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A historical overview of nano-optics:From near-field optics to plasmonics

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Chinese physics B 2024年第5期33卷 134-145页

作者：邓妙怡朱星 department of History of Science Technology and MedicineAcademy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Nano-optics is an emergent research field in physics that appeared in the 1980s,which deals with light–matter optical interactions at the nanometer scale.In early studies of nano-optics,the main concern focus is to obtain higher optical resolution over the diffraction limit.The researches of near-field imaging and spectroscopy based on scanning near-field optical microscopy(SNOM)are developed.The exploration of improving SNOM probe for near-field detection leads to the emergence of surface plasmons.In the sense of resolution and wider application,there has been a significant transition from seeking higher resolution microscopy to plasmonic near-field modulations in the nano-optics community during the nano-optic development.Nowadays,studies of nano-optics prefer the investigation of plasmonics in different material systems.In this article,the history of the development of near-field optics is briefly reviewed.The difficulties of conventional SNOM to achieve higher resolution are discussed.As an alternative solution,surface plasmons have shown the advantages of higher resolution,wider application,and flexible nano-optical modulation for new devices.The typical studies in different periods are introduced and characteristics of nano-optics in each stage are analyzed.In this way,the evolution progress from near-field optics to plasmonics of nano-optics research is presented.The future development of nano-optics is discussed then.

关键词： nano-optics near-field optics surface plasmon plasmonic modulation

Molecular dynamics simulations on the interactions between nucleic acids and a phospholipid bilayer

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Chinese physics B 2024年第2期33卷 512-521页

作者：徐耀黄舒伟丁泓铭马余强 National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and department of physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Center for Soft Condensed Matter physics and interdisciplinary Research School of Physical Science and TechnologySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China

Recently,lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)have been extensively investigated as non-viral carriers of nucleic acid vaccines due to their high transport efficiency,safety,and straightforward production and scalability.However,the molecular mechanism underlying the interactions between nucleic acids and phospholipid bilayers within LNPs remains elusive.In this study,we employed the all-atom molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the interactions between single-stranded nucleic acids and a phospholipid bilayer.Our findings revealed that hydrophilic bases,specifically G in single-stranded RNA(ssRNA)and single-stranded DNA(ssDNA),displayed a higher propensity to form hydrogen bonds with phospholipid head groups.Notably,ssRNA exhibited stronger binding energy than ssDNA.Furthermore,divalent ions,particularly Ca2+,facilitated the binding of ssRNA to phospholipids due to their higher binding energy and lower dissociation rate from phospholipids.Overall,our study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying nucleic acidphospholipid interactions,with potential implications for the nucleic acids in biotherapies,particularly in the context of lipid carriers.

关键词： RNA DNA lipid bilayer molecular dynamics interface interaction divalent cation

Layered kagome compound Na_(2)Ni_(3)S_(4)with topological flat band

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Chinese physics B 2024年第5期33卷 153-159页

作者：叶君耀林益浩王浩哲宋志达冯济谢韦伟贾爽 International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China department of chemistry Michigan State UniversityMI48824USA Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

We report structural and electronic properties of Na_(2)Ni_(3)S_(4),a quasi-two-dimensional compound composed of alternating layers of[Ni_(3)S_(4)]^(2-)and Na^(+).The compound features a remarkable Ni-based kagome lattice with a square planar configuration of four surrounding S atoms for each Ni atom.Magnetization and electrical measurements reveal a weak paramagnetic insulator with a gap of about 0.5 eV.Our band structure calculation highlights a set of topological flat bands of the kagome lattice derived from the rotated dxz-orbital with C_(3)+T symmetry in the presence of crystal-field splitting.

