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Doline susceptibility mapping using multisource data in the karst aquifers of Saldaran mountain,High Zagros Belt

Journal of Mountain science 2025年第2期22卷 422-435页

作者： Peyman MOHAMMADI-AHMADMAHMOUDI Somaiyeh KHALEGHI Mohsen EHTESHAMI-MOINABADI department of Physical geography Faculty of Earth SciencesShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran department of Sedimentary Basins and Petroleum Faculty of Earth SciencesShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

Doline susceptibility mapping(DSM)in karst aquifer is important in terms of estimating the vulnerability of the aquifer to pollutants,estimating the infiltration rate,and infrastructures exposed to the development of *** this research,doline susceptibility map was prepared in Saldaran mountain by generalized linear model(GLM)using 14 affecting parameters extracted from satellite images,digital elevation model,and geology *** 8 parameters have been inputted to the model which had correlation with *** this regards,306 dolines were identified by the photogrammetric Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV)method in 600 hectares of Salderan lands and then,these data were divided into the training(70%)and testing(30%)data for *** results of DSM modeling showed that classified probability of doline occurrences in the Saldaran mountain were as follow:16.5%of the area high to very high,72%in the class of low to very low,and 5%in the moderate ***,locally,in Saldaran mountain,the Pirghar aquifer has the highest potential for the doline development,followed by Bagh Rostam and Sarab ***,the precipitation,digital elevation model,Topographic Position Index,drainage density,slope,TRASP(transformed the circular aspect to a radiation index),Snow-Covered Days and vegetation cover index are of highest importance in the DSM modeling,*** evaluation of the model using the Receiver Operating Characteristics(ROC)curve represents a very good accuracy(AUC=0.953)of the DSM model.

关键词： Doline susceptibility mapping UAV photogrammetry Karst aquifers Generalized linear model(GLM) High Zagros Belt

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Economic effect of China's carbon neutrality target under shared socioeconomic pathways

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science China earth sciences 2025年第1期68卷 142-157页

作者： Zemiao LIU Xianjin HUANG Xinxian QI School of geography and Ocean science Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutrality and Territory Optimization Ministry of Natural ResourcesNanjing210023China Frontiers science Center for Critical earth Material Cycling Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China

Economic feasibility is crucial for achieving the carbon neutrality ***,current integrated assessments often underestimate the economic impacts of mitigation policies due to the lack of consideration of their economic *** study integrates a warming-labour productivity model with a typical integrated assessment model using shared socioeconomic *** simulates China's economic development and carbon emission levels under both baseline and carbon-neutral policy scenarios,evaluating the economic costs and benefits of emission reduction policies aimed at achieving carbon *** findings reveal the following:(1)The economic costs of emission reduction policies are projected to peak between 2050 and 2060,ranging from 0.41%to 9.37%of total GDP in the baseline scenario,primarily due to increased energy prices and R&D *** costs are expected to decline rapidly after 2070.(2)China's carbon-neutral policies will mitigate global warming,with the economic benefits of mitigation projected to reach 5.65%to 17.24%of China's total GDP by 2100.(3)Lowcarbon scenarios SSP1 and SSP4 could significantly reduce initial economic costs and advance the onset of net economic gains to *** integrated assessment confirms that China's carbon neutrality target offers substantial net economic benefits in the long *** minimize initial economic costs,efforts should focus on enhancing consumption-side transitions,upgrading lowcarbon technologies,and adopting new energy sources.

关键词： Climate change China Carbon neutrality Economic effects Policy

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Estimating Isochrone Map Uncertainty for an Individual Cycle Commuter at Okanagan College, Kelowna, British Columbia, and Its Impact on Available Housing Choice

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2025年第1期15卷 75-94页

作者： Markus Heinrichs department of geography and earth & Environmental science Okanagan College Kelowna British Columbia Canada

Identification of variables that influence differences between predicted and observed cycling times for one cyclist commuting to Okanagan College (OC) was performed using principal components analysis. These data were used to create a personalized predictive time algorithm, which was subsequently applied in an isochrone map format centered on OC. A 29% difference in the area within the 20-minute commuting time was estimated, suggesting that potential residential location choices made with inaccurate isochrone maps are inaccurate. A comparison with an isochron cycling map for Trinity College Dublin was made to emphasise differences in the impact/implications of this type of map in the promotion of sustainable transportation for a post-secondary institution. It is determined that these maps may misinform new community members as to areas of residential location choice.

