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Optimizing solar energy efficiency with an improved hill-climbing maximum power point tracking control approach: hardware implementation

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 167-176页

作者： Yassine El Alami Elmostafa Chetouani Hamza Mokhliss Fatima Ouerradi Mohssin Aoutoul Said Bounouar Rachid Bendaoud Ahmed Faize Redouane Rmaily Laboratory of Electronics Instrumentation and EnergeticFaculty of SciencesChouaïb Doukkali UniversityB.P 20El JadidaMorocco Laboratory ElectronicsInstrumentation and EnergyExploitation and Processing of Renewable EnergyDepartment of PhysicsFaculty of SciencesUniversity of Chouaïb DoukkaliEl JadidaMorocco STIC Lab. Department of PhysicsChouaïb Doukkali UniversityEl JadidaMorocco Complex Cyber physical Systems Laboratory National Higher School of Arts and CraftsHassan II UniversityCasablancaMorocco Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Research in Science Educationand TrainingHigher School of Education and Training-BerrechidHassan First UniversityBerrechidMorocco department of Physics Polydisciplinary FacultyUniversity of Mohamed PremierNadorMorocco

This article implements maximum power point tracking(MPPT)based on the improved hill-climbing algorithm for photovoltaic(PV)systems feeding resistive loads.A direct current-to-direct current boost converter is inserted between the PV system and the load to achieve *** converter is managed using MPPT based on the hill-climbing *** objective of this paper is to optimize the code program to achieve the best compromise between accuracy and rapidity by implementing this algorithm using a *** PV systems are tested under identical meteorological *** the first,an improved hill-climbing MPPT controller is used whereas,in the second,the conventional version is *** experimental results obtained show a signifi-cant enhancement in terms of speed for the improved algorithm with a value of 0.4 s for the response time and 3%for the oscillation power;those values remain satisfactory in terms of precision of the algorithm compared with the conventional system studied and the compared algorithm from the literature.

关键词： DC/DC boost converter hardware implementation improved hill climbing MPPT photovoltaic system

High-performance eight-channel system with fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors

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Chip 2024年第2期3卷 45-52页

作者： Zifan Hao Kai Zou Yun Meng Jun-Yong Yan Fangyuan Li Yongheng Huo Chao-Yuan Jin Feng Liu Thomas Descamps Adrian Iovan Val Zwiller Xiaolong Hu School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronic Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Science and Technology Ministry of EducationTianjin 300072China State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical instrumentation College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 300072China Hefei National Research Center for physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China department of Applied Physics Royal Institute of Technology(KTH)SE-10691 StockholmSweden

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors(SNSPDs)have become a mainstream photon-counting technology that has been widely applied in various *** far,most multi-channel SNSPD systems,either reported in literature or commercially available,are polarization sensitive,that is,the system detection efficiency(SDE)of each channel is dependent on the state of polarization of the to-be-detected ***,we reported an eight-channel system with fractal SNSPDs working in the wavelength range of 930 to 940 nm,which are all featured with low polarization *** a close-cycled Gifford-McMahon cryocooler system with the base temperature of 2.2 K,we installed and compared the performance of two types of devices:(1)SNSPD,composed of a single,continuous nanowire and(2)superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetector(SNAP),composed of 16 cascaded units of two nanowires electrically connected in *** highest SDE among the eight channels reaches 96+^(4)_(-5%),with the polarization sensitivity of 1.02 and a dark-count rate of 13 counts per *** average SDE for eight channels for all states of polarization is estimated to be 90±5%.It is concluded that both the SNSPDs and the SNAPs can reach saturated,high SDE at the wavelength of interest,and the SNSPDs show lower dark-count(false-count)rates,whereas the SNAPs show better properties in the time *** the adoption of this system,we showcased the measurements of the second-order photon-correlation functions of light emission from a singlephoton source based on a semiconductor quantum dot and from a pulsed *** is believed that this work will provide new choices of systems with single-photon detectors combining the merits of high SDE,low polarization sensitivity,and low noise that can be tailored for different applications.

