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Effects of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt on Renal and Pulmonary Function in Hepatic Decompensation with and without Hepatorenal and Hepatopulmonary Syndromes:A Review

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第9期12卷 780-791页

作者： Ahmed H.Abdelwahed Moataz Aboeldahb George Y.Wu department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyUniversity of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCTUSA department of gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

Cirrhosis is often characterized by decreased liver function,ranging from a compensated,typically asymptomatic phase to a decompensated phase characterized by the appearance of ascites or variceal bleeding,and ultimately hepatorenal syndrome(HRS)or hepatopulmonary syndrome(HPS).The latter two complications are associated with a poor prognosis and limited treatment *** cases of ascites or variceal bleeding resistant to medical therapy,transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is effective and *** blood by TIPS diverts portal blood to the systemic circulation,potentially increasing systemic blood volume and benefiting renal ***,TIPS could also divert nitric oxide to the systemic circulation,potentially worsening systemic hypotension and perfusion,which could be detrimental to renal *** evidence indicates that TIPS often improves renal function in patients with portal hypertension,with or without *** studies have shown persistently decreased renal function after ***,these data are insufficient to support a recommendation for the use of TIPS specifically for *** patients without pre-existing HPS,TIPS does not appear to significantly affect pulmonary gas *** of TIPS in HPS have been inconsistent;some studies have shown improvement,but effects were *** studies have shown a persistent decline in pulmonary function after *** evidence supports the need for large randomized controlled trials to investigate the beneficial effects of TIPS for *** pulmonary function data are less clear regarding TIPS for *** aim of the current report was to review the literature regarding the effects of TIPS on renal and pulmonary function in hepatic decompensation,with or without the development of HRS or HPS.

关键词： Cirrhosis Hepatorenal syndrome Hepatopulmonary syndrome Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

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Optimized sequential therapy vs 10- and 14-d concomitant therapy for eradicating Helicobacter pylori: A randomized clinical trial

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第6期30卷 556-564页

作者： Hassan Seddik Jihane Benass Sanaa Berrag Asmae Sair Reda Berraida Hanae Boutallaka department of gastroenterology II Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of RabatRabat 10100Morocco department of gastroenterology Mohammed V University in RabatRabat 10100Morocco department of gastroenterology I Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of RabatRabat 10100Morocco

BACKGROUND A cure for Helicobacter pylori(***)remains a problem of global *** prevalence of antimicrobial resistance is widely rising and becoming a challenging issue *** sequential therapy seems to be one of the most attractive strategies in terms of efficacy,tolerability and *** most common sequential therapy consists of a dual therapy[proton-pump inhibitors(PPIs)and amoxicillin]for the first period(5 to 7 d),followed by a triple therapy for the second period(PPI,clarithromycin and metronidazole).PPIs play a key role in maintaining a gastric pH at a level that allows an optimal efficacy of antibiotics,hence the idea of using new generation *** open-label prospective study randomized 328 patients with confirmed *** infection into three groups(1:1:1):The first group received quadruple therapy consisting of twice-daily(bid)omeprazole 20 mg,amoxicillin 1 g,clarith-romycin 500 mg and metronidazole 500 mg for 10 d(QT-10),the second group received a 14 d quadruple therapy following the same regimen(QT-14),and the third group received an optimized sequential therapy consisting of bid rabe-prazole 20 mg plus amoxicillin 1 g for 7 d,followed by bid rabeprazole 20 mg,clarithromycin 500 mg and metronidazole 500 mg for the next 7 d(OST-14).AEs were recorded throughout the study,and the *** eradication rate was determined 4 to 6 wk after the end of treatment,using the 13C urea breath *** In the intention-to-treat and per-protocol analysis,the eradication rate was higher in the OST-14 group compared to the QT-10 group:(93.5%,85.5%P=0.04)and(96.2%,89.5%P=0.03)***,there was no statist-ically significant difference in eradication rates between the OST-14 and QT-14 groups:(93.5%,91.8%P=0.34)and(96.2%,94.4%P=0.35),*** overall incidence of AEs was significantly lower in the OST-14 group(P=0.01).Furthermore,OST-14 was the most cost-effective among the three *** The optimized 14-

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Quadruple therapy Sequential Proton-pump inhibitor Optimization

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Insights into the role of RNA m^(6)A modification in the metabolic process and related diseases

