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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第18期30卷 2387-2390页

作者： Aleksandra Boldys Lukasz Buldak department of internal medicine and Clinical pharmacology School of Medicine in KatowiceMedical University of SilesiaKatowice 40-752Poland

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),once known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),represents a spectrum of liver disorders characterized by lipid accumulation within *** redefinition of NAFLD in 2023 marked a significant reposition in terminology,emphasizing a broader understanding of liver steatosis and its associated *** is now recognized as a major risk factor for liver cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma,and systemic complications such as cardiovascular diseases or systemic *** challenges arise,particularly in identifying MASLD in lean individuals,necessitating updated diagnostic protocols and investing in non-invasive diagnostic ***,there is an urgent need for effective treatments targeting MASLD,with emerging pharmacological options focusing on,among others,carbohydrate and lipid ***,understanding the roles of bile acid metabolism,the microbiome,and dietary interventions in MASLD pathogenesis and management holds promise for innovative therapeutic *** is a strong need to emphasize the importance of collaborative efforts in understanding,diagnosing,and managing MASLD to improve physicians’approaches and patient outcomes.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Diagnostics Pathophysiology of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Therapy of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Therapeutic innovations

Role of N-formyl peptide receptor 2 in germinal matrix hemorrhage:an intrinsic review of a hematoma resolving pathway

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 350-354页

作者： Jerry Flores Jiping Tang department of physiology&pharmacology Loma Linda University School of MedicineLoma LindaCAUSA

Germinal matrix hemorrhage is one of the leading causes of morbidity,mortality,and acquired infantile hydrocephalus in preterm infants in the United States,with little progress made in its clinical *** clots have been shown to elicit secondary brain injury after germinal matrix hemorrhage,by disrupting normal cerebrospinal fluid circulation and absorption after germinal matrix hemorrhage causing post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus *** evidence suggests that rapid hematoma resolution is necessary to improve neurological outcomes after hemorrhagic *** articles have demonstrated the beneficial effects of stimulating the polarization of microglia cells into the M2 phenotype,as it has been suggested that they play an essential role in the rapid phagocytosis of the blood clot after hemorrhagic models of stroke.N-formyl peptide receptor 2(FPR2),a G-protein-coupled receptor,has been shown to be neuroprotective after ***2 activation has been associated with the upregulation of phagocytic macrophage clearance,yet its mechanism has not been fully *** literature suggests that FPR2 may play a role in the stimulation of scavenger receptor *** receptor CD36 plays a vital role in microglia phagocytic blood clot clearance after germinal matrix ***2 has been shown to phosphorylate extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2),which then promotes the transcription of the dual-specificity protein phosphatase 1(DUSP1)*** this review,we present an intrinsic outline of the main components involved in FPR2 stimulation and hematoma resolution after germinal matrix hemorrhage.

关键词： AnxA1 FPR2 GMH hematoma resolution hemorrhagic stroke M1 M2 microglia polarization microglia phagocytosis

Black radish root extract alleviates sodium valproate-induced liver damage via inhibiting mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and oxidative stress in mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第7期14卷 298-306页

作者： Mohammad Hadi Zarei Sami Akbulut Maryam Zafari Elham Saghaei Zahra Lorigooini Hossein AminiKhoei Somaye Khosravi Elham Bijad medical Plants Research Center Basic Health Sciences InstituteShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran department of Liver Transplant Institute and Biostatistics Inonu University Faculty of Medicine44280MalatyaTurkey Student Research Committee Shahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran physiology and pharmacology department School of MedicineShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran department of Anatomical Sciences School of MedicineShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran

Objective:To explore the effect of black radish(Raphanus sativus *** niger)root extract on liver enzymes,oxidative stress,and histopathological alterations in mice with sodium valproate-induced ***:Thirty-two mice were divided into four groups:the control group received drinking water by gavage,the second group was administered with 100 mg/kg of sodium valproate,the third group received 300 mg/kg of black radish root extract,and the fourth group was given both sodium valproate(100 mg/kg)and black radish root extract(300 mg/kg).After 28 days,the mice were euthanized,and serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),and alkaline phosphatase(ALP),along with liver malondialdehyde(MDA),reactive oxygen species(ROS),mitochondrial parameters,tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)gene expression,and histopathological changes were ***:Sodium valproate caused hepatic damage in mice,characterized by elevated serum levels of liver enzymes,increased MDA and ROS levels and TNF-αgene expression,as well as histopathological *** black radish root extract significantly alleviated sodium valproate-caused hepatic injury by decreasing the serum levels of ALT and AST,MDA,ROS,TNF-αgene expression,as well as mitochondrial impairment,but did not have a significant effect on sodium valproate-induced histopathological ***:The black radish root extract demonstrates protective effects against sodium valproate-induced liver injury,possibly through mitigating oxidative stress,mitochondrial impairment,and inflammatory mediator expression.

关键词： Black radish Raphanus sativus Sodium valproate Hepatotoxicity Oxidative stress Anti-inflammation

Eubacterium coprostanoligenes alleviates chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by enhancing intestinal mucus barrier

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1677-1692页

作者： Dongsheng Bai Jiawei Zhao Runde Wang Jiaying Du Chen Zhou Chunyang Gu Yuxiang Wang Lulu Zhang Yue Zhao Na Lu State Key Laboratory of Natural medicines Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and InterventionDepartment of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine and Clinical PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China department of Clinical pharmacology School of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

Chemotherapy-induced mucositis represents a severe adverse outcome of cancer treatment,significantly curtailing the efficacy of these treatments and,in some cases,resulting in fatal *** identifying intestinal epithelial cell damage as a key factor in chemotherapy-induced mucositis,the paucity of effective treatments for such damage is *** our study,we discovered that Eubacterium coprostanoligenes promotes mucin secretion by goblet cells,thereby fortifying the integrity of the intestinal mucus *** enhanced barrier function serves to resist microbial invasion and sub-sequently reduces the inflammatory ***,this effect remains unobtrusive to the anti-tumor efficacy of chemotherapy ***,*** up-regulates the expression of AUF1,leading to the stabilization of Muc2 mRNA and an increase in mucin synthesis in goblet *** espe-cially significant finding is that *** activates the AhR pathway,thereby promoting the expression of *** summary,our results strongly indicate that *** enhances the intestinal mucus barrier,effec-tively alleviating chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by activating the AhR/AUFl pathway,consequently enhancing Muc2 mRNA stability.

关键词： Chemotherapy Mucositis Eubacterium coprostanoligenes MUC2 AUF1

Correlations between serum kidney injury molecule-1,cystatin C and immunosuppressants:A cross-sectional study of renal transplant patients in Bahrain

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第3期38卷 269-277页

作者： Kannan Sridharan Shamik Shah Mona Al Hammad Fatima Ali Mohammed Sindhan Veeramuthu Mona Abdulla Taher Mustafa Mohamed Hammad Lamees Jawad Eman Farid department of pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Medicine and Medical SciencesArabian Gulf UniversityManamaKingdom of Bahrain department of Nephrology Salmaniya Medical ComplexManamaKingdom of Bahrain department of internal medicine College of Medicine and Medical SciencesArabian Gulf UniversityManamaKingdom of Bahrain Salmaniya medical Complex ManamaKingdom of Bahrain department of Laboratory medicine Salmaniya Medical ComplexManamaKingdom of Bahrain department of Microbiology Immunologyand Infectious DiseasesCollege of Medicine and Medical SciencesArabian Gulf UniversityManamaKingdom of Bahrain

