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Effects of grassland management, endophytic fungi and predators on aphid abundance in two distinct regions

Journal of Plant ecology 2014年第5期7卷 490-498页

作者： Carmen Börschig Alexandra-M.Klein Jochen Krauss Agroecology Department of Crop SciencesUniversity of GöttingenGrisebachstrasse 6D-37075 GöttingenGermany Ecosystem Functions Institute of EcologyUniversity of LüneburgScharnhorstrasse 1D-21335 LüneburgGermany Nature Conservation and Landscape ecology Institute of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacherstr.4D-79106 FreiburgGermany department of animal ecology and Tropical Biology University of WürzburgBiocentreAm HublandD-97074 WürzburgGermany

Aims Fungal endophytes of cool-season grass species produce alkaloids toxic to herbivores,affecting food webs in agricultural and natural *** studies about the effects of endophytes on herbi-vores are rare and show contradictory results,leading to uncertain conclusions about the nature of endophyte-grass *** asked whether the environmental contexts of local and regional scales and predation could modify the effects of endophytes on *** In a full factorial field experiment,we quantified the abundance of the aphid species Rhopalosiphum padi on the potted host grass Lolium perenne,which was either infected or uninfected with the endophytic fungus Neotyphodium *** were either excluded or had free access to the pots with the *** hun-dred and sixty grass pots were located in two regions on altogether 40 grassland sites,half of the sites intensively and half extensively *** tested the importance of endophyte infection,study region,management intensity of grasslands,predation and all two-way interactions on aphid *** Findings Endophyte infection reduced aphid abundance significantly in one study region *** both regions,we found that the impacts of aphidophagous predators and grassland management intensity on aphid abundance were substantially stronger and more consistent than that of endophytes on aphid *** excluding preda-tors and pots placed on extensive grasslands contained higher aphid *** impact of predators and management on aphid abundance were not modified by the *** conclude that the effect of endophytes on herbivores can be weak in field experi-ments and depends on environmental context at a regional ***,more field research efforts are necessary to detect the rela-tive importance of endophytes and the environmental context on biotic interactions in ecosystems.

关键词： bottom-up control microorganism multi-trophic interaction predator exclosure top-down control

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The global significance of biodiversity science in China:an overview

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National Science Review 2021年第7期8卷 34-58页

作者： Xiangcheng Mi Gang Feng Yibo Hu Jian Zhang Lei Chen Richard T.Corlett Alice C.Hughes Stuart Pimm Bernhard Schmid Suhua Shi Jens-Christian Svenning Keping Ma State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau and Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of grassland ecology School of Ecology and Environment Inner Mongolia University Key Laboratory of animal ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Conservation Biology Core Botanical Gardens Chinese Academy of Sciences Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University department of Geography Remote Sensing Laboratories University of Zurich State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE) and Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity Department of Biology Aarhus University University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Biodiversity science in China has seen rapid growth over recent decades, ranging from baseline biodiversity studies to understanding the processes behind evolution across dynamic regions such as the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. We review research, including species catalogues; biodiversity monitoring; the origins, distributions, maintenance and threats to biodiversity; biodiversity-related ecosystem function and services; and species and ecosystems’ responses to global change. Next, we identify priority topics and offer suggestions and priorities for future biodiversity research in China. These priorities include(i) the ecology and biogeography of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and surrounding mountains, and that of subtropical and tropical forests across China;(ii) marine and inland aquatic biodiversity; and(iii) effective conservation and management to identify and maintain synergies between biodiversity and socio-economic development to fulfil China’s vision for becoming an ecological civilization. In addition, we propose three future strategies:(i) translate advanced biodiversity science into practice for biodiversity conservation;(ii) strengthen capacity building and application of advanced technologies, including high-throughput sequencing, genomics and remote sensing; and(iii) strengthen and expand international *** on the recent rapid progress of biodiversity research, China is well positioned to become a global leader in biodiversity research in the near future.

关键词： biodiversity inventory biodiversity maintenance biodiversity monitoring biodiversity origins biodiversity-ecosystem functioning

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Environmental filtering is the main assembly rule of ground beetles in the forest and its edge but not in the adjacent grassland

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Insect Science 2019年第1期26卷 154-163页

作者： Tibor Magura Gabor L.Lovei department of ecology University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary department of Agroecology Flakkebjerg Research Centre Aarhus UniversitySlagelseDenmark

In a fragmented landscape,transitional zones between neighboring habitats are common,and our understanding of community organizational forces across such habitats is *** studies are numerous,but the majority of them utilize information on species richness and *** and taxonomic diversity,however,provide little information on the functioning and phylogeny of the co-existing *** the evaluation of their functional and phylogenetic relationships,we aimed to assess whether ground beetle assemblages are deterministically or stochastically structured along grassland-forest *** results showed different community assembly rules on opposite sides of the forest *** the grassland,co-occurring species were functionally and phylogenetically not different from the random null model,indicating a random assembly *** to this,at the forest edge and the interior,co-occurring species showed functional and phylogenetic clustering,thus environmental filtering was the likely process structuring carabid *** assembly in the grassland was considerably affected by asymmetrical species flows (spillover)across the forest edge:more forest species penetrated into the grassland than open-habitat and generalist species entered into the *** asymmetrical species flow underlines the importance of the filter function of forest *** unfavorable,human-induced changes to the structure,composition and characteristics of forest edges may alter their filter function,edges have to be specifically considered during conservation management.

关键词： asymmetrical species flow coexisting species functional features phylogeny random process traits

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Current plant diversity but not its soil legacy influences exotic plant invasion

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Journal of Plant ecology 2022年第3期15卷 639-649页

作者： Wei Xue Si-Mei Yao Lin Huang Sergio RRoiloa Bao-Ming Ji Fei-Hai Yu Institute of Wetland ecology&Clone ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Evolutionary ecology and Conservation Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000China BioCost Group Biology DepartmentUniversidade da CoruñaA Coruña 15071Spain School of grassland Science Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Current plant diversity can influence exotic plant invasion,but it is unclear whether there is a legacy effect of plant diversity on exotic plant *** plant diversity can affect soil microbial communities and physio-chemical properties,which may cascade to impact subsequent exotic plant growth,we hypothesize that the soil legacy effect of plant diversity can influence exotic plant *** conducted a plant–soil feedback *** the conditioning phase,we trained soils by monocultures of 12 plant species from three functional groups(4 grasses,3 legumes and 5 forbs)and mixtures of 8 randomly selected species with all three functional groups from this 12-species *** the test phase,we grew the invasive plant Bidens pilosa with a co-occurring native grass(Arthraxon hispidus),with a co-occurring native forb(Pterocypsela indica)or with both in each type of the conditioned *** performance of *** relative to its native competitors varied depending on the functional type of both conditioning plant species in the conditioning phase and competing plant species in the test *** of the conditioning plants did not influence the growth difference between *** and its native ***,increasing diversity of the competing plant species reduced the performance of *** relative to its native *** results suggest that current plant diversity can reduce exotic plant invasion through increasing growth inequality between invasive and native plants,but the soil legacy effect of plant diversity may have little impact on exotic plant invasion.

关键词： Bidens pilosa competitive balance diversity effect invasive plant plant–soil feedback

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Sensitivity of livelihood strategy to livestock production and marketization:An empirical analysis of grasslands in Inner Mongolia,China

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Regional Sustainability 2021年第4期2卷 363-374页

作者： Saheed Olaide JIMOH DING Wenqiang DONG Haibin BAI Haihua YIN Yanting LIU Huihui HOU Xiangyang grassland Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology and RestorationMinistry of AgricultureHohhot010010China department of Pasture and Range Management College of Animal Science and Livestock ProductionFederal University of AgricultureAbeokuta23439Nigeria Agriculture Research Group Organization of African Academic Doctors(O-AAD)Nairobi25305-00100Kenya The Party School of the Communist Party of China Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Party CommitteeNingxia Administration InstituteYinchuan750021China College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730020China grassland College Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu030801China

Recent researches have primarily focused on the relationship between livelihood strategies and livelihood capital,with few empirical studies on the sensitivity of livelihood strategies to livestock production and marketization in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of *** study used an income distribution approach to categorize livelihood strategies of the respondents(n=394)into three types,i.e.,herder livelihood strategy(LS1),petty-herder livelihood strategy(LS2),and non-herder livelihood strategy(LS3).Using the multinomial logistic regression model,we compared livestock production and marketization across the three livelihood *** findings showed that(1)livestock production and marketization tended to favor LS1;(2)an increase in the land asset(contracted and rented grassland)and off-take rate increased the probability of households choosing LS1;(3)stocking rate was higher for LS1;and(4)the higher critical market-related risks perceived by herders were animal price and hay and corn ***,higher livestock price acted as a deterrent to diversifying into other livelihood strategies(LS2 and LS3).Finally,this study advocates for policies that will promote the land transfer market,adopt modern techniques in animal husbandry,improve the medium for disseminating market information to herders,and provide incentives for long-term livelihood transformation.