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 270-295页

作者： Haiming Hu Zhibin Li Xia Xie Qiushi Liao Yiyang Hu Chunli Gong Nannan Gao Huan Yang Yufeng Xiao Yang Chen department of gastroenterology Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400037China

According to the latest consensus,many traditional diseases are considered meta-bolic diseases,such as cancer,type 2 diabetes,obesity,and cardiovascular ***,metabolic diseases are increasingly prevalent because of the ever-improving living standards and have become the leading threat to human *** therapy methods have been applied to treat these diseases,which improves the quality of life of many patients,but the overall effect is still ***,intensive research on the metabolic process and the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases is imperative.N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)is an important modification of eukaryotic *** is a critical regulator of gene expression that is involved in different cellular functions and physiological *** studies have indi-cated that m^(6)A modification regulates the development of many metabolic processes and metabolic *** this review,we summarized recent studies on the role of m^(6)A modifica-tion in different metabolic processes and metabolic ***,we highlighted the potential m^(6)A-targeted therapy for metabolic diseases,expecting to facilitate m^(6)A-targeted strategies in the treatment of metabolic diseases.

关键词： Cancer mm^(6)A-targeted therapy Metabolic disease Metabolism N6-methyladenosine

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Treat to target in Crohn’s disease:A practical guide for clinicians

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第1期30卷 50-69页

作者： Ashish R Srinivasan department of gastroenterology Austin HealthVictoriaMelbourne 3083Australia department of gastroenterology Eastern HealthVictoriaMelbourne 3128Australia department of Medicine University of MelbourneVictoriaMelbourne 3052Australia

A treat-to-target(T2T)approach applies the principles of early intervention and tight disease control to optimise long-term outcomes in Crohn's *** Selecting Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease(STRIDE)-II guidelines specify short,intermediate,and long-term treatment goals,documenting specific treatment targets to be achieved at each of these *** appraisal of Crohn’s disease activity against pre-defined treatment targets at these timepoints remains central to determining whether current therapy should be continued or *** treatment targets in Crohn’s disease comprise combination clinical and patient-reported outcome remission,in conjunction with biomarker normalisation and endoscopic *** the STRIDE-II guidelines endorse the pursuit of endoscopic healing,clinicians must consider that this may not always be appropriate,acceptable,or achievable in all *** underscores the need to engage patients at the outset in an effort to personalise care and individualise treatment *** use of non-invasive biomarkers such as faecal calprotectin in conjunction with cross-sectional imaging techniques,particularly intestinal ultrasound,holds great promise;as do emerging treatment targets such as transmural *** randomised clinical trials,namely,CALM and STARDUST,have evaluated the efficacy of a T2T approach in achieving endoscopic endpoints in patients with Crohn’s *** from these studies reflect that patient subgroups and Crohn’s disease characteristics likely to benefit most from a T2T approach,remain to be ***,outside of clinical trials,data pertaining to the real-world effectiveness of a T2T approach remains scare,highlighting the need for pragmatic real-world *** the obvious promise of a T2T approach,a lack of guidance to support its integration into real-world clinical practice has the potential to limit its *** highlights the need to describe st

关键词： Treat to target Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Treatment targets Endoscopic remission Transmural healing Time to response Intestinal ultrasound

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Topic highlight on texture and color enhancement imaging in gastrointestinal diseases

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第14期30卷 1934-1940页

作者： Osamu Toyoshima Toshihiro Nishizawa Keisuke Hata department of gastroenterology Toyoshima Endoscopy ClinicTokyo 157-0066Japan department of gastroenterology and Hepatology International University of Health and WelfareNarita HospitalNarita 286-8520Japan department of gastroenterology Nihonbashi Muromachi Mitsui Tower Midtown ClinicTokyo 103-0022Japan

Olympus Corporation developed texture and color enhancement imaging(TXI)as a novel image-enhancing endoscopic *** topic highlights a series of hot-topic articles that investigated the efficacy of TXI for gastrointestinal disease identification in the clinical setting.A randomized controlled trial demonstrated improvements in the colorectal adenoma detection rate(ADR)and the mean number of adenomas per procedure(MAP)of TXI compared with those of white-light imaging(WLI)observation(58.7%vs 42.7%,adjusted relative risk 1.35,95%CI:1.17-1.56;1.36 vs 0.89,adjusted incident risk ratio 1.48,95%CI:1.22-1.80,respectively).A cross-over study also showed that the colorectal MAP and ADR in TXI were higher than those in WLI(1.5 vs 1.0,adjusted odds ratio 1.4,95%CI:1.2-1.6;58.2%vs 46.8%,1.5,1.0-2.3,respectively).A randomized controlled trial demonstrated non-inferiority of TXI to narrow-band imaging in the colorectal mean number of adenomas and sessile serrated lesions per procedure(0.29 vs 0.30,difference for non-inferiority-0.01,95%CI:-0.10 to 0.08).A cohort study found that scoring for ulcerative colitis severity using TXI could predict relapse of ulcerative colitis.A cross-sectional study found that TXI improved the gastric cancer detection rate compared to WLI(0.71%vs 0.29%).A cross-sectional study revealed that the sensitivity and accuracy for active Helicobacter pylori gastritis in TXI were higher than those of WLI(69.2%vs 52.5%and 85.3%vs 78.7%,res-pectively).In conclusion,TXI can improve gastrointestinal lesion detection and qualitative ***,further studies on the efficacy of TXI in clinical practice are required.

关键词： Endoscopy Texture and color enhancement imaging White-light imaging Narrow-band imaging Colorectal neoplasm Gastric cancer Adenoma Ulcerative colitis Helicobacter infections Colonoscopy

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Refining the targeted population and achieving better for colorectal cancer screening

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第25期30卷 3140-3142页

作者： Nuo-Ya Zhou Yi-Xiu Lin Liu-Xiang Chen Lian-Song Ye Bing Hu department of gastroenterology and Hepatology/Medical Engineering Integration laboratory of Digestive Endoscopy West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina

This editorial comments on the article entitled“Stage at diagnosis of colorectal cancer through diagnostic route:Who should be screened?”by Agatsuma et al,who conducted a retrospective study aiming at clarifying the stage at colorectal cancer(CRC)diagnosis based on different diagnostic *** share our opinion about CRC screening *** current situation suggests the need for a more specific and targeted population for CRC screening.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Screening Early diagnosis Technology Cost-effectiveness

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Clinical manifestation,lifestyle,and treatment patterns of chronic erosive gastritis:A multicenter real-world study in China

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1108-1120页

作者： Ying-Yun Yang Ke-Min Li Gui-Fang Xu Cheng-Dang Wang Hua Xiong Xiao-Zhong Wang Chun-Hui Wang Bing-Yong Zhang Hai-Xing Jiang Jing Sun Yan Xu Li-Juan Zhang Hao-Xuan Zheng Xiang-Bin Xing Liang-Jing Wang Xiu-Li Zuo Shi-Gang Ding Rong Lin Chun-Xiao Chen Xing-Wei Wang Jing-Nan Li department of gastroenterology Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China department of gastroenterology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalNanjing 21000Jiangsu ProvinceChina department of gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005Fujian ProvinceChina department of gastroenterology Renji HospitalShanghai 200127China department of gastroenterology Union Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350000Fujian ProvinceChina department of gastroenterology West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina department of gastroenterology and Hepatology The People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityThe Henan Provincial People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450003Henan ProvinceChina department of gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong UnivesrityRuijin HospitalSchool MedicineShanghai 200025China department of gastroenterology and Hepatology China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033Jilin ProvinceChina department of gastroenterology Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina department of gastroenterology Nanfang HospitalGuangzhou 510080Guangdong ProvinceChina department of gastroenterology The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080Guangdong ProvinceChina department of gastroenterology The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310000Zhejiang ProvinceChina department of gastroenterology Shandong University Qilu HospitalJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina department of gastroenterology Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China department of gastroenterology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022Hubei Pr

BACKGROUND Although chronic erosive gastritis(CEG)is common,its clinical characteristics have not been fully *** lack of consensus regarding its treatment has resulted in varied treatment *** To explore the clinical characteristics,treatment patterns,and short-term outcomes in CEG patients in *** We recruited patients with chronic non-atrophic or mild-to-moderate atrophic gastritis with erosion based on endoscopy and *** and treating physicians completed a questionnaire regarding history,endoscopic findings,and treatment plans as well as a follow-up questionnaire to investigate changes in symptoms after 4 wk of *** Three thousand five hundred sixty-three patients from 42 centers across 24 cities in China were *** pain(68.0%),abdominal distension(62.6%),and postprandial fullness(47.5%)were the most common presenting *** was classified as chronic non-atrophic in 69.9%of *** those with erosive lesions,72.1%of patients had lesions in the antrum,51.0%had multiple lesions,and 67.3%had superficial flat *** patients with epigastric pain,the combination of a mucosal protective agent(MPA)and proton pump inhibitor was more *** those with postprandial fullness,acid regurgitation,early satiety,or nausea,a MPA appeared more *** CEG is a multifactorial disease which is common in Asian patients and has non-specific *** may play a major role in its detection and *** should be individualized based on symptom profile.