关键词： Principal Components Analysis Cartography Residential Choice Bicycle Campus Sustainability Planning

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Different mechanisms of Eurasian snow cover on precipitation during the early and late pre-rainy season in South China

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science China earth sciences 2025年第3期68卷 882-897页

作者： Zhixiang XIAO Anmin DUAN Yuhang CHEN Chen WEI Xiaoli LUO School of geography and Planning Nanning Normal University State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Guangxi Climate Center

The interannual variability in precipitation during the pre-rainy season(PRS) in South China is significantly correlated with Eurasian snow cover. This study elucidates the distinct mechanisms by which Eurasian snow cover anomalies in March influence precipitation during the early(pre-monsoon) and late(post-monsoon) PRS. In the early PRS, anomalous snow cover in the western region of Eastern Europe(WEE) triggers a southeastward-propagating wave train that impacts Central *** teleconnection pattern induces anomalous cyclonic circulation in Central Asia, which reinforces the midlatitude zonal wind,contributing to the zonal wind wave train pattern towards East Asia. As a result, the East Asian subtropical westerly jet and the western North Pacific subtropical high are enhanced, and the related upper-level divergence, ascending motion, and moisture convergence in South China are intensified, collectively promoting precipitation there. In contrast, during the late PRS, increased snow cover across the eastern sector of Eastern Europe(EEE) and the region east of Lake Baikal(ELB) inhibit South China's precipitation. The wave pattern associated with the EEE(ELB) snow anomaly propagates southeastwards(southwards) to lower latitudes, intensifying the western North Pacific subtropical high. Furthermore, the perturbation stemming from the ELB region induces negative geopotential height anomalies aloft and amplifies the baroclinic anticyclone over the western Pacific. This resulted in prevailing subsidence over South China, which in turn suppresses precipitation during the late PRS. Numerical experiments corroborate the observed circulation adjustments and precipitation responses to snow cover anomalies in the two periods, lending credence to the proposed mechanisms.

关键词： Eurasian snow cover Pre-rainy season South China Wave train

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Unsupervised Meteorological Downscaling Based on Dual Learning and Subgrid-scale Auxiliary Information

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2025年第1期42卷 53-66页

作者： Jing HU Jialing MU Xiaomeng HUANG Xi WU department of Computer science Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China department of earth System science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System ModelingInstitute for Global Change StudiesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Climate downscaling is used to transform large-scale meteorological data into small-scale data with enhanced detail,which finds wide applications in climate modeling,numerical weather forecasting,and renewable *** deeplearning-based downscaling methods effectively capture the complex nonlinear mapping between meteorological data of varying scales,the supervised deep-learning-based downscaling methods suffer from insufficient high-resolution data in practice,and unsupervised methods struggle with accurately inferring small-scale specifics from limited large-scale inputs due to small-scale *** article presents DualDS,a dual-learning framework utilizing a Generative Adversarial Network–based neural network and subgrid-scale auxiliary information for climate *** a learning method is unified in a two-stream framework through up-and downsamplers,where the downsampler is used to simulate the information loss process during the upscaling,and the upsampler is used to reconstruct lost details and correct errors incurred during the *** dual learning strategy can eliminate the dependence on high-resolution ground truth data in the training process and refine the downscaling results by constraining the mapping *** findings demonstrate that DualDS is comparable to several state-of-the-art deep learning downscaling approaches,both qualitatively and ***,for a single surface-temperature data downscaling task,our method is comparable with other unsupervised algorithms with the same dataset,and we can achieve a 0.469 dB higher peak signal-to-noise ratio,0.017 higher structural similarity,0.08 lower RMSE,and the best correlation *** summary,this paper presents a novel approach to addressing small-scale uncertainty issues in unsupervised downscaling processes.

关键词： downscaling unsupervised deep learning dual learning auxiliary information

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Resilient satellite-based PNT system design and key technologies

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science China earth sciences 2025年第3期68卷 669-682页

作者： Yuanxi YANG Zheng YAO Yue MAO Tianhe XU Dixing WANG Key Laboratory of Smart earth Xi'an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University School of Space science and Technology Shandong University

Satellite-based positioning navigation and timing(PNT) system is the most fundamental and convenient application system in PNT fields now and in the future, thus the satellite-based PNT service system should be more and more robust, reliable and easy to be applied. Aiming at the weak service performance of the existing BeiDou constellation in the Antarctic and Arctic regions and the possible discontinuous problems in the autonomous orbit determination using BeiDou terminals on board of low earth orbit(LEO) satellites, we propose a scheme to optimize the BeiDou constellation configuration. A relatively optimized deep space PNT service constellation is designed in order to overcome the weak service capability of the BeiDou navigation constellation in deep space. We find that more satellites in the same orbital plane have better positioning geometry than increasing the number of constellation orbital planes. Furthermore, the idea of resilient satellite-based PNT service mode combining deep, high, medium, and low earth orbit navigation constellations is proposed, in order to improve the service capability of multi navigation constellations. To strengthen the satellite PNT service ability, the resilient strategies of on-board phased array antenna, on-board atomic clocks and satellite signal generator are proposed, in which the adaptively possible adjustment of signal power, signal frequency, signal modulation waveform and information format are discussed. Some examples to demonstrate the resilient satellite-based PNT application modes are given.