关键词： Superconducting nanowire single-photon detector Superconducting strip photon detector Fractal Quantum optics Photon correlation

Scalable synthesis of lipid nanoparticles for nucleic acid drug delivery using an isometric channel-size enlarging strategy

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2899-2907页

作者： Zesen Ma Haiyang Tong Sijin Lin Li Zhou Demeng Sun Baoqing Li Changlin Tian Jiaru Chu department of Precision Machinery and Precision instrumentation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Science Island Branch Graduate SchoolUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging High Magnetic Field LaboratoryHefei Institute of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Peptide Drugs University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China School of Biomedical Engineering Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215127China

Lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)have emerged as highly effective delivery systems for nucleic acid-based ***,the broad clinical translation of LNP-based drugs is hampered by the lack of robust and scalable synthesis techniques that can consistently produce formulations from early development to clinical *** this work,we proposed a method to achieve scalable synthesis of LNPs by scaling inertial microfluidic mixers isometrically in three ***,a theoretical predictive method,which controls the mixing time to be equal across different chips,is developed to ensure consistent particle size and size distribution of the synthesized *** loaded with small interfering RNA(siRNA)were synthesized at different flow rates,exhibiting consistent physical properties,including particle size,size distribution and encapsulation *** work provides a practical approach for scalable synthesis of LNPs consistently,offering the potential to accelerate the transition of nucleic acid drug development into clinical application.

关键词： lipid nanoparticles nucleic acid delivery microfluidics scalable synthesis consistent particle size

MAX-DOAS and in-situ measurements of aerosols and trace gases over Dongying,China:Insight into ozone formation sensitivity based on secondary HCHO

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 656-668页

作者： Xiaojun Zheng Zeeshan Javed Cheng Liu Aimon Tanvir Osama Sandhu Haoran Liu Xiangguang Ji Chengzhi Xing Hua Lin Daolin Du Institute of Environment and Ecology School of the Environment and Safety EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China department of Precision Machinery and Precision instrumentation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics&Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China National Agromet Center Pakistan Meteorological DepartmentIslamabad 44000Pakistan Institute of physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

This study presents a comprehensive overview of the atmospheric pollutants including Sulfur dioxide(SO_(2)),Nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),Formaldehyde(HCHO),Particulate Matter PM;PM_(10):diameter≤10μm,and PM_(2.5):diameter≤2.5μm,and Ozone(O_(3)),over Dongying(Shandong Province)from March-April 2018 and September-October 2019 by employing ground-based Multiple Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy(MAX-DOAS)observations along with the in-situ measurements attained by the national air quality monitoring *** concentrations of SO_(2)and NO_(2)were under the acceptable level,while both PM_(2.5),and PM_(10)were higher than the safe levels as prescribed by national and international air quality *** results depict that 21%of the total observation days were found to be complex polluted days(PM_(2.5)>35μg/m^(3) and O_(3)>160μg/m^(3)).The secondary HCHO was used for accurate analysis of O_(3)sensitivity.A difference of 11.40%and 10%during March-April 2018 and September-October 2019 respectively in O_(3)sensitivity was found between HCHO_(total)/NO_(2)and HCHO_(sec)/NO_(2).The results indicate that primary HCHO have significant contribution in HCHO.O_(3)formation predominantly remained to be in VOC-limited and transitional regime during March-April 2018 and September-October 2019 in *** results imply that concurrent control of both NO_(x) and VOCs would benefit in ozone ***,the criteria pollutants(PM,SO_(2),and NO_(2))depicted strong correlations with each other except for O_(3)for which weak correlation coefficient was obtained with all the *** study will prove to be baseline for designing of air pollution control strategies.

