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Differences between lower extremity joint running kinetics captured by marker-based and markerless systems were speed dependent

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第4期13卷 569-578页

作者： Hui Tang Barry Munkasy Li Li department of health Sciences and kinesiology Georgia Southern UniversityStatesboroGA 30458USA department of kinesiology and health Education University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

Background:The development of computer vision technology has enabled the use of markerless movement tracking for biomechanical *** research has reported the feasibility of markerless systems in motion analysis but has yet to fully explore their utility for capturing faster movements,such as *** studies using markerless systems in clinical and sports settings are still ***,the present study compared running biomechanics estimated by marker-based and markerless *** running speed not only affects sports performance but is also associated with clinical injury prevention,diagnosis,and rehabilitation,we aimed to investigate the effects of speed on the comparison of estimated lower extremity joint moments and powers between markerless and marker-based technologies during treadmill running as a concurrent validating ***:Kinematic data from marker-based/markerless technologies were collected,along with ground reaction force data,from 16 young adults running on an instrumented treadmill at 3 speeds:2.24 m/s,2.91 m/s,and 3.58 m/s(5.0 miles/h,6.5 miles/h,and 8.0 miles/h).Sagittal plane moments and powers of the hip,knee,and ankle were calculated by inverse dynamic *** series analysis and statistical parametric mapping were used to determine system ***:Compared to the marker-based system,the markerless system estimated increased lower extremity joint kinetics with faster speed during the swing phase in most ***:Despite the promising application of markerless technology in clinical settings,systematic markerless overestimation requires focused *** on segment pose estimations,the centers of mass estimated by markerless technologies were farther away from the relevant distal joint centers,which led to greater joint moments and powers estimates by markerless ***-based *** differences were amplified by running speed.

关键词： Biomechanics Motion capture Gait Statistical parametric mapping

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The influence of resistance exercise training prescription variables on skeletal muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy adults:An umbrella review

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第1期13卷 47-60页

作者： Jonathan C.Mcleod Brad S.Currier Caroline V.Lowisz Stuart M.Phillips department of kinesiology Faculty of ScienceMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S4L8Canada

Purpose:The aim of this umbrella review was to determine the impact of resistance training(RT)and individual RT prescription variables on muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy ***:Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines,we systematically searched and screened eligible systematic reviews reporting the effects of differing RT prescription variables on muscle mass(or its proxies),strength,and/or physical function in healthy adults aged>18 ***:We identified 44 systematic reviews that met our inclusion *** methodological quality of these reviews was assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews;standardized effectiveness statements were *** found that RT was consistently a potent stimulus for increasing skeletal muscle mass(4/4 reviews provide some or sufficient evidence),strength(4/6 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and physical function(1/1 review provided some evidence).RT load(6/8 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),weekly frequency(2/4 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),volume(3/7 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and exercise order(1/1 review provided some evidence)impacted RT-induced increases in muscular *** discovered that 2/3 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence that RT volume and contraction velocity influenced skeletal muscle mass,while 4/7 reviews provided insufficient evidence in favor of RT load impacting skeletal muscle *** was insufficient evidence to conclude that time of day,periodization,inter-set rest,set configuration,set end point,contraction velocity/time under tension,or exercise order(only pertaining to hypertrophy)influenced skeletal muscle adaptations.A paucity of data limited insights into the impact of RT prescription variables on physical ***:Overall,RT increased muscle mass,strength,and physical function compared to no ***

关键词： Hypertrophy Resistance training Resistance training prescription variables Strength Umbrella review

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There is more to the knee joint than just the quadriceps:A systematic review with meta-analysis and evidence gap map of hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology in individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第4期13卷 521-536页

作者： Helder S.Lopes Marina C.Waiteman Liliam B.Priore Neal R.Glaviano David M.Bazett-Jones Ronaldo V.Briani Fabio M.Azevedo School of Science and Technology Physical Therapy DepartmentSao Paulo State University(UNESP)Presidente Prudente 19060-900Brazil department of kinesiology College of AgricultureHealth and Natural ResourcesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA School of Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Health and Human ServicesUniversity of ToledoToledoOH 43606USA

Background:Impairments in hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology have been associated with altered knee biomechanics,pain,and *** the presence of these impairments in individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders is important and may indicate targets for assessment and *** systematic review aimed to synthesize the literature to determine the presence of impairments in hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology in individuals with gradual-onset knee ***:Five databases(MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,SPORTDiscus,and Web of Science)were searched from inception to September *** studies comparing hamstring outcomes(e.g.,strength,flexibility,and/or morphology)between individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders and their unaffected limbs or pain-free controls were ***-analyses for each knee disorder were ***-level certainty was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation,and evidence gap maps were ***:Seventy-nine studies across 4 different gradual-onset knee disorders(i.e.,knee osteoarthritis(OA),patellofemoral pain(PFP),chondromalacia patellae,and patellar tendinopathy)were *** with knee OA presented with reduced hamstring strength compared to pain-free controls during isometric(standard mean difference(SMD)=-0.76,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.32 to-0.21)and concentric contractions(SMD=-0.97,95%CI:-1.49 to-0.45).Individuals with PFP presented with reduced hamstring strength compared to painfree controls during isometric(SMD=-0.48,95%CI:-0.82 to-0.14),concentric(SMD=-1.07,95%CI:-2.08 to-0.06),and eccentric contractions(SMD=-0.59,95%CI:-0.97 to-0.21).No differences were observed in individuals with patellar *** with PFP presented with reduced hamstring flexibility when compared to pain-free controls(SMD=-0.76,95%CI:-1.15 to-0.36).Evidence gap maps identified insufficient evidence for chondromalacia patel

关键词： Chondromalacia patellae Knee flexors Knee osteoarthritis Patellar tendinopathy Patellofemoral pain

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The effectiveness of physical activity interventions on blood pressure in children and adolescents:A systematic review and network meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第5期13卷 699-708页

作者： Mohamed A.Hassan Wanjiang Zhou Mingyi Ye Hui He Zan Gao School of kinesiology University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMN 55455USA department of Methods and Curriculum Physical Education College for MenHelwan UniversityCairo 12552Egypt China Institute of Sport and health Science Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China department of kinesiology Recreationand Sport StudiesUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

Background:High blood pressure(BP)is a major contributor to mortality and cardiovascular *** the known benefits of exercise for reducing BP,it is crucial to identify the most effective physical activity(PA)*** systematic review and network meta-analysis(NMA)aimed to evaluate the available evidence on the effectiveness of various PA interventions for reducing BP and to determine their hierarchy based on their impact on ***:A search of PubMed,SPORTDiscus,PsycINFO,Web of Science,CINAHL,Cochrane,and Eric databases was conducted up to December 2022 for this systematic review and *** controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies targeting healthy children and adolescents aged 6-12 years old were included in this *** studies that compared controlled and intervention groups using PA or exercise as the major influence were *** followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)*** independent investigators performed the literature screening,data extraction,and risk of bias *** used Bayesian arm-based NMA to synthesize the *** primary outcomes were systolic BP and diastolic *** calculated the mean differences(MDs)in systolic BP and diastolic BP before and after *** treatment differences were estimated using NMA and random-effect ***:We synthesized 27 studies involving 15,220 children and *** combined with nutrition and behavior change was the most effective intervention for reducing both systolic BP and diastolic BP(MD=-8.64,95%credible interval(95%CI):-11.44 to-5.84;MD=-6.75,95%CI:-10.44 to-3.11),followed by interventions with multiple components(MD=-1.39,95%CI:-1.94 to-0.84;MD=-2.54,95%CI:-4.89 to-0.29).Conclusion:Our findings suggest that PA interventions incorporating nutrition and behavior change,followed by interventions with multiple components,are most effective for reducing both systolic BP and diastolic BP

关键词： Children Diastolic blood pressure Physical activity Systolic blood pressure

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Associations between health-related fitness and patient-reported symptoms in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第6期13卷 851-862页

作者： Ki-Yong An Fernanda Z.Arthuso Myriam Filion Spencer J.Allen Stephanie M.Ntoukas Gordon J.Bell Jessica McNeil Qinggang Wang Margaret L.McNeely Jeff K.Vallance Lin Yang S.Nicole Culos-Reed Leanne Dickau John R.Mackey Christine M.Friedenreich Kerry S.Courneya Faculty of kinesiology Sportand RecreationCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada department of kinesiology School of Health and Human SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at GreensboroGreensboroNC 27412USA department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Cancer Care AlbertaAlberta Health ServicesCalgary T2S 3C3Canada Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada Faculty of health Disciplines Athabasca UniversityAthabasca T9S 3A3Canada department of Oncology Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 4N1Canada Faculty of kinesiology University of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada

Background:Newly diagnosed breast cancer patients experience symptoms that may affect their quality of life,treatment outcomes,and *** and managing breast cancer-related symptoms soon after diagnosis is *** purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between health-related fitness(HRF)and patient-reported symptoms in newly diagnosed breast cancer ***:This study utilized baseline data from the Alberta Moving Beyond Breast Cancer Cohort Study that were collected within 90 days of *** measures included peak cardiopulmonary fitness(peak volume of oxygen consumption(VO_(2peak))),maximal muscular strength and endurance,flexibility,and body *** measures included depression,sleep quality,and *** multivariable logistic regression was performed for ***:Of 1458 participants,51.5%reported poor sleep quality,26.5%reported significant fatigue,and 10.4%reported moderate *** multivariable-adjusted models,lower relative VO_(2peak)was independently associated with a greater likelihood of all symptom measures,including moderate depression(p<0.001),poor sleep quality(p=0.009),significant fatigue(p=0.008),any symptom(p<0.001),and multiple symptoms(p<0.001).VO_(2peak)demonstrated threshold associations with all symptom measures such that all 3 lower quartiles exhibited similar elevated risk compared to the highest *** strength of the threshold associations varied by the symptom measure with odds ratios ranging from-1.5 for poor sleep quality to-3.0 for moderate depression and multiple ***,lower relative upper body muscular endurance was also independently associated with fatigue in a dose-response manner(p=0.001),and higher body weight was independently associated with poor sleep quality in an inverted U pattern(p=0.021).Conclusion:Relative VO_(2peak)appears to be a critical HRF component associated with multiple patient-reported symptoms in newly diag

关键词： Breast cancer Fatigue Depression Sleep quality Cardiorespiratory fitness

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Physical activity with or without dietary intervention for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第6期13卷 753-755页

作者： Carl J.Lavie Salvatore Carbone Leandro Slipczuk The John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute Ochsner Clinical Schoolthe University of Queensland School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70121USA department of kinesiology and health Sciences College of Humanities and SciencesVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA 23284USA Montefiore health System/Albert Einstein College of Medicine BronxNY 10461USA

We and others have published extensively on the benefits of physical activity(PA),exercise training,and cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)to decrease the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)and CVD and all-cause morbidity and mortality.^(1-5)Both PA and CRF are important;however,CRF,which is mostly obtained through PA,although there is a genetic component,seems to be even more important than PA for predicting prognosis.^(1,4-6)Certainly,the wealth of data from across the world has indicated that increasing PA to enhance CRF while mitigating sedentary behavior would go a long way to lessen the world-wide obesity epidemic and reduce CVD and all-cause mortality.

关键词： mortality prevention diseases

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Sex Determination in Homo sapiens as a Multi-Step Process: Potential for Development of Variants and Sex Differences in Disease Risk

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 13-34页

作者： David A. Hart department of Surgery Faculty of Kinesiology McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Health University of Calgary Cal-gary Canada

Reproduction via cis-binary mechanisms appears to have evolved fairly early in the evolution of complex organisms, and a system committed to prior to evolution of humans. While the evolution of a chromosomal-specific approach has been a successful strategy for survival of a large variety of species including humans, the fidelity of sex determination leading to 100% cis-binary outcomes is not achieved in many species, with evidence for homosexual or bisexual behaviour evident in more than 1500 species. Thus, such outcomes indicates that sex determination is a multi-step process and not a single event, and as such, could lead to the appearance of variants during the process which developed much earlier than humans. Variants could arise either due to intrinsic variation in the steps of determination, or also be influenced by environmental factors of a biological or psychological nature. In contrast to homosexual variants which do not require interventions such as hormone therapy or surgery, expression of gender dysphoria, is more based in psychology, but also has biological underpinnings and can be influenced by such hormonal interventions and surgery. While the numbers of those with gender dysphoria is small (~0.6% - 1.0% of population), the attention given to this issue raises the possibility of biological and psychological environmental factors impacting the emergence of some of those expressing gender dysphoria. Furthermore, transitioning from male-to-female or female-to-male can have consequences regarding disease risks latter in life, including the appearance of autoimmune diseases. This review will attempt to review some of the evidence regarding sex determination, discuss why the system has potentially not been improved upon during evolution, how a potential role for sex chromosome function on neurodevelopment may be central to variation in humans, and how commitment to the current strategy is likely integrated into other sex-related events such as puberty, pre

关键词： Sex Determination Variant Development Fidelity of Sex Determination Biological Sex Determination Species Variation

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A scoping review of methodologies for applying artificial intelligence to physical activity interventions

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第3期13卷 428-441页

作者： Ruopeng An Jing Shen Junjie Wang Yuyi Yang Brown School Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63130USA department of Physical Education China University of Geosciences BeijingBeijing 100083China School of kinesiology and health Promotion Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Division of Computational and Data Sciences Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63130USA