关键词： Chronic erosive gastritis Symptom Endoscopic findings Treatment pattern Real-world

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Enhancing the anti-corrosion performance and biocompatibility of AZ91D Mg alloy by applying roughness pretreatment and coating with in-situ Mg(OH)_(2)/Mg-Al LDH

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2520-2533页

作者： Zexi Shao Pubo Li Chao Zhang Bintao Wu Chan Tang Mangmang Gao School of Materials and New Energy Ningxia Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic MaterialsNingxia UniversityYinchuan750021PR China department of gastroenterology The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha410000PR China

Corrosion-resistant and biocompatible films were fabricated on AZ91D Mg alloy substrates by varying their roughness levels using met-allographic preparation and subsequent hydrothermal *** coated films comprised a mixed structure of Mg(OH)_(2)and Mg-Al layered double hydroxides(LDH)and exhibited excellent *** film thickness increased with decreasing surface *** resistance was evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance *** pretreat-ment influenced the chemical activity of the Mg alloy surface and helped modulate the dissolution rate of the Mg_(17)Al_(12)phase during the hydrothermal *** decreasing roughness of the Mg substrate,the Al^(3+)concentration gradually increased,accelerating the in-situ formation of the Mg(OH)_(2)/LDH composite coating and improving its crystallinity.A thick and dense Mg(OH)_(2)/LDH coating was synthesized on the Mg substrate with the least roughness,substantially improving the corrosion resistance of the AZ91D *** lowest corrosion current density((5.73±2.75)×10^(−8)A·cm^(−2))was achieved,which was approximately three orders of magnitude less than that of bare ***,the coating demonstrated biocompatibility with no evident cytotoxicity,cellular damage,and hemolytic *** study provides an effective method for preparing coatings on Mg alloy surfaces with excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Roughness Corrosion resistance Layered double hydroxides Biocompatibility

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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs before endoscopic ultrasound guided tissue acquisition to reduce the incidence of post procedural pancreatitis

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 811-816页

作者： Mike de Jong Foke van Delft Christine Roozen Erwin-Jan van Geenen Tanya Bisseling Peter Siersema Marco Bruno department of gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegen 6525 GANetherlands department of gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdam 3015 GDNetherlands

Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)with fine needle aspiration or fine needle biopsy is the gold standard for sampling tissue to diagnose pancreatic cancer and auto-immune pancreatitis or to analyze cyst *** most common reported adverse event of fine needle aspiration and/or fine needle biopsy is acute pancreatitis,which is likely induced by the same pathophysiological mechanisms as after en-doscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).According to the current European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are administered prior to ERCP as a scientifically proven treatment to reduce post-ERCP pancreatitis incidence rate.A single suppository of diclofenac or indomethacin prior to EUS guided tissue acquisition(TA)is harm-less in healthy *** it is associated with low costs and,most important,may prevent a dreadsome complication,we strongly recommend the adminis-tration of 100 mg diclofenac rectally prior to *** will explain this recom-mendation in more detail in this review as well as the risk and pathophysiology of post-EUS TA pancreatitis.

关键词： Pancreatitis Endoscopic ultrasound Tissue acquisition Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs Pancreatic cancer

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Synthetic lethality by PARP inhibitors: new mechanism uncovered based on unresolved transcription-replication conflicts

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第8期9卷 3163-3164页

作者： Marina Kolesnichenko Claus Scheidereit department of Hepatology and gastroenterology Charite-Universitatsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany laboratory for Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association(MDC)BerlinGermany

In a landmark study recently published in Nature,Petropoulous et *** that synthetic lethality of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitors in cells with defective homologous recombination repair(HR)results predominantly from transcription replication conflicts(TRC)and not,as previously proposed,from PARP trapping on DNA(Fig.1).The article unveils a new mechanism behind synthetic lethality of PARP inhibitors with relevance for cancer therapy.

关键词： al. PARP mechanism

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