关键词： MAX-DOAS Trace gases Ozone sensitivity Secondary HCHO Complex Pollution

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DMF-scMT-seq linking methylome and transcriptome within single cells with digital microfluidics

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2070-2078页

作者： Xing Xu Xi Zeng Xin Lin Shiyan Lin Shanshan Liang Tian Tian Rui Su Jia Song Chaoyong Yang Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and InstrumentationState Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of Chemical BiologyCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Institute of Molecular Medicine Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200127China Chemistry and Materials Science College Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234China Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center(ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China

Single-cell joint analysis of methylome and transcriptome reveals how the methylation regulates the transcriptional ***,traditional bench-top protocols for single-cell DNA methylation and RNA transcription co-detection are laborintensive,cost-ineffective and ***,we establish the DMF-sc MT-seq,a highly-efficient and cost-effective method to simultaneously analyze single-cell DNA methylation and transcriptional activity based on digital *** MT-seq automates the workflow of single-cell isolation,cellular hypotonic lysis,nucleic acid separation and methylome/transcriptome library construction in a contactless and addressable *** system ensures high accuracy(R>0.85),high gene detection ability(14,697 genes per cell at 4 million sequencing depth),and high CpG coverage(677,198 CpG sites per cell at 1million sequencing depth).By using DMF-sc MT-seq,the relationship of DNA methylation and RNA transcription under different genomic contexts is *** further apply DMF-sc MT-seq to study the dynamics of transcription regulation with methylation-inhibiting anti-tumor Decitabine,and identify the methylated promoter/gene body driven genes in response to Decitabine ***-sc MT-seq facilitates the construction of the correlation of DNA methylation and transcriptional activity at the single-cell level in a flexible,sensitive and accurate way,which is anticipated to be a powerful tool in studying single-cell biological systems.

关键词： single-cell analysis digital microfluidics methylome sequencing transcriptome sequencing

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Response optimization of a three-axis sensitive SERF magnetometer for closed-loop operation

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 291-297页

作者：周原锐孙永泽汪茜茜秦佳男张雪王言章 Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment(Ministry of Education) Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China College of instrumentation and Electrical Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China department of Physics Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz55128 MainzGermany Helmholtz-Institut GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerioneforschung55128 MainzGermany

Most triaxial-vectorial magnetic field measurements with spin-exchange relaxation free(SERF)atomic magnetometer(AM)are based on the quasi-steady-state solution of the Bloch ***,the responding speed of these methods is greatly limited because the frequency of the modulation signal should be slow enough to ensure the validity of the quasi-steady-state *** this work,a new model to describe the response of the three-axis sensitive SERF AM with high modulation frequency is presented and *** response of alkali-atomic spin to high-frequency modulation field is further investigated by solving the Bloch equation in a modulation-frequency-dependence *** solution is well verified by our experiments and can offer a reference for selection of modulation *** result shows a potential to achieve a SERF AM operating in a geomagnetic field without heavy aluminum shielding when the modulation frequencies are selected properly.

关键词： triaxial-vectorial magnetic field measurement spin-exchange relaxation free atomic magnetometer

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First satellite observation of total column water vapor from the Chinese Environmental Trace Gases Monitoring Instrument

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年

作者： Ran ZHAO Chengxin ZHANG Wenjing SU Jin YE Ziwei LI Cheng LIU School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Science and Technology of China department of Precision Machinery and Precision instrumentation University of Science and Technology of China department of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes University of Science and Technology of China

Atmospheric water vapor is a critical component of the Earth's water cycle and has significant impacts on weather,climate, and atmospheric chemistry. However, deficiencies remain in the coverage and accuracy of water vapor monitoring. In this study, we first retrieved the total column water vapor（TCWV） in the visible blue spectral band from two Chinese satellite UV-Vis spectrometers, the Environmental Trace Gases Monitoring Instruments（EMIs）, which are onboard the Chinese GaoFen-5（GF-5, since May 2018） and GaoFen-5B（GF-5B, since September 2021） satellites. Nevertheless, limited by factors such as the relatively lower spectral signal-to-noise ratio and weak absorption of water vapor, the accurate retrieval of TCWV from the EMI spectrum is rather challenging. Therefore, we improved the baseline TCWV retrieval based on the differential optical absorption technique, including the re-calibration of the on-orbit spectra, optimization of the spectral fitting, and bias correction in the fitted result. Sensitivity tests show that the mean retrieval TCWV error of the EMI decreased by 1.47 kg m–2compared to that using uncalibrated spectra. The improved spectral fitting significantly reduced the relative uncertainty of the water vapor slant column densities（SCD） by 13.42%, and increased the number of successful fits by 11.64%. The improved EMI TCWV retrieval results from both the GF-5 and GF-5B satellites show a trend consistent with the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument（TROPOMI）satellite observations, with a correlation coefficient（R） of 0.98 and a mean bias of 1.04 kg m–2（6.88%）. Ground-based validations showed that the correlation between the EMI TCWV retrievals from the GF-5B satellite（R=0.91） and sun photometer measurements was significantly higher than that from the GF-5 satellite（R=0.87）, which may have been due to the improved performance of the EMI instrument on the GF-5B satellite. Finally, we showed that an intense atmospheric river event could be successfully captu