关键词： Livelihood strategy Livestock production Marketization Livelihood diversification grassland Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

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Plant functional groups mediate effects of climate and soil factors on species richness and community biomass in grasslands of Mongolian Plateau

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Journal of Plant ecology 2021年第4期14卷 679-691页

作者： Zijing Li Maowei Liang Zhiyong Li Pierre Mariotte Xuze Tong Jinghui Zhang Lei Dong Ying Zheng Wenhong Ma Liqing Zhao Lixin Wang Lu Wen Indree Tuvshintogtokh Elise S.Gornish Zhenhua Dang Cunzhu Liang Frank Yonghong Li department of grassland Science Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Forage CultivationProcessing and High Efficient Utilization of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Management and UtilizationCollege of GrasslandResources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010011China department of ecology Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau&Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland EcologySchool of Ecology and EnvironmentInner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China department of ecology Institute of EcologyCollege of Urban and Environmental ScienceKey Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Grazing Systems AgroscopeGrazing Systems GroupRoute de Duillier 501260 NyonSwitzerland Laboratory of grassland Ecological Remote Sensing Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Institute of General and Experimental Biology Mongolian Academy of SciencesUlaanbaatar 51Mongolia School of Natural Resources and the Environment The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

Aims Functional group composition of a plant community is mainly driven by environmental factors and is one of the main determinants of grassland biodiversity and ***,it is important to understand the role of plant functional groups(PFGs)in mediating the impact of environmental conditions on ecosystem functions and *** We measured plant biomass and species richness(SR)of grasslands in 65 sites on the Mongolian Plateau and classified 157 perennial herbaceous plants into two main PFGs(namely grasses and forbs).Using the random forest model and ordinary least squares regression,we identified that environmental factors(*** index,soil total nitrogen[STN]and pH)were significantly related to the SR and aboveground biomass(AGB)of *** then used structural equation modeling to explore the relationship between the identified environmental factors and community SR and biomass,and the role of PFGs in driving this *** Findings We found that aridity index had unimodal relationships with both AGB and SR of the PFGs and the whole *** SR and biomass metrics were significantly related to STN and *** relationship between aridity index and community biomass was mediated by an increase in the AGB of *** influence of STN and pH on community SR was mainly due to their regulation in the SR of *** results indicate that community composition and the identity of the PFGs play a key role in linking environmental factors to ecosystem functioning.

关键词： climate community composition plant functional groups Mongolian Plateau soil properties

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Leaf and Ecosystem Gas Exchange Responses of Buffel Grass-Dominated grassland to Summer Precipitation

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Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 112-123页

作者： Mir Zaman HUSSAIN Gnaana SARASWATHI Chhakchhuak LALRAMMAWIA Dennis OTIENO Kailash PALIWAL John TENHUNEN department of Plant ecology University of Bayreuth Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois department of Plant Sciences Madurai Kamaraj University

Sporadic rain events that occur during summer play an important role in the initiation of biological activity of semi-arid *** understand how ecosystem processes of a buffel grass(Cenchrus ciliaris L.)-dominated grassland respond to summer rain events,an LI 6 400 gas exchange system was used to measure the leaf gas exchange and plant canopy chambers were used to measure net ecosystem CO2exchange(NEE) and ecosystem respiration(Reco), which were made sequentially during periods before rain(dry) and after rain(wet). Gross ecosystem photosynthesis(GEP) was estimated from NEE and Reco fluxes, and light use efficiency parameters were estimated using a rectangular hyperbola model. Prior to the monsoon rain, grassland biomass was non-green and dry exhibiting positive NEE(carbon source) and low GEP values during which the soil water became increasingly scarce. An initial rain pulse(60 mm) increased the NEE from pre-monsoon levels to negative NEE(carbon gain) with markedly higher GEP and increased green biomass. The leaf photosynthesis and leaf stomatal conductance were also improved substantially. The maximum net CO2uptake(i.e.,negative NEE) was sustained in the subsequent period due to multiple rain events. As a result, the grassland acted as a net carbon sink for 20 d after first rain. With cessation of rain(drying cycle), net CO2 uptake was reduced to lower values. High sensitivity of this grassland to rain suggests that any decrease in precipitation in summer may likely affect the carbon sequestration of the semiarid ecosystem.

关键词： biomass CO2 exchange photosynthesis respiration soil moisture stomatal conductance

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Estimation of Economic and Ecological Value of Raising Sheep in Pastoral Area

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Asian Agricultural Research 2020年第6期12卷 4-8,12页

作者： Zenghai LUO Shengzhen HOU Zhiyou WANG Yuchun XIN Huakun ZHOU Guiying YUAN General Station of animal husbandry of Qinghai Province Xining 810001 China Qinghai University Xining 810016 China General Station of grassland of Qinghai Province Xining 810001 China Key Laboratory of Restoration ecology in Cold Region of Qinghai Province Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining 810008 China

Tibetan sheep is a unique breed of livestock in Alpine pastoral areas,which is one of the main economic pillars of animal husbandry in pastoral areas,in order to analyze and compare the estimated the economic and ecological benefits of Tibetan sheep under different feeding modes,this paper used a simplified model from multiple angles of animal production,economics and ecology,The results show that:(i)Under the traditional grazing condition,the annual income of raising one ewe is only 23.4 yuan;(ii)Under the high-efficiency breeding mode,the average income of ewes bred by high-efficiency technology was 168 yuan/(head·year),which was 7 times higher than that of ewes under traditional grazing;each lamb could produce an indirect economic benefit of 500 yuan;(iii)The ecosystem service value affected by each Tibetan sheep through grassland was above 150000 yuan.