关键词： BeiDou navigation constellation Resilient navigation constellation Resilient PNT service Resilient signal modulation Adaptive signal power

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Exhumation and Preservation of the Yangchuling Porphyry W-Mo Deposit in the Jiangnan Tungsten Ore Belt,South China:Insights from(U-Th)/He and Fission Track Dating

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Journal of earth science 2025年第1期36卷 46-56页

作者： Yue Sun Ying Wang Jianzhang Pang Samuel C.Boone Minting Wu Chongjian Shao Wei Liu Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Genesis and Prospect for Strategic Minerals School of Earth ScienceEast China University of TechnologyNanchang330013China Institute of Geology China earthquake Administration Beijing100029China School of geography earth and Atmospheric sciences The University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC3010Australia department of earth sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA5005Australia Jiangxi DuChang JinDing Tungsten CO. Ltd.Jiujiang332611China

The Yangchuling porphyry W-Mo deposit(YPWD),located in the Jiangnan porphyryskarn tungsten ore belt,is one of the most important and large-scale porphyry W-Mo deposits in South *** previous zircon U-Pb and molybdenite Re-Os data suggest that Yangchuling WMo ore bodies formed almost simultaneously with granodiorite and monzogranitic porphyry at~150–144 Ma,their post emplacement history remains poorly understood,making their preservation status at depth *** this paper,new zircon and apatite(U-Th)/He and apatite fission track(ZHe,AHe and AFT,respectively)data of one hornfels and five intrusive rocks from a 1000-meter borehole are ***,together with new inverse thermal history models and previous geochronological data,help elucidate the post-diagenetic exhumation history and preservation status of the Yangchuling porphyry W-Mo *** general,ZHe and AHe ages decrease gradually from the near surface downwards and have relatively little intra-sample variation,ranging from 133 to 73Ma and 67 to 25 Ma,*** four granodiorites yield similar AFT ages that range from 63 to 55 Ma with mean track lengths varying from 12.2±0.7 to 12.6±0.5μ*** history modelling indicates that the Yangchuling ore district experienced slow,monotonic cooling since the ***-depth relationships are interpreted as recording~3.7±0.8 km of Cretaceous-recent exhumation in response to regional extension throughout South China thought to have been driven by subduction retreat of the Paleo-Pacific *** of estimated net exhumation and previous metallogenic depth of~4–5 km suggests that W-Mo ore bodies could still exist at depths of up to~1.3±0.8 km relative to earth surface in the YPWD *** of the YPWD is attributed to the limited amount of regional denudation during the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic.

关键词： (U-Th)/He fission track ore preservation thermochronology Yangchuling porphyry W-Mo deposit

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An investigation on the wind profiles and gravity wave dynamics in MLT region based on the meteor radars from the Meridian Project

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earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 29-38页

作者： Tai Liu Zhe Wang MengXi Shi Willie Soon ShiCan Qiu department of Geophysics College of the Geology Engineering and GeomaticsChang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China Center for Environmental Research and earth sciences(CERES) SalemMA 01970USA Institute of earth Physics and Space science(ELKH EPSS) 9400SopronHungary

The meteor radar can detect the zenith angle,azimuth,radial velocity,and altitude of meteor trails so that one can invert the wind profiles in the mesosphere and low thermosphere(MLT)region,based on the Interferometric and Doppler *** this paper,the horizontal wind field,gravity wave(GW)disturbance variance,and GW fluxes are analyzed through the meteor radar observation from 2012−2022,at Mohe(53.5°N,122.4°E)and Zuoling(30.5°N,114.6°E)stations of the(Chinese)Meridian *** Lomb−Scargle periodogram method has been utilized to analyze the periodic variations for time series with observational data *** results show that the zonal winds at both stations are eastward dominated,while the meridional winds are southward *** variance of GW disturbances in the zonal and meridional directions increases gradually with height,and there is a strong pattern of annual *** zonal momentum flux of GW changes little with height,showing weak annual *** meridional GW flux varies gradually from northward to southward with height,and the annual periodicity is *** both stations,the maximum values of zonal and meridional wind occur close to the peak heights of GW flux,with opposite *** observational evidence is consistent with the filtering *** horizontal wind velocity,GW flux,and disturbance variance of the GW at Mohe are overall smaller than those at Zuoling,indicating weaker activities in the MLT at *** power spectral density(PSD)calculated by the Lomb−Scargle periodogram shows that there are 12-month period and 6-month period in horizontal wind field,GW disturbance variance and GW flux at both stations,and especially there is also a 4-month cycle in the disturbance *** PSD of the 12-month and 6-month cycles exhibits maximum values below 88 km and above 94 km.