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Brillouin Klein space and half-turn space in three-dimensional acoustic crystals

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2050-2058页

作者： Zhenxiao Zhu Linyun Yang Jien Wu Yan Meng Xiang Xi Bei Yan Jingming Chen Jiuyang Lu Xueqin Huang Weiyin Deng Ce Shang Perry Ping Shum Yihao Yang Hongsheng Chen Kexin Xiang Gui-Geng Liu Zhengyou Liu Zhen Gao State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology Department of Electronic and Electrical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) Physical Science and Engineering Division(PSE)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical InstrumentationZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation CenterCollege of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZJU-UIUC InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

The Bloch band theory and Brillouin zone(BZ)that characterize wave-like behaviors in periodic mediums are two cornerstones of contemporary physics,ranging from condensed matter to topological *** theoretical breakthrough revealed that,under the projective symmetry algebra enforced by artificial gauge fields,the usual two-dimensional(2D)BZ(orientable Brillouin two-torus)can be fundamentally modified to a non-orientable Brillouin Klein bottle with radically distinct manifold ***,the physical consequence of artificial gauge fields on the more general three-dimensional(3D)BZ(orientable Brillouin three-torus)was so far ***,we theoretically discovered and experimentally observed that the fundamental domain and topology of the usual 3D BZ can be reduced to a non-orientable Brillouin Klein space or an orientable Brillouin half-turn space in a 3D acoustic crystal with artificial gauge *** experimentally identify peculiar 3D momentum-space non-symmorphic screw rotation and glide reflection symmetries in the measured band ***,we experimentally demonstrate a novel stacked weak Klein bottle insulator featuring a nonzero Z2 topological invariant and self-collimated topological surface states at two opposite surfaces related by a nonlocal twist,radically distinct from all previous 3D topological *** discovery not only fundamentally modifies the fundamental domain and topology of 3D BZ,but also opens the door towards a wealth of previously overlooked momentum-space multidimensional manifold topologies and novel gaugesymmetry-enriched topological physics and robust acoustic wave manipulations beyond the existing paradigms.

关键词： Momentum-space non-symmorphic symmetry Brillouin Klein space and half-turn space Acoustic Klein bottle insulator Self-collimated topological surface states

ARPES investigation of the electronic structure and its evolution in magnetic topological insulator MnBi2+2nTe4+3n family

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 81-93页

作者： Runzhe Xu Lixuan Xu Zhongkai Liu Lexian Yang Yulin Chen State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua University School of physical Science and Technology Shanghai Tech University and CAS-Shanghai Science Research Center Shanghai Tech Laboratory for Topological Physics Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter department of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of Oxford

In the past 5 years,there has been significant research interest in the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator family compounds MnBi2+2nTe4+3n（where n=0,1,2…）.In particular,exfoliated thin films of MnBi2Te4have led to numerous experimental breakthroughs,such as the quantum anomalous Hall effect,axion insulator phase and high-Chern number quantum Hall effect without Landau ***,despite extensive efforts,the energy gap of the topological surface states due to exchange magnetic coupling,which is a key feature of the characteristic band structure of the system,remains experimentally *** electronic structure measured by using angle-resolved photoemission （ARPES） shows significant deviation from ab initio prediction and scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements,making it challenging to understand the transport results based on the electronic *** paper reviews the measurements of the band structure of MnBi2+2nTe4+3nmagnetic topological insulators using ARPES,focusing on the evolution of their electronic structures with temperature,surface and bulk doping and film *** aim of the review is to construct a unified picture of the electronic structure of MnBi2+2nTe4+3ncompounds and explore possible control of their topological properties.

关键词： magnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4 electronic structure angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy