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Hydraulic properties and drought response of a tropical bamboo (Cephalostachyum pergracile)

Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 406-415页

作者： Wanwalee Kongjarat Lu Han Amy Ny Aina Aritsara Shu-Bin Zhang Gao-Juan Zhao Yong-Jiang Zhang Phisamai Maenpuen Ying-Mei Li Yi-Ke Zou Ming-Yi Li Xue-Nan Li Lian-Bin Tao Ya-Jun Chen CAS Key Laboratory of tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesYunnan 666303China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China T-STAR Core Team Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesYunnan 666303China School of Biology and Ecology University of MaineOronoMEUSA Climate Change Institute University of MaineOronoME 04469USA School of Biological and Chemical Science Pu’er UniversityXueyuan RoadYunnan 665000China Institute of Ecology and Geobotany School of Ecology and Environmental SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan 650091China School of Ecology and Environment Southwest Forestry UniversityKunmingYunnan 650224China Yuanjiang Savanna Ecosystem Research Station Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesYuanjiangYunnan 653300China

Bamboo plants are an essential component of tropical ecosystems,yet their vulnerability to climate extremes,such as drought,is poorly understood due to limited knowledge of their hydraulic *** pergracile,a commonly used tropical bamboo species,exhibited a substantially higher mortality rate than other co-occurring bamboos during a severe drought event in 2019,but the underlying mechanisms remain *** study investigated the leaf and stem hydraulic traits related to drought responses,including leaf-stem embolism resistance(P50leaf;P50stem) estimated using optical and X-ray microtomography methods,leaf pressure-volume and water-releasing ***,we investigated the seasonal water potentials,native embolism level(PLC) and xylem water source using stable *** found that *** exhibited strong resistance to embolism,showing low P50leaf,P50stem,and turgor loss point,despite its rapid leaf water ***,its leaves displayed greater resistance to embolism than its stem,suggesting a lack of effective hydraulic vulnerability segmentation(HVS) to protect the stem from excessive xylem *** the dry season,approximately 49% of the water was absorbed from the upper 20-cm-deep soil ***,significant diurnal variation in leaf water potentials and an increase in midday PLC from 5.87±2.33% in the wet season to 12.87±4.09%in the dry season were *** summary,this study demonstrated that the rapid leaf water loss,high reliance on surface water,and a lack of effective HVS in *** accelerated water depletion and increased xylem embolism even in the typical dry season,which may explain its high mortality rate during extreme drought events in 2019.

关键词： Climate change Drought Hydraulic safety Hydraulic vulnerability segmentation Stable isotope Tree mortality

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Vegetation changes across the Eocene-Oligocene transition:Global signals vs. regional development

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2937-2952页

作者： Mengxiao WU Lutz KUNZMANN Shufeng LI Vasilis TEODORIDIS Zhekun ZHOU Tao SU CAS Key Laboratory of tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of Sciences Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden department of Biology and Environmental Studies Faculty of EducationCharles University State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu University of Technology Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of Technology

The Eocene-Oligocene transition(EOT) marked a rapid global cooling event, often considered as the beginning of the modern icehouse world. Influenced by various factors, including tectonic activity and paleogeographic settings, the terrestrial records indicate a diverse response of fauna and vegetation to this global event. We examined nine macrofossil assemblages from seven fossil localities on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and from the mid-latitudinal Europe ranging from the latest Bartonian and Priabonian(37.71–33.9 Ma) to the Rupelian(33.9–27.82 Ma). Our aims were to trace and compare the vegetation history of both regions in the late Eocene and early Oligocene. The results show that both regions experienced changes in vegetation composition in response to climate change, characterized by a decrease in the percentages of broad-leaved evergreen elements and distinctive changes in general vegetation types. A general change in the overall vegetation type from subtropical broad-leaved evergreen forests in the late Eocene to temperate broad-leaved mixed deciduous evergreen forests, or mixed mesophytic forests, in the early Oligocene is recognized in both regions. The results indicate a clear change in leaf architecture, leaf margin states, and secondary venation types in the mid-latitudinal Europe, while the results from the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau show a distinct reduction in leaf size. Our data suggest that both global and regional factors played key roles in shaping the vegetation in the two regions.

关键词： Eocene-Oligocene transition Plant fossil Paleoclimate Leaf architecture Biodiversity

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Ferritin and mortality in hemodialysis patients with COVID-19:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical medicine 2024年第1期17卷 4-11页

作者： Ni Wayan Anantika Riani I Gde Raka Widiana Yenny Kandarini Nephrology Division Department of Internal MedicineUdayana University/Udayana University HospitalBaliIndonesia Nephrology Division Department of Internal MedicineUdayana University/Prof.Dr.I.G.N.G.Ngoerah General HospitalBaliIndonesia

Objective:To investigate the difference in serum ferritin levels between deceased and surviving regular hemodialysis patients with ***:We conducted a systematic search across four databases following the PRISMA statement *** reporting ferritin levels and mortality of regular hemodialysis patients with COVID-19 were *** the random-effects model,we performed a meta-analysis to determine the mean difference in serum ferritin levels between the studied groups,along with their corresponding 95%confidence *** meta-analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata ***:A total of 1013 patients from seven studies were included in this *** meta-analysis showed higher mean serum ferritin in the deceased compared to surviving regular hemodialysis patients with COVID-19,with a mean difference of 449.43 ng/mL[95%CI(244.07,654.80),P<0.0001;I2=58%,P=0.003].Conclusions:Our study found a higher mean of serum ferritin levels in the deceased compared to surviving regular hemodialysis patients with COVID-19.

关键词： Ferritin Mortality Hemodialysis COVID-19 Inflammation

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Host cyclophilin A facilitates SARS-CoV-2 infection by binding and stabilizing spike on virions

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 36-39页

作者： Xiangpeng Sheng Fang Zhu Hong Peng Fan Yang Yi Yang Cong Yang Zhen Wang Wei Chen Deyin Guo Ronggui Hu State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina MOE Key Laboratory of tropical Disease Control Centre for Infection and Immunity StudySchool of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhenChina ICU Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina

Dear Editor,The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 rapidly evolutes to increase its infectivity and transmissibility,facilitates its immune escape,impairs vaccine efficacy,and currently causes repeated infections in human,which is mainly determined by the accumulated mutations in spike(S).1 Transmembrane S is a heavily glycosylated protein on the surface of the virion as homotrimer,responsible for binding to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(hACE2)receptor.2 While the architecture of S trimers has been well studied,how the stability of S is regulated by potential host factors remains unknown.

关键词： ACE2 vaccine infection

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Andrographolide Attenuates Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Ameliorating Cochlear Inflammation

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese medicine 2024年第2期10卷 204-212页

作者： Meng-Hua Li Wan-Qi Wang Li-Ting Zheng Meng Bing Chen Yang Chu Miao Qiao Zuo-Li Zhang Konduru Naveena Yong Pan Yun-Shi Zhang He Sun Xiao-Hui Ma Xi Shi Artificial Auditory Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina Key Laboratory of tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHainan UniversityHaikouChina department of ENT Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina National Key Laboratory of Chinese medicine Modernization Tasly AcademyTasly Pharmaceutical Group Co.Ltd.TianjinChina Endoscopy Center Ankang People's HospitalAnkangChina department of Respiratory medicine Xuzhou Infectious Diseases HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina department of ENT The People's Hospital of Rongchang DistrictChongqingChina

Objective:This study aimed to explore andrographolide's mechanism of action and its protective effect on noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL).Materials and Methods:A mice animal model for NIHL was established through exposure to broadband noise at 120 d B sound pressure level for 4 *** analysis and pharmacodynamic experiments were carried ***:Andrographolide enters the inner ear and effectively prevents hearing damage following noise exposure in the mice model for permanent hearing ***,treatment with andrographolide inhibited the excessive activation of inflammatory factors in the cochleae of noise-exposed ***:Andrographolide might be a promising candidate for auditory protective drug investigation.

关键词： Andrographolide anti-inflammatory auditory protection noise-induced hearing loss traditional Chinese medicine compound

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COVID-19/Tuberculosis Co-Infection at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) of Saint-Louis (Senegal): About 9 Cases

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 56-66页

作者： Alassane Dièye Moustapha Diedhiou Papa Latyr Junior Diouf Mba Bambo Diakhaby Demba Makalou Samba Niang Diatou Dia-Gueye Amadou Diop Dia Ibrahima Louis Martin Dieng Seynabou Lô Ndéye Méry Dia-Badiane Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal department of medicine Saint-Louis Regional Hospital Saint-Louis Senegal Infectious and tropical Diseases Clinic of Fann Dakar Senegal

Introduction: COVID-19 is a global public health emergency that can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome. In countries where tuberculosis (TB) is endemic, coinfection of COVID-19 and TB is often encountered, which increases the risk of developing severe forms of COVID-19. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of COVID-19/TB coinfection at the Epidemic treatment center (ETC) in Saint-Louis (Senegal) and to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, and outcome profile of co-infected patients. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive cohort study based on the records of COVID-19/ TB co-infected patients who were hospitalized at the ETC in Saint-Louis (Senegal) over an 18-month period from March 2020 to September 2021. Results: Out of a total of 454 hospitalizations, we collected records of 9 patients co-infected with COVID-19/TB, resulting in a prevalence of 2%. The study included patients with a median age of 34 years (range: 10-86 years), with a male predominance (7 cases) and a sex ratio of 3.5. The majority of patients (88.9%) had severe forms of COVID-19. Dyspnea and cough were reported in all patients (100%). Pulmonary TB was the most frequent localization, with 9 cases. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by nasopharyngeal PCR in all patients (100%). Bacilloscopy was positive in 3 out of 5 cases. One patient tested positive for GeneXpert? MTB/RIF without rifampicin resistance. All patients were prescribed the hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin combination and anti-tuberculosis treatment. Out of the nine patients, four recovered (44.4%) and five died (55.5%). Conclusion: COVID-19/TB coinfection had a low prevalence in our cohort, but was associated with a high mortality due to the frequent occurrence of severe forms of the disease.

关键词： COVID-19 Tuberculosis Saint-Louis Senegal

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Fight or flee,a vital choice for Clostridioides difficile

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 14-20页

作者： Ji Zeng Sshuying Fang Jinquan Guo Min Dong Guo-Bao Tian Liang Tao School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina department of Brest Surgery Panyu Central Hospital.GuangzhouChina department of Microbiology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA department of Urology Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA department of Microbiology Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Advanced Medical Technology Center The First Affiliated HospitalZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Key Laboratory of tropical Diseases Control(Sun Yat-sen University) Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina School of medicine Xizang Minzu UniversityXianyangChina Center for Infectious Disease Research Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and BiomedicineWestlake UniversityHangzhouChina Research Center for Industries of the Future School of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhouChina

Clostridioides difficile is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections,causing billions of economic losses every *** symptoms range from mild diarrhea to life-threatening damage to the *** and recurrence of *** infection(CDl)are mediated by the metabolically dormant spores,while the virulence of *** is mainly due to the two large clostridial toxins,TcdA and *** toxins or forming spores are two different strategies for *** to cope with harsh environmental *** is of great significance to understand the molecular mechanisms for *** to skew to either of the cellular ***,we summarize the current understanding of the regulation and connections between toxin production and sporulation in *** and further discuss the potential solutions for yet-to-be-answered questions.

关键词： C.difficile sporulation TcdA TcdB toxin production

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Two types of coumarins-specific enzymes complete the last missing steps in pyran- and furanocoumarins biosynthesis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 869-880页

作者： Yucheng Zhao Yuedong He Liangliang Han Libo Zhang Yuanzheng Xia Fucheng Yin Xiaobing Wang Deqing Zhao Sheng Xu Fei Qiao Yibei Xiao Lingyi Kong department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese medicines School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacyand State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural medicines Department of Natural Medicinal ChemistryChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China Ministry of AgricultureTropical Crops Genetic Resources InstituteChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 517317China Institute of Botany Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210014China department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacyand State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China