Purpose This scoping review aimed to offer researchers and practitioners an understanding of artificial intelligence(AI)applications in physical activity(PA)interventions;introduce them to prevalent machine learning(ML),deep learning(DL),and reinforcement learning(RL)algorithms;and encourage the adoption of AI *** A scoping review was performed in PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,and EBSCO focusing on AI applications for promoting PA or predicting related behavioral or health *** methodologies were summarized and categorized to identify synergies,patterns,and trends informing future ***,a concise primer on predominant AI methodologies within the realm of PA was provided to bolster understanding and broader *** The review included 24 studies that met the predetermined eligibility *** models were found effective in detecting significant patterns of PA behavior and associations between specific factors and intervention *** studies comparing AI models to traditional statistical approaches reported higher prediction accuracy for AI models on test *** of different AI models yielded mixed results,likely due to model performance being highly dependent on the dataset and *** increasing trend of adopting state-of-the-art DL and RL models over standard ML was observed,addressing complex human–machine communication,behavior modification,and decision-making *** key areas for future AI adoption in PA interventions emerged:personalized PA interventions,real-time monitoring and adaptation,integration of multimodal data sources,evaluation of intervention effectiveness,expanding access to PA interventions,and predicting and preventing *** The scoping review highlights the potential of AI methodologies for advancing PA *** the field progresses,staying informed and exploring emerging AI-driven strategies is essential for achieving significant improveme

关键词： Artificial intelligence Intervention Machine learning Neural network Physical activity

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Who could and should give exercise prescription:Physicians,exercise and health scientists,fitness trainers,or ChatGPT?

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第3期13卷 368-372页

作者： Weimo Zhu Wenguang Geng Lingling Huang Xiong Qin Zezhao Chen Hai Yan Yunnan Plateau Thermal health Industry Innovation Research Institute Tengchong 679100China department of kinesiology&Community health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA department of Physical Education Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China School of Sports Engineering Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Strength and Conditioning Training Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China

Benefits of exercise for personal health,as well as preventing and treating chronic diseases,have been well documented during the past several decades.1 Exercise prescription is a specialized field that involves assessing an individual’s health status,fitness level,and specific goals to create a tailored exercise program based often on the FITT-VP principle.

关键词： prescription diseases assessing

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Managing end-stage carcinoid heart disease:A case report and literature review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 1076-1083页

作者： Nikola Bulj Vedran Tomasic Maja Cigrovski Berkovic department of Cardiology University Hospital Centre“Sestre Milosrdnice“Zagreb 10000Croatia Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity Hospital Centre“Sestre Milosrdnice”Zagreb 10000Croatia department for Sport and Exercise Medicine University of Zagreb Faculty of KinesiologyZagreb 10000Croatia

BACKGROUND Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms(GEP-NENs)are rare tumors,often diagnosed in an advanced stage when curative treatment is impossible and grueling symptoms related to vasoactive substance release by tumor cells affect patients’quality of *** complications of GEP-NENs,primarily tricuspid and pulmonary valve disease,and right-sided heart failure,are the leading cause of death,even compared to metastatic *** SUMMARY We present a case of a 35-year-old patient with progressive dyspnea,back pain,polyneuropathic leg pain,and nocturnal diarrhea lasting for a decade before the diagnosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma of unknown primary with extensive liver *** the initial presentation,serum biomarkers were not evaluated,and the patient received five cycles of doxorubicin,which he did not tolerate well,so he refused further therapy and was lost to *** 10 years,he presented to the emergency room with signs and symptoms of right-sided heart *** markers,serum chromogranin A,and urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were extremely elevated(900 ng/mL and 2178µmol/L),and transabdominal ultrasound confirmed hepatic *** tomo-graphy(CT)showed liver metastases up to 6 cm in diameter and metastases in mesenteric lymph nodes and ***,an Octreoscan showed lesions in the heart,thoracic spine,duodenum,and ascendent colon.A standard trans-thoracic echocardiogram confirmed findings of carcinoid heart *** patient was not a candidate for valve *** started octreotide acetate treatment,and the dose escalated to 80 mg IM *** biochemical CONCLUSION Carcinoid heart disease occurs with carcinoid syndrome related to advanced neuroendocrine tumors,usually with liver metastases,which manifests as right-sided heart valve dysfunction leading to right-sided heart *** heart disease and tumor burden are major prognostic factors of poor surviva

关键词： Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms Carcinoid syndrome Carcinoid heart disease Diagnosis Treatment Case report

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