关键词： Tibetan sheep Alpine pastoral area Traditional grazing Ecological value

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Phylogenetic conservatism in threatened species responses to climate change differs between functional types in the Gongga Mountains of China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第12期20卷 3568-3581页

作者： ZU Kui-ling Nawal SHRESTHA JIANG Yong JIA Guo-qing PENG Shi-jia ZHU Xiang-yun WANG Zhi-heng Key Laboratory of National Forestry and grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China Institute of ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and grassland Agro-ecosystems College of EcologyLanzhou UniversityGansuLanzhou 730000China Administration of Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve Kangding 626000China

Climate change has become one of the most critical threats to global ***,whether phylogenetically related species respond to climate change in similar ways remains *** answer to this question is crucial for understanding the impacts of climate change and the conservation on the tree of *** integrating species distribution models with a molecular phylogeny of 50 threatened plant species from one of the global biodiversity hotspots,Gongga Mountains(***)in southwest China,we evaluated the responses of threatened plant species to future climate change,and estimated whether species responses are phylogenetically *** reconstruction was used to calculate the phylogenetic distance and null model to verify the reliability of the *** found that correlations between responses of different species to future climate change decreased with the increase in their phylogenetic distance in the monocotyledonous or herbaceous species,but not in the dicotyledonous and woody *** results suggested that the responses of herbaceous and monocotyledonous threatened species in *** to future climate change tend to be phylogenetically conserved,while the responses of woody and dicotyledonous threatened species are *** study provides evidence for the existence of phylogenetically non-random extinction in the monocotyledonous herbs in *** and highlights the importance of integrating phylogenetic information and evolutionary history into conservation *** also provide theoretical basis and technical support for designing effective conservation schemes for the protection of biodiversity under anthropogenic climate change.

关键词： Conservation strategies Climate suitability Mountain plants Phylogenetic distance Species distribution models

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Distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon and nitrogen in farmland and adjacent natural grassland in Tibet

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2016年第1期9卷 135-145页

作者： Liu Heman Cao Lihua Xu Changchang Yang Hong Li Baoguo College of Resources and Environment China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100093China Research Center of Climate Change and Material Cycle of Pedosphere of Tibet Pleateau Agricultural and Animal Husbandry CollegeTibet UniversityLinzhi 860000China

Land-use significantly affects soil organic carbon(SOC)and nitrogen cycling,eventually leading to global climate *** cold and arid climate conditions in Tibet are not conducive to transformation of SOC and ***,research on SOC and nitrogen distribution under different land-use patterns in Tibet is an important basis to assess the soil carbon and nitrogen potential in the land ecosystem of this *** study aims to explain the effects of two land-use patterns,namely,farmland and grassland,on SOC and nitrogen contents in the cold regions of *** study also seeks to provide a scientific basis for the agricultural and grass production *** achieve these goals,the changing features of total nitrogen(TN),mineralized nitrogen(nitrate nitrogen(NN)and ammonium nitrogen(AN)),and SOC were analyzed in different soil depths(0-5,5-10,10-20,20-30,30-40,and 40-50 cm)in farmland and adjacent natural *** differences in carbon and nitrogen contents between the farmland and grassland of the main agricultural area of Tibet were determined through combined field survey and lab *** showed that the contents of SOC,TN and mineralized nitrogen in the grassland and farmland decreased with increasing soil depth mainly in the surface with depth of 0-20 *** effects of the different land-use patterns on the contents of SOC and TN were primarily evident in the 0-10 cm surface *** contents of SOC and TN in the farmland were significantly lower than those in the grassland,with mean reduction by 28.36%for SOC and 20.76%for *** the soil layer is deeper than 10 cm,the contents of SOC and TN in the farmland were greater than those in the *** finding indicated that the transformation from grassland to farmland in Tibet mainly influenced the SOC and TN in the 0-10 cm surface ***,the results showed that the increment of carbon in the deep soil layers of the farmland partially offsets the SOC loss from the surface becau

关键词： Tibet farmland grassland soil organic carbon soil total nitrogen nitrate nitrogen ammonium nitrogen

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