecke Ingeborg-Helene Svenum Magnus RФnning Jia Yang department of Chemical Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Sem Sælands vei 4TrondheimNO7491Norway SINTEF Industry P.O.Box 4760 TorgardenTrondheimNO7465Norway

To achieve efficient photocatalytic H_(2) generation from water using earth-abundant and cost-effective materials,a simple synthesis method for carbon-doped CdS particles wrapped with graphene(C-doped CdS@G)is *** doping effect and the application of graphene as cocatalyst for CdS is studied for photocatalytic H_(2) *** most active sample consists of CdS and graphene(CdS-0.15G)exhibits promising photocatalytic activity,producing 3.12 mmol g^-(1) h^-(1) of H_(2) under simulated solar light which is^4.6 times superior than pure CdS nanoparticles giving an apparent quantum efficiency(AQY)of 11.7%.The enhanced photocatalytic activity for H_(2) generation is associated to the narrowing of the bandgap,enhanced light absorption,fast interfacial charge transfer,and higher carrier density(N_(D))in C-doped CdS@G *** is achieved by C doping in CdS nanoparticles and the formation of a graphene shell over the C-doped CdS *** stability test,the spent catalysts sample was also characterized to investigate the nanostructure.

关键词： C-doped CdS@G Core-shell nanostructure Photocatalytic H2 generation Graphene Carbon doping in CdS Bandgap narrowing

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Spatial dynamics and Palestinian resilience:The lifestyle of Al-Kurshan Bedouins in Bethlehem District

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第3期13卷 439-458页

作者： Maha Samman Sarah Mitwassi Abdel Rahman Kaloti department of Architecture Faculty of EngineeringAl-Quds UniversityJerusalemPalestine

This study explores the role of Bedouins in preserving Palestinian land through their own means of community resilience through the concept of“Art of being”and its entailed“Arts of presence and persistence”.This is examined through the correlation between Bedouin lifestyle and the spatial distribution of structures within“Al-Kurshan”Bedouin clan in Area C in the West *** on a mixed qualitative and spatial methodologies,information was gathered through semi-structured interviews with Al-Kurshan Bedouins and employees of organizations supporting Bedouins,on-site observation,and analyses of maps and photos,in addition to drawings and *** spatial distribution of Bedouin built structures is analyzed in relation to landscape and climate,social aspects within the families,and available service and sectorial *** analyses give insight on how Bedouins struggle against adopting other *** study shows that the Bedouins are slowly forced to negotiate their semi-nomadic lifestyle,but resist giving up their right to exist against the threat of forced *** maintain their“Art of being”which partly represents their own way of safeguarding Palestinian lands from *** study contributes to the wider discussion of spatial dynamics of Bedouins and their community resilience within the Palestinian geopolitical context.

关键词： Bedouin everyday life Spatial distribution Community resilience Art of being Palestine Area C

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Weak influence of natural vegetation in urban green spaces compared to agricultural ecosystems on House Martin populations:Insights from nationwide citizen science data in the Czech Republic

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 139-146页

作者： Denisa Dvorakova Jan Sipos Josef Suchomel department of Zoology FisheriesHydrobiology and ApicultureMendel University in BrnoZemedelska 161300BrnoCzech Republic

The House Martin(Delichon urbicum)is a common farmland bird species in the European landscape,yet its population numbers are currently in ***,it is not yet sufficiently explained why this long-term decline *** fill this gap in our knowledge,we investigated how land cover composition affects the abundance of House Martins on the landscape scale by using nationwide citizen science *** a generalised linear mixed-effect model(GLMM),we evaluated 12,094 records from the Czech Republic spanning *** analysis underscores the significance of land cover type in shaping House Martin *** specifically,our results indicate that within agricultural land covers“naturally managed arable lands”exhibited significant positive effect,while forests,orchards,and vineyards were deemed less favourable for House Martin *** urban land covers,we found a clear distinction in the impact on House Martin populations,with a positive effect observed in urban infrastructure,development areas,and post-industrial sites(i.e.,UrbanAreas),while an indifferent impact was noted within urban green spaces and landscaped areas(i.e.,GreenUrban).Notably,our findings suggest that the simple spatial,age,and species structure typical of forests in Europe,and similarly,the uniform structure of parks and gardens,may be responsible for the decline in the abundance of the House *** advocate for the preservation or enhancement of urban greenery,expansion of natural vegetation in rural areas and adoption of ecological management practices in orchards and vineyards to mitigate further declines in House Martin populations.

关键词： Citizen science Habitat preferences House Martin Species distribution Urban and suburban landscape

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Urban Spatial Risk Assessment of Fire from Fueling Stations on Buildings Case Study: Lubaga Division, Kampala City, Uganda

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Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research 2020年第1期8卷 57-72页

作者： Ismail Wadembere Joan Apaco department of lands and Architectural Studies Faculty of Engineering Kyambogo University Kampala Uganda

The discovery of oil and gas in Uganda has attracted many investors, leading to increase in fuel/gas distributing companies and fueling stations creating rapid demand for land to locate the stations compared to available open urban land. Because of the explosive and combustion characteristics of fuel stored and dispensed at stations, several studies have been conducted on different fires at fueling stations such as static fire, jet fire, vapor cloud explosions, open fires, etc. but there was need to assess spatially the risk of fire from stations, its consequences and sovereignty on buildings surrounding them. This was done basing on seven parameters—proximity of buildings to stations, building materials, distance between buildings, wind speed, temperature, slope and vegetation. Analytical hierarchy process and pairwise comparison were used to weight the parameters based on their relative importance. Weighted sum tool was applied to generate the fire risk maps for the quarters—December to February, March to May, June to August, and September to November from 2008 to 2013. The parameters were overlaid with the buildings in each risk zone for all the four quarters and their influences determined. The highest contributors were proximity of the buildings to stations, building materials and separation between buildings. Most of the affected buildings were made of rusted corrugated iron sheets and wood;the separation distance from one building to another ranged from 0 - 4 m. Most of buildings located within 100 m from stations were at moderate risk level and within 50 m were at highest risk level. The period of December to February and June to August had the highest risk. The findings can be used to guide planners and policy makers on building location vs. material vs. separation. It can also guide developers on where, when and how to carry out their developments.

关键词： Fire Risk Fuel Stations Buildings and Spatial Analysis

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