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The neutrophil–osteogenic cell axis promotes bone destruction in periodontitis

International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 154-162页

作者： Yutaro Ando Masayuki Tsukasaki Nam Cong-Nhat Huynh Shizao Zang Minglu Yan Ryunosuke Muro Kazutaka Nakamura Masatsugu Komagamine Noriko Komatsu Kazuo Okamoto Kenta Nakano Tadashi Okamura Akira Yamaguchi Kazuyuki Ishihara Hiroshi Takayanagi department of Immunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of Tokyo7-3-1HongoBunkyo-kuTokyoJapan department of Microbiology Tokyo Dental College2-1-14 Kanda-Misaki-choChiyoda-kuTokyoJapan Oral Health Science Center Tokyo Dental College2-9-18Kanda-Misaki-choChiyodakuTokyoJapan department of Osteoimmunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of Tokyo7-3-1HongoBunkyo-kuTokyoJapan Unit of Prosthodontics Laboratory of Oral-Maxillofacial Biology Faculty of Odonto-StomatologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Sensory and Motor System MedicineGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan department of Laboratory Animal medicine Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan

The immune-stromal cell interactions play a key role in health and diseases. In periodontitis, the most prevalent infectious disease in humans, immune cells accumulate in the oral mucosa and promote bone destruction by inducing receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) expression in osteogenic cells such as osteoblasts and periodontal ligament cells. However, the detailed mechanism underlying immune–bone cell interactions in periodontitis is not fully understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNAsequencing analysis on mouse periodontal lesions and showed that neutrophil–osteogenic cell crosstalk is involved in periodontitis-induced bone loss. The periodontal lesions displayed marked infiltration of neutrophils, and in silico analyses suggested that the neutrophils interacted with osteogenic cells through cytokine production. Among the cytokines expressed in the periodontal neutrophils, oncostatin M (OSM) potently induced RANKL expression in the primary osteoblasts, and deletion of the OSM receptor in osteogenic cells significantly ameliorated periodontitis-induced bone loss. Epigenomic data analyses identified the OSM-regulated RANKL enhancer region in osteogenic cells, and mice lacking this enhancer showed decreased periodontal bone loss while maintaining physiological bone metabolism. These findings shed light on the role of neutrophils in bone regulation during bacterial infection, highlighting the novel mechanism underlying osteoimmune crosstalk.

关键词： period neutrophil destruction

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Native and prosthetic septic arthritis in a university hospital in Saudi Arabia:A retrospective study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 722-733页

作者： Reham Kaki department of internal medicine King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 22230Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Septic arthritis,whether native or prosthetic,poses a significant challenge in clinical practice due to its potentially devastating *** its clinical importance,there remains a dearth of comprehensive studies and standardized diagnostic criteria,particularly in the Kingdom of Saudi *** To investigate the epidemiology,microbiological profiles,and clinical characteristics of native and prosthetic septic joints in the Saudi Arabian *** Medical records of patients diagnosed with septic arthritis between January 1,2015,and December 31,2022,were retrospectively *** regarding patient demographics,clinical presentation,microbiological cultures,treatment modalities,and outcomes were *** In a retrospective review of 52 cases of septic arthritis,a balanced gender distribution was observed(1:1 ratio),with the knee being the most commonly affected joint(80.8%).Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus predominated in native joints(24.2%),while Brucella *** more prevalent in prosthetic joints(21.1%).Joint preservation was achieved in most cases(84.6%),with no significant difference in clinical features between native and prosthetic ***,certain comorbidities were more common in native joint cases,including renal impairment(P=0.002),hemodialysis(P=0.004),heart disease(P=0.013),and chronic liver disease(P=0.048).At the same time,osteoarthritis was more prevalent in prosthetic joint cases(P=0.013).Vancomycin was the most frequently used antibiotic(26.9%),and most patients received antibiotics before joint aspiration(57.7%).Surgical intervention,predominantly arthrotomy,was required in most cases(32.7%).Notably,a significant association was found between joint type and mortality(odds ratio=0.587,P=0.048),as well as the Charlson comorbidity index and mortality(P=0.001).CONCLUSION This study highlighted distinctive microbiological profiles and etiological factors in septic arthritis cases in the Sau

关键词： Septic arthritis Native joint Prosthetic joint Epidemiology Diagnostic criteria Saudi Arabia

