检索结果-南通市图书馆

A new combined framework for sustainable development using the DPSIR approach and numerical modeling

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第4期12卷 260-273页

作者： Mahsa Malmir Saman Javadi Ali Moridi Aminreza Neshat Babak Razdar department of Water Engineering College of AbouraihanUniversity of TehranTehranIran department of Civil Water and Environmental EngineeringShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran department of gis/RS Faculty of Natural Resources and EnvironmentScience and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran department of Water Resources Monitoring Environmental Research InstituteAcademic Center for EducationCulture and Research(ACECR)RashtIran

Relying on the conceptual DPSIR framework and MODFLOW analysis,this study used a mixed approach to produce groundwater resource management solutions for the Najafabad area in central *** to DPSIR results,agricultural activities put the highest pressure on groundwater resources in this *** results showed the effectiveness of reducing waterwithdrawal over 30 years in maintaining the aquifer in a state of *** best scenario consisted of cutting down extraction by 10%over the said *** maps of the water table rise at the Najafabad aquifer clearly showed that the groundwater management scenario involving a 10%reduction ofwater withdrawal was the most effective solution,as itwould raise thewater level by 6.7 *** other scenarios,reducing cultivated area by 20%was found to raise the water table by 5.03 m on average,while cutting down water withdrawal by 5%increased the water table by 3.6 m,and a 10%reduction of the cultivated area resulted in a *** combinedmodel proposed here can be used for similar aquifers and can aid decision-makers and managers.

关键词： DPSIR framework MODFLOW Najafabad aquifer Strategic policy Aquifer recovery

Determining the Optimal Algorithm to Locate the Best Place for Earthquake Refugee Camps: A Case Study for Tehran, Iran

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Positioning 2014年第4期5卷 97-106页

作者： Javad Sadidi Reyhaneh Saeedi Aliasghar Torahi Parviz Zeaiean Firuzabadi department of gis and Remote Sensing Faculty of Geography Kaharazmi University Tehran Iran Kharazmi University Tehran Iran department of Remote Sensing and gis Faculty of Geographical Sciences Kharazmi University Tehran Iran

Iran is one of the regions which are most prone for earthquakes annually having a large number of financial and mortality and financial losses. Every year around the world, a large number of people lose their home and life due to natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods. It is necessary to provide and specify some suitable places for settling the homeless people before occurrence of the earthquake, one of the most important factors in crisis planning and management. gis has a vital role in crisis management. By using gis, it would be possible to manage the spatial data and reach several goals by making use of the analyses existing in it. Among the applications of gis in crisis management there is location of suitable and safe place for settling the injured people after the occurrence of the earthquake. With respect to the importance of specifying weight to the required criteria so as to find safe and suitable places for settling the injured people optimally, the present research is about to show the algorithms AHP, Fuzzy, TOPSIS and OWA as being suitable in terms of accuracy and speed. We discuss several natural and human criteria to choose the optimal place considering the importance of the issue. At the end we did a comparison among these methods. According to the features of each method, combined methods of Fuzzy and AHP can create high ability in locating for resettling of victims. So we can improve all these methods before being combined by described methods.

关键词： Crisis Management Temporary Settlement Earthquake Hierarchical Process Fuzzy Process TOPSIS Process OWA Process Geographic Information System (gis)

Assessment of Groundwater Potential and Prediction of the Potential Trend up to 2042 Using gis-Based Model and Remote Sensing Techniques for Kiambu County

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Geosciences 2023年第10期14卷 1036-1063页

作者： Mark Boitt Patricia Khayasi Catherine Wambua Institute of Geomatics GIS and Remote Sensing Dedan Kimathi University of Technology Nyeri Kenya department of Research and Development GIS and Remote Sensing Section-Mapinfotek Nairobi Kenya

Groundwater is one of the important necessary renewable resources of the world. It forms part of the natural water cycle that is present in the underground strata with the principal sources being precipitation and streamflow. Traditionally, information on the potential occurrence of groundwater was obtained using techniques such as drilling, geophysical, geological, hydro-geological and geo-electrical which are time-consuming, costly and lacked full coverage. This study shows that remote sensing and gis techniques can be utilized to map groundwater potential using a gis-based model, the Modified DRASTIC Model, which incorporates factors that influence groundwater occurrence. These factors are the surface attributes that infer groundwater potentials and they include geology, soil texture, land use, lithology, landforms, slope steepness, lineaments and drainage systems. A prediction of the groundwater prediction was done by utilizing the MOLUSCE tool, a plugin in Qgis that utilizes ANN, multicriteria evaluation, weights of evidence and LRs algorithms in predicting land changes. The kappa value for prediction was 0.83. The results showed areas in the Southwest region had low to very low potential and the central region had high to very high potential for all the years and there were little changes between the years. The prediction showed that by 2042, the eastern region of Kiambu County will have a decline in groundwater potential.

关键词： Groundwater DRASTIC MOLUSCE Remote Sensing ANN LR

Radiative capture of proton through the ^(14)N(p,γ)^(15)O reaction at low energy

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 183-192页

作者： B.F.Irgaziev Abdul Kabir Jameel-Un Nabi National University of Uzbekistan Tashkent 100174Uzbekistan Space and Astrophysics Research lab National Centre of GIS and Space ApplicationsDepartment of Space ScienceInstitute of Space TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan University of Wah Quaid AvenueWah Cantt 47040PunjabPakistan

The CNO cycle is the main source of energy in stars more massive than our *** process defines the energy production,the duration of which can be used to determine the lifetime of massive *** cycle is an important tool for determining the age of globular *** proton capture via p+^(14)N→^(15)O+γ,at energies of astrophysical interest,is an important process in the CNO *** this project,we apply a potential model to describe both non-resonant and resonant reactions in the channels where radiative capture occurs through electric E1 *** employed the R-matrix method to describe the ongoing reactions via M1 resonant transitions,when it was not possible to correctly reproduce the experimental data using the potential *** partial components of the astrophysical S-factor are calculated for all possible electric and magnetic dipole transitions in ^(15)*** linear extrapolated S-factor at zero energy(S(0))agrees well with earlier reported values for all transition types considered in this *** on the value of the total astrophysical S-factor,depending on the collision energy,we calculate the nuclear reaction rates for p+^(14)N→^(15)O+γ.The computed rates agree well with the results reported in the NACRE II Collaboration and most recent existing measurements.

关键词： CNO cycle potential model R-matrix method cross-section astrophysical S-factor nuclear rates.

Mapping of Freshwater Snails’ Habitat—A Source of Transmitting Bilharzia in Mwea Sub-County, Kenya

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第10期9卷 130-150页

作者： Mark Kipkurwa Boitt Mungai Kaara Suleiman Institute of Geomatics GIS and Remote Sensing Dedan Kimathi University of Technology Nyeri Kenya department of Geomatic Engineering and gis Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

Bilharzia is vector-borne disease carried by a parasite that is hosted by fresh water snails. The distribution of the disease is concurrent with the existence of the freshwater snails and is dependent on certain suitable environmental conditions. It is difficult to identify the specific habitats of the snails as they are often inaccessible on the ground, the snails also migrate by means of flowing water, making it difficult to keep a track of the freshwater snails’ habitat. This paper aimed at using gis, Remote Sensing and Species Distribution Modelling techniques to model the suitable habitats for the freshwater snails and to prove that the snails migrate when there are sudden changes in water levels whilst showing the population at risk of bilharzia. The SDM used is the Maximum Entropy (MAXENT) for its ability to make right predictions even with small presence sites. The AUC value of the model was 0.951. The research results showed that the environmental variables;brightness Index, elevation, temperatures were negatively correlated with the snails’ presence while the wetness index, MSAVI, greenness index and soil pH were positively correlated. The snails are observed to favor clay soils of the montmorillonite type and the crop-lands land cover. Areas consistently submerged by water especially after flooding are shown to be the most suitable areas where snails migrate by means of river or canal water. The research proves that Mwea is not the source habitat of the freshwater snails. The neighboring sub-counties within Kirinyaga County should be investigated using such models as a likely source-habitat of the freshwater snails. Destroying the source habitats will lead to complete eradication of the freshwater snails within Mwe

关键词： Area Under Operating Curve (AUC) Species Distribution Models Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) Land Surface Temperatures Geographic Information Systems Remote Sensing Land Use Land Cover

Transformer-Based Cloud Detection Method for High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 661-678页

作者： Haotang Tan Song Sun Tian Cheng Xiyuan Shu Key Laboratory of gis Application Research School of Geography and TourismChongqing Normal UniversityChongqing401331China College of Computer and Information Science Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing401331China department of Military Installations Army Logistics AcademyChongqing401331China

Cloud detection from satellite and drone imagery is crucial for applications such as weather forecasting and *** the limitations of conventional convolutional neural networks,we propose an innovative transformer-based *** method leverages transformers,which are adept at processing data sequences,to enhance cloud detection ***,we introduce a Cyclic Refinement Architecture that improves the resolution and quality of feature extraction,thereby aiding in the retention of critical details often lost during cloud *** extensive experimental validation shows that our approach significantly outperforms established models,excelling in high-resolution feature extraction and precise cloud *** integrating Positional Visual Transformers(PVT)with this architecture,our method advances high-resolution feature delineation and segmentation ***,our research offers a novel perspective for surmounting traditional challenges in cloud detection and contributes to the advancement of precise and dependable image analysis across various domains.