Renal transplant patients receive several immunosuppressive drug regimens that are potentially nephrotoxic for *** creatinine is the standard for monitoring kidney function;however,cystatin C(Cys C)and kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1)have been found to indicate kidney injury earlier than serum creatinine and provide a better reflection of kidney ***,we assessed Cys C and KIM-1 serum levels in renal transplant patients receiving mycophenolate mofetil,tacrolimus,sirolimus,everolimus,or cyclosporine to evaluate kidney *** used both the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration(CKD-EPI)2021 equation,which is based on creatinine and combined creatinine with Cys C,and the CKD-EPI 2012 equation,which is based on Cys C alone,to estimate glomerular filtration rate(GFR).Then,we assessed the association between serum KIM-1 and GFR<90 mL per minute per 1.73 *** observed significantly higher serum Cys C levels in patients with the elevated serum creatinine,compared with those with normal serum *** estimated GFRs based on creatinine were significantly higher than those based on the other equations,while a significant positive correlation was observed among all *** KIM-1 levels were negatively correlated with the estimated GFRs by the CKD-EPI Cys C and the combined creatinine with Cys C equations.A serum KIM-1 level above 0.71 ng/mL is likely to indicate GFR<90 mL per minute per 1.73 *** observed a significant correlation between serum creatinine and Cys C in our renal transplant ***,serum KIM-1 may be used to monitor renal function when using potentially nephrotoxic drugs in renal transplants.

关键词： KIM-1 cystatin C mycophenolate mofetil tacrolimus everolimus sirolimus cyclosporine

lncRNA Gm20257 alleviates pathological cardiac hypertrophy by modulating the PGC-1α–mitochondrial complexⅣaxis

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Frontiers of medicine 2024年第4期18卷 664-677页

作者： Tong Yu Qiang Gao Guofang Zhang Tianyu Li Xiaoshan Liu Chao Li Lan Zheng Xiang Sun Jianbo Wu Huiying Cao Fangfang Bi Ruifeng Wang Haihai Liang Xuelian Li Yuhong Zhou Lifang Lv Hongli Shan department of physiology School of Basic MedicineHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin150081China State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease Department of Pharmacology(State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research Ministry of Education)College of PharmacyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin150081China The Center of Functional Experiment Teaching School of Basic MedicineHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin150081China

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy,a major contributor to heart failure,is closely linked to mitochondrial *** roles of long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs),which regulate mitochondrial function,remain largely unexplored in this ***,a previously unknown lncRNA,Gm20257,was *** markedly increased under hypertrophic stress in vivo and in *** suppression of Gm20257 by using small interfering RNAs significantly induced cardiomyocyte ***,the overexpression of Gm20257 through plasmid transfection or adeno-associated viral vector-9 mitigated angiotensinⅡ-induced hypertrophic phenotypes in neonatal mouse ventricular cells or alleviated cardiac hypertrophy in a mouse TAC model respectively,thus restoring cardiac ***,Gm20257 restored mitochondrial complexⅣlevel and enhanced mitochondrial *** prediction showed that Gm20257 had a high binding score with peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor coactivator-1(PGC-1α),which could increase mitochondrial complex ***,Western blot analysis results revealed that Gm20257 substantially affected the expression of PGC-1α.Further analyses through RNA immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting following RNA pull-down indicated that PGC-1αwas a direct downstream target of *** interaction was demonstrated to rescue the reduction of mitochondrial complex IV induced by hypertrophic stress and promote the generation of mitochondrial *** findings suggest that Gm20257 improves mitochondrial function through the PGC-1α-mitochondrial complexⅣaxis,offering a novel approach for attenuating pathological cardiac hypertrophy.