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A retrospective analysis of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections in critically ill patients:Experience at a tertiary-care teaching hospital ICU

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Journal of Intensive medicine 2024年第2期4卷 181-186页

作者： Leyla Ferlicolak Neriman Defne Altintas Fugen Yoruk department of internal medicine Division of Intensive Care Unit Ankara University Faculty of MedicineAnkaraTurkey department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Ankara University Faculty of MedicineAnkaraTurkey

Background Acinetobacter baumannii is a clinically significant pathogen with a high incidence of multidrug resistance that is associated with life-threatening nosocomial ***,we aimed to provide an insight into the clinical characteristics and outcomes of a unique group of *** infections in which the isolates were resistant to carbapenems and most other antibiotic groups in a tertiary-care intensive care unit(ICU).Methods We performed a retrospective observational study in which records of patients hospitalized in the ICU between June 1,2021 and June 1,2023 were *** checked the clinical,laboratory,and microbiological records of all adult patients who had carbapenem-resistant ***(CRAB)*** antibiotic treatments and definitive antibiotic treatments after culture positivity and susceptibility test results were recorded.C-reactive protein(CRP)and procalcitonin levels and leukocyte counts were *** of ICU stay and 30-day mortality were defined as the outcome *** During the study period,57 patients were diagnosed with CRAB *** respiratory tract was the leading infection site(80.7%).In non-survivors,bloodstream infections(21.9%vs.4.0%P=0.05)and colistin-resistant(col-R)CRAB infections(43.8%vs.24.0%,P=0.12)were more common than in survivors,but these parameters were not statistically *** length of ICU stay was not different between survivors and ***,the rate of col-R among CRAB clinical isolates was 35.1%.The 30-day mortality in all patients with CRAB infection was 56.1%.Mortality in col-R CRAB and colistin-susceptible(col-S)CRAB infections was 70.0%and 48.6%,respectively(P=0.12).Prior carbapenem use was 56.1%.Prior colistin use before col-R and col-S CRAB infections was not significant(35.0%vs.27.0%,P=0.53).Conclusions Our study provides real-world data on highly resistant *** infections and shares the characteristics of infections with such resistant stra

关键词： Mortality Colistin-resi stant Gram-negative bacteria MDR Intensive care unit

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Impact of lifestyle interventions on pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第20期30卷 2633-2637页

作者： Wafaa Mohamed Ezzat department of internal medicine Medical Research and Clinical Studies InstituteNational Research CenterGiza 12311Egypt

This editorial builds on the article titled“Establishment and validation of an adherence prediction system for lifestyle interventions in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease”by Zeng et *** carried out a critical examination of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)pathogenesis and how lifestyle interventions could facilitate disease resolution,particularly highlighting that non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)is a severe form of *** discussion details that weight loss is a pivotal factor in disease outcomes:A 3%-5%reduction is enough for resolution in 50%of non-obese individuals,while a 7%-10%reduction achieves similar benefits in obese individuals,as demonstrated by magnetic resonance ***,the editorial underscores that such lifestyle changes are instrumental not only in resolving NAFLD but also in reversing hepatic steatosis and *** insights,derived from the research,emphasize the critical role of personalized lifestyle modifications in halting the progression of NAFLD to NASH and even reversing fibrosis,thus offering a template for effective patient management.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Diet Physical activity Life style

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Impact of depression on in-hospital outcomes for adults with type 2 myocardial infarction:A United States population-based analysis

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第7期16卷 412-421页

作者： Sivaram Neppala Himaja Dutt Chigurupati Shaylika Chauhan Mrunal Teja Chinthapalli Rupak Desai department of internal medicine University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78249United States department of internal medicine New York Medical College at Saint Michael’s Medical CenterNewarkNJ 07102United States department of internal medicine Geisinger Health SystemWikes-BarrePA 18702United States department of internal medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Independent Researcher AtlantaGA 30079United States