关键词： meteor radar wind field gravity wave Lomb−Scargle method

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Paleomapping:Creating testable visual hypotheses of ancient worlds

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2025年第01期14卷 91-104页

作者： Holger Petermann Annaka M.Clement Patrick M.Sullivan Hannah M.Bonner James W.Hagadorn department of earth and Space sciences Denver Museum of Nature & Science Colorado School of Mines Department of Geology and Geologic Engineering Division of Water Quality Utah Department of Environmental Quality

The story of the earth's changing landscapes is often told through paleogeographic maps. These images are some of the most accessible and widely used illustrations in the earth sciences. However, no formal procedure for the creation of photorealistic paleomaps(i.e., paleosatellite images) exists. Using an example from the Late Jurassic of the Rocky Mountain region, we present a method for making paleoenvironmental and paleosatellite maps that is scalable, reproducible, testable, and incorporates peer review. The process includes a literature review followed by data-visualization, paleoenvironmental interpretation, peer-review,iterative revisions, and the creation of a false contour map and color gradient used to render a paleosatellite image. Paleosatellite images are photorealistic versions of paleoenvironmental maps that incorporate global climatic and tectonic information as well as principles of actualism; they can be made through comparison to analogous modern landscapes. An important component of this process is that the data maps that ground this paleomapping process allow evaluation of where paleoenvironmental interpretations are wellsupported by outcrop and subsurface data, and where such visualization is highly interpretive-often because of lack of available rocks or studies in a given area. As such, our paleoenvironmental maps and paleosatellite images are testable pictorial hypotheses. By outlining a procedure that produces referenced,data-rich, and visually realistic maps, we hope to demystify the paleoenvironmental map-making process and improve accessibility of paleomaps for the broader geoscience community. Where resources and complementary data are available, such maps also have potential for georeferencing and integration with larger continent-scale paleogeographic maps.

关键词： Ancient landscapes Cartography Paleogeography Paleoenvironments Jurassic

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Land use/cover change and ecological network in Gansu Province,China during 2000-2020 and their simulations in 2050

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Journal of Arid Land 2025年第1期17卷 43-57页

作者： MA Xinshu XIN Cunlin CHEN Ning XIN Shunjie CHEN Hongxiang ZHANG Bo KANG Ligang WANG Yu JIAO Jirong College of geography and Environmental science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China College of earth and Environment science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730030China School of Architecture and Urban Planning Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China

Land use/cover change(LUCC)constitutes the spatial and temporal patterns of ecological security,and the construction of ecological networks is an effective way to ensure ecological *** the spatial and temporal change characteristics of ecological network and analyzing the integrated relationship between LUCC and ecological security are crucial for ensuring regional ecological *** is one of the provinces with fragile ecological environment in China,and rapid changes in land use patterns in recent decades have threatened ecological ***,taking Gansu Province as the study area,this study simulated its land use pattern in 2050 using patch-generating land use simulation(PLUS)model based on the LUCC trend from 2000 to 2020 and integrated the LUCC into morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)to identify ecological sources and extract the ecological corridors to construct ecological network using circuit *** results revealed that,according to the prediction results in 2050,the areas of cultivated land,forest land,grassland,water body,construction land,and unused land would be 63,447.52,39,510.80,148,115.18,4605.21,8368.89,and 161,752.40 km^(2),*** number of ecological sources in Gansu Province would increase to 80,with a total area of 99,927.18 km^(2).The number of ecological corridors would increase to 191,with an estimated total length of 6120.66 *** ecological sources and ecological corridors showed a sparse distribution in the northwest and dense distribution in the southeast of the province at the spatial *** number of ecological pinch points would reach 312 and the total area would expect to increase to 842.84 km^(2),with the most pronounced increase in the Longdong *** with 2020,the number and area of ecological barriers in 2050 would decrease significantly by 63 and 370.71 km^(2),*** general,based on the prediction results,the connectivity of ecological network of Gansu

关键词： patch-generating land use simulation(PLUS)model morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA) circuit theory ecological source ecological resistance surface ecological corridor ecological pinch point

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