关键词： lncRNA Gm20257 cardiac hypertrophy PGC-1α mitochondrial complexⅣ ATP

Association of Congenital Heart Defects (CHD) with Factors Related to Maternal Health and Pregnancy in Newborns in Puerto Rico

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 19-31页

作者： Yamixa Delgado Caliani Gaytan Naydi Perez Eric Miranda Bryan Colón Morales Mónica Santos Biochemistry&pharmacology department San Juan Bautista School of MedicineCaguas00726Puerto Rico Hispanic Alliance for Clinical and Translational Research University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences CampusSan Juan00936Puerto Rico department of internal medicine University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences CampusSan Juan00936Puerto Rico

Background:Given the pervasive issues of obesity and diabetes both in Puerto Rico and the broader United States,there is a compelling need to investigate the intricate interplay among body mass index(BMI),pregesta-tional,and gestational maternal diabetes,and their potential impact on the occurrence of congenital heart defects(CHD)during neonatal ***:Using the comprehensive System of Vigilance and Surveillance of Congenital Defects in Puerto Rico,we conducted a focused analysis on neonates diagnosed with CHD between 2016 and *** assessment encompassed a range of variables,including maternal age,gestational age,BMI,pregestational diabetes,gestational diabetes,hypertension,history of abortion,and presence of ***:A cohort of 673 patients was included in our *** average maternal age was 26 years,within a range of 22 to 32 *** mean gestational age measured 39 weeks,with a median span of 38 to 39 *** the 673 patients,274(41%)mothers gave birth to neonates diagnosed with *** this group,22 cases were linked to pre-gestational diabetes,while 202 were not;20 instances were associated with gestational diabetes,compared to 200 without;and 148 cases exhibited an overweight or obese BMI,whereas 126 displayed a normal ***:We identiﬁed a statistically signiﬁcant correlation between pre-gestational diabetes mellitus and the occurrence of ***,our analysis did not show a statistically signiﬁcant association between maternal BMI and the likelihood of *** results may aid in developing effective strategies to prevent and manage CHD in neonates.

关键词： Congenital heart defects(CHD) obesisty maternal health diabetes body mass index(BMI)

Disparate outcomes in Hispanic patients with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease/steatohepatitis and type 2 diabetes: Large cohort study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 886-897页

作者： Joseph Matthew Gosnell George Golovko Esteban Arroyave Akshata Moghe Michael L Kueht Omar AbdulSaldarriaga Kevin H McKinney Heather L Stevenson Monique R Ferguson department of Pathology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States department of pharmacology&Toxicology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States department of medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030United States department of Surgery University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Center for Tropical Diseases Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States department of internal medicine University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States

BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)are a growing health burden across a significant portion of the global patient ***,these conditions seem to have disparate rates and outcomes between different ethnic *** combination of MASLD/MASH and type 2 diabetes increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and Hispanic patients experience the greatest burden,particularly those in South *** To compare outcomes between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients in the United States,while further focusing on the Hispanic population within Southeast Texas to determine whether the documented disparity in outcomes is a function of geographical circumstance or if there is a more widespread reason that all clinicians must account for in prognostic *** This cohort analysis was conducted with data obtained from TriNetX,LLC(“TriNetX”),a global federated health research network that provides access to deidentified medical records from healthcare organizations *** cohort networks were used:University of Texas medical Branch(UTMB)hospital and the United States national database collective to determine whether disparities were related to geographic regions,like Southeast *** This study findings revealed Hispanics/Latinos have a statistically significant higher occurrence of HCC,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and liver fibrosis/cirrhosis in both the United States and the UTMB Hispanic/Latino *** mortality in Hispanics/Latinos was lower within the United States group and not statistically elevated in the UTMB *** This would appear to support that Hispanic patients in Southeast Texas are not uniquely affected compared to the national Hispanic population.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis Hispanic Diabetes mellitus TriNetX Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Steatotic liver disease Hepatocellular carcinoma

Neuroprotective effects of resveratrol on retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma in rodents:A narrative review

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Animal Models and Experimental medicine 2024年第3期7卷 195-207页