BACKGROUND Type 2 myocardial infarction(T2MI)is an ischemic myocardial injury in the context of oxygen supply/demand mismatch in the absence of a primary coronary ***,though there is a rising prevalence of depression and its potential association with type 1 myocardial infarction(T1MI),data remains nonexistent to evaluate the asso-ciation with *** To identify the prevalence and risk of T2MI in adults with depression and its impact on the in-hospital *** We queried the National Inpatient Sample(2019)to identify T2MI hospitalizations using internal Classification of Diseases-10 codes in hospitalized adults(≥18 years).In addition,we compared sociodemographic and comorbidities in the T2MI cohort with vs without comorbid ***,we used multivariate regression analysis to study the odds of T2MI hospitalizations with vs without depression and in-hospital outcomes(all-cause mortality,cardiogenic shock,cardiac arrest,and stroke),adjusting for *** significance was RESULTS There were 331145 adult T2MI hospitalizations after excluding T1MI(median age:73 years,52.8%male,69.9%white);41405(12.5%)had depression,the remainder;289740 did not have *** analysis revealed lower odds of T2MI in patients with depression vs without[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=0.88,95%confidence interval(CI):0.86-0.90,P=0.001].There was the equal prevalence of prior MI with any revascularization and a similar prevalence of peripheral vascular disease in the cohorts with depression vs without *** is a greater prevalence of stroke in patients with depression(10.1%)vs those without(8.6%).There was a slightly higher prevalence of hyperlipidemia in patients with depression vs without depression(56.5%vs 48.9%),as well as obesity(21.3%vs 17.9%).There was generally equal prevalence of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in both *** was no significant difference in elective and non-elective admissions frequency b

关键词： Type 2 myocardial infarction Depression Major adverse cardiovascular events Mortality Stroke Cardiac arrest Outcomes

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Chaiqin Chengqi Decoction as an adjuvant treatment for mild/moderately severe hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis: A retrospective study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第11期12卷 1918-1928页

作者： Hai-Fu Zhang Ze-Xuan Su Yong-Hang Feng Shuo-Jun Li Bi-Yun Xie department of internal medicine The First People's Hospital of FuyangHangzhou 311400Zhejiang ProvinceChina

Hypertriglyceridemia is the third leading cause of acute pancreatitis(AP),and its incidence is *** to its relatively insidious etiology,it is easy to be ignored in the early *** China,Chaiqin Chengqi Decoction(CQCQD)has long been employed for treating *** To evaluate the effectiveness of CQCQD in patients diagnosed with mild/moderately severe hypertriglyceridemic AP(HTG-AP).METHODS In this study,the clinical data of 39 patients with HTG-AP admitted from January 2019 to November 2022 were *** changes of blood lipids,gastrointestinal symptoms,and abdominal pain before and after treatment were analyzed and compared between the two *** Twenty patients were treated with the conventional HTG-AP regimen,and 19 patients were additionally treated with *** receiving treatment,the triglycerides(TG)level of the CQCQD group was lower than that of the CQCQD group(3.14±0.25 mmol/L vs 4.96±0.47 mmol/L,P3 d of treatment,the patients in the CQCQD group had more bowel movements than the control group(2.51±0.25 times vs 1.00±0.17 times,P=0.01).The gastrointestinal function of most patients returned to normal,and the acute gastrointestinal injury score was significantly lower than that of the control group(0.11±0.07 vs 0.42±0.11,P<0.01).CONCLUSION In patients with HTG-AP,CQCQD can significantly reduce the TG level,shorten the recovery time of defecation,significantly improve the gastrointestinal function.

关键词： Hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis Chinese medicine Chaiqin Chengqi Decoction Serum lipid Triglycerides

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Prognostic relevance of ventricular arrhythmias in surgical patients with gastrointestinal tumors

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1787-1795页

作者： Jiao-Jie Xue Su-Tian Hu Chong-Chong Wang Zhi-Chong Chen Shi-Yao Cheng Shu-Qi Yu Hua-Jing Peng Yi-Tao Zhang Wei-Jie Zeng department of Cardiovascular internal medicine Sun Yat-sen University Sixth Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou 510655Guangdong ProvinceChina department of Cardiovascular internal medicine The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510700Guangdong ProvinceChina department of Ultrasound Fuwai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences ShenzhenShenzhen 518052Guangdong ProvinceChina department of Kidney internal medicine Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou 510062Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Individuals diagnosed with gastrointestinal tumors are at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular *** which,ventricular arrhythmia is a prevalent clinical *** suggests that ventricular arrhythmias may have predictive value in the prognosis of patients with gastrointestinal *** To explore the prognostic value of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with gastrointestinal tumors receiving *** We retrospectively analyzed data from 130 patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor *** patients were evaluated by a 24-h ambulatory electrocardiogram(ECG)at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2018 to June ***,41 general healthy age-matched and sexmatched controls were *** were categorized into survival and non-survival *** primary endpoint was all-cause mortality,and secondary endpoints included major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs).RESULTS Colorectal tumors comprised 90%of *** ambulatory ECG monitoring revealed that among the 130 patients with gastrointestinal tumors,100(76.92%)exhibited varying degrees of premature ventricular contractions(PVCs).Ten patients(7.69%)manifested non-sustained ventricular tachycardia(NSVT).The patients with gastrointestinal tumors exhibited higher PVCs compared to the healthy controls on both conventional ECG[27(21.3)vs 1(2.5),P=0.012]and 24-h ambulatory ECG[14(1.0,405)vs 1(0,6.5),P35/24 h to all-cause mortality,and NSVT was associated with ***,neither PVC burden nor NSVT independently predicted outcomes according to multivariate *** Patients with gastrointestinal tumors exhibited elevated ***>35/24 h and NSVT detected by 24-h ambulatory ECG were prognos