关键词： kagome lattice flat band

Quasinormal modes and isospectrality of Bardeen(Anti-)de Sitter black holes

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Chinese physics C 2024年第3期48卷 191-202页

作者：赵莹刘文韬张超房熊俊荆继良 department of physics Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Educationand Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsInstitute of Interdisciplinary StudiesHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China department of physics Faculty of ScienceTokyo University of Science1-3KagurazakaShinjuku-kuTokyo 162-8601Japan

Black holes(BHs)exhibiting coordinate singularities but lacking essential singularities throughout the spacetime are referred to as regular black holes(RBHs).The initial formulation of RBHs was presented by Bardeen,who considered the Einstein equation coupled with a nonlinear electromagnetic field.In this study,we investigate the gravitational perturbations,including the axial and polar sectors,of the Bardeen(Anti-)de Sitter black holes.We derive the master equations with source terms for both axial and polar perturbations and subsequently compute the quasinormal modes(QNMs)through numerical methods.For the Bardeen de Sitter black hole,we employ the 6thorder WKB approach.The numerical results reveal that the isospectrality is broken in this case.Conversely,the QNM frequencies are calculated using the HH method for the Bardeen Anti-de Sitter black hole.

关键词： Bardeen quasinormal modes master equation

Superconductivity in kagome metal ThRu3Si2

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Chinese physics B 2024年第5期33卷 50-55页

作者：刘艺厉静杨武璋卢佳依曹博雅李华旬柴万力武思祺李佰卓孙云蕾焦文鹤王操许晓峰任之曹光旱 School of physics Zhejiang University department of Applied physics Zhejiang University of Technology School of Science Westlake Institute for Advanced Study Westlake University department of physics Shandong University of Technology School of Information and Electrical Engineering Zhejiang University City College interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information and State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor MaterialsZhejiang University Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University

We report the physical properties of ThRu3Si2featured with distorted Ru kagome lattice. The combined experiments of resistivity, magnetization and specific heat reveal bulk superconductivity with Tc= 3.8 K. The specific heat jump and calculated electron–phonon coupling indicate a moderate coupled BCS superconductor. In comparison with LaRu3Si2,the calculated electronic structure in ThRu3Si2shows an electron-doping effect with electron filling lifted from 100 meV below flat bands to 300 meV above it. This explains the lower superconducting transition temperature and weaker electron correlations observed in ThRu3Si2. Our work suggests the Tc and electronic correlations in the kagome superconductor could have an intimate connection with the flat bands.

关键词： superconductivity kagome lattice flat band TEMPERATURE LATTICE SYSTEM STATE

A zincophilic molecular brush for a dendrite-free,corrosionresistant,zinc metal anode with a long life cycle

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 390-396页

作者： Penggao Liu Jia Guo Xinyue Chen Ting Wang Yanping Huang Shasha Gao Tao Wang Dongling Wu Kaiyu Liu State Key Laboratory of chemistry and Utilization of Carbon based Energy Resources College of ChemistryXinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830017China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringEducation Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Energy of Henan Province Department of Physics and Electronic EngineeringXinyang Normal UniversityXinyang 464000China interdisciplinary Research Center for Sustainable Energy Science and Engineering(IRC4SE2) School of Chemical EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Zinc-based aqueous rechargeable batteries have attracted extensive attention due to their low cost,safety,and environmental friendliness.However,dendrite growth and hydrogen evolution of Zn anodes limit their large-scale application.A new strategy to produce a polyacrylamide/reduced graphene oxide(PAM@rGO)molecular nanobrush coating and control Zn electrolyte interface engineering is proposed for use in highly reversible Zn plating/stripping.Hydrogen evolution is inhibited,and Zn deposition is consolidated using the rich zincophilic functional groups of the branched polyacrylamide chain and the high conductivity of rGO.Due to the synergistic effects of corrosion resistance and dendrite-free growth,PAM@rGO/Zn provides prolonged and reversible Zn plating/stripping.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations expand on homogenized nucleation.The PAM@rGO/Zn||activated carbon(AC)capacitor exhibits long cyclic stability,fast ion transfer,and minimal interfacial impedance.This study provides experimental and theoretical bases for the structural design of Zn anode.