关键词： Cloud transformer image segmentation remotely sensed imagery pyramid vision transformer

Bed roughness and grain sorting-an experimental study over fine to medium sand beds

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Sediment Research 2017年第3期32卷 384-400页

作者： Barendra Purkait Dipanjan Das Majumdar Rajat Mazumder Geological Studies Unit Indian Statistical Institute department of Geology University of Calcutta department of Remote Sensing& gis Vidyasagar University School of Biology Earth and Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales Dept. of Applied Geology Faculty of Engineering and Science Curtin University malaysia

The relation between grain-size distribution of the bed and in suspension was critically examined under a uniform flow velocity of 50 cm/s over two beds: one of mainly fine sands and the other of medium sands. Two sections-one 2.85 m downstream and the other 6.35 m downstream in the experimental channel-were selected for sampling to study the grain-sorting pattern in the vertical direction along the direction of transport. The shape and type of the grain-size distribution pattern were critically studied with height above the bed. The change in the distribution pattern has been attributed to the change of local bed roughness causing scouring against the protruded relatively coarse grains on the bed. Such trends are important to predict the nature of river bed topography. The sand of Bed-1 initially exhibits a log-skew-Laplace distribution at different heights of suspension. The distribution pattern, however,changes but this changing pattern is not consistent along the upstream side. For Bed-2, which initially exhibits a log-normal distribution, the same pattern persists from the height of suspension at 5 cm up to20 cm. Such consistency in log-normality is also observed at the downstream points of measurement. It is generally expected that the mean grain-size would reduce with increases of suspension height but the results of the experiments, in some occasions, differ significantly from the gradual fining upward *** result has been attributed to local changes of bed roughness arising from the protruded relatively coarse grains causing eddies, scouring, and turbulent phenomena which moves coarse particles higher in suspension adding a coarse tail to the distribution increasing the mean grain-size.

关键词： Flume experiments Suspension height Uniform flow velocity Bed roughness Grain-size distribution Bed scouring Turbulent flow

Assessment of Soil Erosion and Climate Variability on Kerio Valley Basin, Kenya

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第6期8卷 97-114页

作者： Mark K. Boitt Oburo M. Albright Harison K. Kipkulei department of Geomatic Engineering and gis Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

This study was aimed at assessing soil erosion, climate variation and how climate has affected both the agro climatic and agro-ological zones of Kerio Valley basin. The basin faces challenges especially soil loss, due to the massive degradation that takes place in Kerio valley. Due to the increase in rainfall recently experienced in the area, most of the top soil has been carried away leading to excessive degradation of the valley, causing soil loss in the basin and subsequent deposition of the sediments in Lake Kamnarok which is an oxbow lake posing it to the threat of extinction. All these aforementioned factors, i.e. soil erosion, climate variation and land degradation have contributed to reduction of water storage capacity of the Lake. The main objective of this study was to assess the effects of soil erosion, climate variation on the basin and climate effect on agro-climatic and agro-ecological zones of the basin. Agro-climatic zones show how climate variability shapes agricultural landscape of an area while agro-ological zones show how agriculture affects the ecology of the basin. This includes the reduction of the lake size that has led to the disruption of the ecology of Lake Kamnarok and its environs, the major implications being the lake size reduction as the lake is proved to be a home for reptiles especially crocodiles. All these factors were finally assessed to determine their effect on water reduction capacity of Lake Kamnarok. The results depicted that the major factors that have caused changes in the basin and the Lake include heavy rainfall that has resulted in soil erosion and subsequent land degradation. These factors have eventually affected the agroclimatic and agroecological zones of the basin. This study integrated the use of Geographic Information System (gis) and Remote Sensing (RS) to assess the areas with massive degradation and to quantify the amount of soil loss using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model. It was concluded t

关键词： Agro-Ecological Zones Food and Agriculture Organization Geographic Information Systems Remote Sensing Land Use Land Cover

Estimating surface evapotranspiration using combined MODIS and CBERS-02 data

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 145-160页

作者： XIN Xiaozhou1,2, LIU Qinhuo1, TANG Yong1,3, TIAN Guoliang1, GU Xingfa1, LI Xiaowen1,2, ZHENG Hongsheng4 & CHEN Jiayi4 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2. Research Center for Remote Sensing and gis, department of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China 4. department of Atmospheric Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Research Center for Remote Sensing and gis Department of Geography Beijing Normal University Beijing China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China department of Atmospheric Physics Peking University Beijing China

Spatial scale error is one of the most serious problems in the estimates of land surface heat fluxes of sensible and latent from satellite-borne data such as MODIS 1km resolution reflectance and emissive data. One of the feasible and economic ways to decrease the spatial scale error is to use high resolution land use class data together with the MODIS data. CBERS-02 data were used to produce land use class of Baiyangdian area, Hebei Province, China in the autumn of 2004. The area ratio of each class in MODIS pixel was calculated, and used to derive the heat fluxes of the mixed pixel. The results showed that the estimated heat fluxes of soil, sensible and latent have been changed remarkably after using the high resolution land class data. It could be concluded from the comparison between simulated and ground-measured fluxes as well as the theoretical analysis that high resolution land class data are useful to diminishing the scale error of heat fluxes estimated from low resolution satellite data.

关键词： surface evapotranspiration spatial scale error MODIS CBERS land class.