Pyran-and furanocoumarins are key representatives of tetrahydropyrans and tetrahydrofurans,respectively,exhibiting diverse physiological and medical ***,the biosynthetic mechanisms for their core structures remain poorly *** we combined multiomics analyses of biosynthetic enzymes in Peucedanum praeruptorum and in vitro functional verification and identified two types of key enzymes critical for pyran and furan ring biosynthesis in *** included three distinct *** prenyltransferases(PpPT1e3)responsible for the prenylation of the simple coumarin skeleton 7 into linear or angular precursors,and two novel CYP450 cyclases(PpDC and PpOC)crucial for the cyclization of the linear/angular precursors into either tetrahydropyran or tetrahydrofuran *** analyses of cyclases indicated that acid/base-assisted epoxide ring opening contributed to the enzyme-catalyzed tetrahydropyran and tetrahydrofuran ring *** possible acid/base-assisted catalytic mechanisms of the identified cyclases were theoretically investigated and assessed using site-specific *** identified two possible acidic amino acids Glu303 in PpDC and Asp301 in PpOC as vital in the catalytic *** study provides new enzymatic tools in the epoxide formation/epoxide-opening mediated cascade reaction and exemplifies how plants become chemically diverse in terms of enzyme function and catalytic process.

关键词： Tetrahydropyrans Tetrahydrofurans Baldwin rules Coumarins CYP450cyclase

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Metagenomics analysis identifies oral Streptococcus as potential biomarkers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第3期51卷 363-366页

作者： Yanmin Liu Chengtao Wang Lixiang Xie Shuling Du Li Ding Ying Cui Runzhi Chen Jingxiang Zhang Wan Wang Xi Liu Yan Wang Shiyan Chen Tian Tan Qiaochu Zhao Limei Yin Chunwei Li Yong Chen Tao Ding department of Immunology and Microbiology Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510080China Key Laboratory of tropical Disease Control(Sun Yat-sen University) Ministry of EducationGuangzhouGuangdong 510080China department of Radiation Oncology The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510080China department of Infectious Diseases The Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiGuangdong 519000China department of Endocrinology&Metabolism The Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiGuangdong 519000China department of Otolaryngology The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510080China

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a malignancy originating from the nasopharyngeal epithelial *** some studies have identified potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of NPC based on metabolomics data(Chen et al.,2023;Zhou et al.,2023)and Epstein-Barr virus subtypes(Xu et al.,2019),their effectiveness and applicability need further investigation,particularly when consideringthe roles of oral microbiota.

关键词： al. nasopharyngeal diagnosis

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Black radish root extract alleviates sodium valproate-induced liver damage via inhibiting mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and oxidative stress in mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical Biomedicine 2024年第7期14卷 298-306页

作者： Mohammad Hadi Zarei Sami Akbulut Maryam Zafari Elham Saghaei Zahra Lorigooini Hossein AminiKhoei Somaye Khosravi Elham Bijad Medical Plants Research Center Basic Health Sciences InstituteShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran department of Liver Transplant Institute and Biostatistics Inonu University Faculty of Medicine44280MalatyaTurkey Student Research Committee Shahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran Physiology and Pharmacology department School of MedicineShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran department of Anatomical Sciences School of MedicineShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran

Objective:To explore the effect of black radish(Raphanus sativus *** niger)root extract on liver enzymes,oxidative stress,and histopathological alterations in mice with sodium valproate-induced ***:Thirty-two mice were divided into four groups:the control group received drinking water by gavage,the second group was administered with 100 mg/kg of sodium valproate,the third group received 300 mg/kg of black radish root extract,and the fourth group was given both sodium valproate(100 mg/kg)and black radish root extract(300 mg/kg).After 28 days,the mice were euthanized,and serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),and alkaline phosphatase(ALP),along with liver malondialdehyde(MDA),reactive oxygen species(ROS),mitochondrial parameters,tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)gene expression,and histopathological changes were ***:Sodium valproate caused hepatic damage in mice,characterized by elevated serum levels of liver enzymes,increased MDA and ROS levels and TNF-αgene expression,as well as histopathological *** black radish root extract significantly alleviated sodium valproate-caused hepatic injury by decreasing the serum levels of ALT and AST,MDA,ROS,TNF-αgene expression,as well as mitochondrial impairment,but did not have a significant effect on sodium valproate-induced histopathological ***:The black radish root extract demonstrates protective effects against sodium valproate-induced liver injury,possibly through mitigating oxidative stress,mitochondrial impairment,and inflammatory mediator expression.

关键词： Black radish Raphanus sativus Sodium valproate Hepatotoxicity Oxidative stress Anti-inflammation

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