关键词： zincophilic nanobrush polyacrylamide/reduced graphene oxide(PAM@rGO)/Zn surface modification Zn based energy storage

Quantum phase transition of the Jaynes-Cummings model

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第1期67卷 1-9页

作者： Cheng Liu Jin-Feng Huang Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan ProvinceDepartment of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsInstitute of Interdisciplinary StudiesHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China

Herein,we propose an experimentally feasible scheme to show the quantum phase transition of the Jaynes-Cummings(JC)model by modulating the transition frequency of a two-level system in a quantum Rabi model with strong coupling.By tuning the modulation frequency and amplitude,the ratio of the effective coupling strength of the rotating terms to the effective cavity(atomic transition)frequency can enter the deep-strong coupling regime,while the counter-rotating terms can be neglected.Thus,a deep-strong JC model is obtained.The ratio of the coupling strength to resonance frequencies in the deep-strong JC model is two orders of magnitude larger than the corresponding ratio in the original quantum Rabi model.Our scheme can be employed in atom-cavity resonance and off-resonance cases,and it is valid over a broad range.The nonzero average cavity photons of the ground state indicate the emergence of a quantum phase transition.Further,we demonstrate the dependence of the phase diagram on the atom-cavity detuning and modulation parameters.All the parameters used in our scheme are within the reach of current experimental technology.Our scheme provides a new mechanism for investigating the critical phenomena of finite-sized systems without requiring classical field limits,thereby opening a door for studying fundamental quantum phenomena occurring in the ultrastrong and even deep-strong coupling regimes.

关键词： Jaynes-Cummings model quantum phase transition frequency modulation

Westward Migration of Tropical Cyclone Activity in the Western North Pacific during 1982–2020:Features and Possible Causes

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第1期38卷 1-9页

作者： Jian ZHONG Huadong DU Yuqin WU Yuehua PENG China Satellite Maritime Tracking and Control department Jiangyin 2144312 College of Advanced interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 4100733 Dalian Naval Academy Dalian 1160184 Institute of Atmospheric physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029

The westward migration of tropical cyclone(TC)activity has been identified in the western North Pacific(WNP),but the related features and causes remain elusive.Here,based on the best track data from China,Japan,and the US,and the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data in 1982–2020,we investigate characteristics of the westward migration of the WNP TC activity with various metrics,and reveal possible causes for the migration of TC tracks through analyzing its seasonality and dependence on environmental conditions.The results show that the WNP TCs show significant westward migrations in a number of metrics,including location of tracks,genesis,the first track point at which TC reaches its lifetime-maximum intensity,and the last track point in the TC lifetime.It is found that TC tracks exhibit more significant westward migrations in the easterly steering flow than in the westerly steering flow.Meanwhile,the TC longitude shift shows notable seasonal variations,for which the TCs in the easterlies move further west than those in the westerlies during July–September,vice versa during October–December.The dependence of the westward migration of TC tracks on background steering flow is associated with the different environmental conditions.The westward shift in the westerly steering is mainly due to the reduced vertical wind shear(VWS),while the weakened zonal easterly steering and reduced VWS are both closely related to the westward migration in the easterly steering.These results have important implications for understanding current and future variations in TC longitude shift.

关键词： tropical cyclone westward migration steering flow vertical wind shear

Chiral bound states in a staggered array of coupled resonators

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Chinese physics B 2024年第2期33卷 124-130页

作者：金伍林李静卢竞龚志瑞周兰 Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan ProvinceKey Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of the Ministry of EducationSynergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsInstitute of Interdisciplinary StudiesXiangjiang-Laboratory and Department of PhysicsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China College of physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

We study the chiral bound states in a coupled-resonator array with staggered hopping strengths,which interacts with a two-level small atom through a single coupling point or two adjacent ones.In addition to the two typical bound states found above and below the energy bands,this system presents an extraordinary chiral bound state located within the energy gap.We use the chirality to quantify the breaking of the mirror symmetry.We find that the chirality value undergoes continuous changes by tuning the coupling strengths.The preferred direction of the chirality is controlled not only by the competition between the intracell and the intercell hoppings in the coupled-resonator array,but also by the coherence between the two coupling points.In the case with one coupling point,the chirality values varies monotonously with difference between the intracell hopping and the intercell hoppings.While in the case with two coupling points,due to the coherence between the two coupling points the perfect chiral states can be obtained.

关键词： bound states two-level small atom coupled-resonator array chirality