作者： Maryam Golmohammadi Seyed Arash Aghaei Meibodi Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary Jitendra Gupta Ibrohim B.Sapaev Mazin A.A.Najm Marim Alwave Mozhgan Nazifi Mohammadreza Rahmani Mohammad Yasin Zamanian Gervason Moriasi School of medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran department of Business Administration Business SchoolAl al-Bayt UniversityMafraqJordan Institute of Pharmaceutical Research GLA UniversityMathuraIndia Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers TashkentUzbekistan New Uzbekistan University TashkentUzbekistan Pharmaceutical Chemistry department College of PharmacyAl-Ayen UniversityThi-QarIraq medical Technical College Al-Farahidi UniversityBaghdadIraq department of Neurology Hamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran physiology-pharmacology Research Center Research Institute of Basic Medical SciencesRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran department of physiology and pharmacology School of MedicineRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran Neurophysiology Research Center Hamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran department of pharmacology and Toxicology School of PharmacyHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran department of medical Biochemistry School of MedicineCollege of Health SciencesMount Kenya UniversityThikaKenya

Glaucoma,an irreversible optic neuropathy,primarily affects retinal ganglion cells(RGC)and causes vision loss and *** damage to RGCs in glaucoma occurs by various mechanisms,including elevated intraocular pressure,oxidative stress,inflammation,and other neurodegenerative *** the disease progresses,the loss of RGCs leads to vision ***,protecting RGCs from damage and promoting their survival are important goals in managing *** this regard,resveratrol(RES),a polyphenolic phytoalexin,exerts antioxidant effects and slows down the evolution and progression of *** present review shows that RES plays a protective role in RGCs in cases of ischemic injury and hypoxia as well as in ErbB2 protein expression in the ***,RES plays protective roles in RGCs by promoting cell growth,reducing apoptosis,and decreasing oxidative stress in H_(2)O_(2)-exposed *** was also found to inhibit oxidative stress damage in RGCs and suppress the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling *** could alleviate retinal function impairment by suppressing the hypoxia-i nducible factor-1 alpha/vascular endothelial growth factor and p38/p53 axes while stimulating the PI3K/Akt ***,RES might exert potential therapeutic effects for managing glaucoma by protecting RGCs from damage and promoting their survival.

关键词： glaucoma ischemic-reperfusion injury oxidative stress resveratrol retinal ganglion cells

Immunoglobulin A glomerulonephropathy:A review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1388-1394页

作者： Mohamad El Labban Salim Surani department of internal medicine Mayo Cliic Health SystemMankatoMN 56001United States department of medicine&pharmacology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United State

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Meng et al published in the World Journal of Clinical *** comprehensively review immunoglobulin A nephro-pathy(IgAN),including epidemiology,clinical presentation,diagnosis,and ***,also known as Berger's disease,is the most frequent type of primary glomerulonephritis(GN)*** is mostly found among the Asian *** presentation can be variable,from microscopic hematuria to a rapidly progressive *** 50%of patients present with single or recurring episodes of gross *** upper respiratory infection and tonsillitis often precede these *** 30%of patients present microscopic hematuria with or without proteinuria,usually detected on routine *** diagnosis relies on having a renal biopsy for pathology and immunofluorescence *** focus on risk stratification and management of *** provide a review of all the landmark studies to *** to the 2021 KDIGO(kidney disease:Improving Global Outcomes)guidelines,patients with non-variant form IgAN are first treated conservatively for three to six *** approach consists of adequate blood pressure control,reduction of proteinuria with renin-angiotensin system blockade,treatment of dyslipidemia,and lifestyle modifications(weight loss,exercise,smoking cessation,and dietary sodium restrictions).Following three to six months of conservative therapy,patients are further classified as high or low risk for disease ***-risk patients have proteinuria≥1 g/d or<1 g/d with significant microscopic hematuria and active inflammation on kidney *** experts consider proteinuria≥2 g/d to be very high *** with high and very high-risk profiles are treated with immunosuppressive therapy.A proteinuria level of<1 g/d and stable/im-proved renal function indicates a good treatment response for patients on immu-nosuppressive therapy.

关键词： Immunoglobulin A nephropathy Glomerulonephritis Nephritic syndrome Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor Angiotensin receptor blocker Systemic steroids Mycophenolate mofetil