关键词： Ventricular arrhythmia Gastrointestinal tumor Major adverse cardiovascular events Prognostic Surgery

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Evaluating the role of large language models in inflammatory bowel disease patient information

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第29期30卷 3538-3540页

作者： Eun Jeong Gong Chang Seok Bang department of internal medicine Hallym University College of MedicineChuncheon 24253Gangwon-doSouth Korea

This letter evaluates the article by Gravina et al on ChatGPT’s potential in providing medical information for inflammatory bowel disease *** promising,it highlights the need for advanced techniques like reasoning+action and retrieval-augmented generation to improve accuracy and *** that simple question and answer testing is insufficient,it calls for more nuanced evaluation methods to truly gauge large language models’capabilities in clinical applications.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease Chat generative pre-trained transformer Large language model Artificial intelligence

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History of chronic gastritis:How our perceptions have changed

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第13期30卷 1851-1858页

作者： Dmitry Bordin Maria Livzan department of Pancreatic Biliary and Upper GI Tract DiseasesA.S.Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific CenterMoscow 111123Russia department of Propaedeutic of internal Diseases and Gastroenterology Russian University of MedicineMoscow 127006Russia department of Outpatient Therapy and Family medicine Tver State Medical UniversityTver 170100Russia department of internal medicine and Gastroenterology Omsk State Medical UniversityOmsk 644099Russia

Currently,the diagnostic strategy for chronic gastritis(CG)is aimed not just at fixing the presence of gastric mucosal inflammation,but also at gastric cancer(GC)risk stratification in a particular *** classification approach with the definition of the stage of gastritis determines the need,activities and frequency of dynamic monitoring of a ***,this attitude to the patient suffering from CG was far from *** present publication is a literature review describing the key milestones in the history of CG research,from the description of the first observations of inflammation of the gastric mucosa,assessment of gastritis as a predominantly functional disease,to the advent of endoscopy of the upper digestive tract and diagnostic gastric biopsy,assessment of the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in progression of inflammatory changes to atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,dysplasia and GC.

关键词： Chronic gastritis Intestinal metaplasia Dysplasia Gastric cancer Helicobacter pylori

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Optimization of colorectal cancer screening strategies: New insights

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第28期30卷 3361-3366页

作者： Magie Tamraz Najib Al Ghossaini Sally Temraz department of Nutrition and Public Health Holy Spirit University of KaslikJounieh 446Lebanon department of internal medicine Ain Wazein Medical VillageChouf 1503Lebanon department of internal medicine Division of Hematology/OncologyAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirut 11072020Lebanon

In this editorial,we discuss the article by Agatsuma et *** concentrate specifically on the current routinely used screening tests recommended by society guidelines and delve into the significance of early diagnosis of colorectal cancer(CRC)and its substantial impact on both incidence and mortality *** is highly recommended,and an early diagnosis stands out as the most crucial predictor of survival for CRC ***,it is essential to identify and address the barriers hindering adherence to screening measures,as these barriers can vary among different ***,we focus on screening strategy optimization by selecting high-risk *** with comorbidities who regularly visit hospitals have been diagnosed at an early stage,showing no significant difference compared to patients undergoing regular *** finding highlights the importance of extending screening measures to include patients with comorbidities who do not routinely visit the hospital.

关键词： Colorectal neoplasms Early diagnosis Barriers to adherence Cancer screening guidelines Screening tests

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