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A Preliminary Study to Detect Urban Changes and Its Relationship to the Flash Floods Disaster in Jeddah City

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2017年第1期9卷 1-7页

作者： Ranya Fadlalla Abdalla Elsheikh department of Geographic and gis Faculty of Arts & Humanities Women Branches King Abdul Aziz University Jeddah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia department of gis School of Survey Faculty of Engineering Sudan University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan

Jeddah is one of the most attractive cities in Saudi Arabia. The expansion of urban area becomes essential due to rapid population and housing demand. Many environmental and economic problems could be occurring in absence of correct spatial planning. In 2009 and 2011, many of people were killed and suffered from the flash flood disaster in Jeddah. The aim of this paper is to provide clear indicator for the change detection in the urban cover from the period of 1984 to 2014 in Jeddah. Also it indicates Cleary the relation between the urban expansion and flash flood hazards event. Change detection techniques was applied for Remote Sensing data and integrated into gis environment. Change detection analysis shows that the urban areas increased from 170 to 390 km2. Urban expansion increased dramatically toward north and east. While it decreased towards south. Digital elevation model obtained from satellite image was used to extract watershed and stream networks. Drainages path way were blocked by residential area and contributed to flash flood occurrence. This study can be useful for future planning and for sustainable environment.

关键词： Change Detection gis Flash Flood Urban Remote Sensing

Drone Usage in Civil Engineering—A Case Study of the Pristina-Gjilan Highway

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Engineering（科研） 2024年第6期16卷 167-180页

作者： Xhesika Hasa department of Geodesy Engineering Kosovo Energy Corporation Obiliq Kosovo

The use of drones in construction engineering has gained increasing attention in recent years due to its potential to revolutionize the industry. Drones, offer the ability to capture high-resolution aerial imagery and collect data that was previously difficult or impossible to obtain. The integration drones in construction engineering presents opportunities for accurate data collection, analysis and visualization, which can improve decision-making processes and improve project outcomes. For example, drones equipped with gis technology can be used to capture high-resolution aerial images of construction sites, allowing engineers to monitor progress, identify potential issues, and make informed adjustments as needed. By harnessing drones, civil engineers in the civil engineering field can potentially optimize project planning, design and execution while minimizing risks and costs. The work of this topic examines the case of the use of Drones combined with gis in construction engineering. During this study, aerial photography of a certain segment of the Pristina-Gjilan Highway was taken. The results generated by the processing of aerial photos have been compared with the project. However, further research is needed to fully understand the capabilities and limitations of these technologies in this specific context, as well as to explore any potential challenges and barriers to their widespread adoption.

关键词： Drone gis Engineering Infrastructure Aerial Images Technology Data Visualization

Conception and Implementation of Geographical Database for Cultural Heritage Management—Case of Historical Jeddah, KSA

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2021年第6期13卷 696-709页

作者： Atef Belhaj Ali Abdulmohseen Al Shareef Oussamma Jastania department of Geography and gis Faculty of Arts and Humanities King Abdul Aziz University Jeddah KSA

Saudi Arabia is attempting to develop a long-term tourism business that respects Islamic ideals, heritage, and traditions. In accordance with the “Vision of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2030”, significant emphasis has been placed on developing and promoting cultural tourism as a result of the Kingdom’s very valuable civilizational and cultural heritage, in addition to entertainment and improving the quality of life. The city of Jeddah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s second capital, and the district known as “Al-Balad”, which is located in the city’s core, is a historical neighborhood known for its old structures and multi-story houses. Since 1947, the historical monuments in the Al-Balad region have faced major and challenging issues as a result of neglect and a failure to maintain them. To protect this historical architectural heritage, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has designated Jeddah’s historic area as a World Heritage Site. The purpose of this research is to identify historical sites in the city of Al-Balad using existing maps, field surveys, and the design and creation of a spatial database that can be used with geographic information systems (gis). By combining the results of the spatial database and photographic surveys with the history of Old Jeddah, an application was created and made available to users and those interested in the Internet that can be used through mobile devices (mobile phones and tablets) to introduce the historical area of Jeddah and promote tourism in Old Jeddah.

关键词： Geographic Database gis Historical Jeddah Cultural Tourism

Identification and Mapping of Essential Fish Habitats Using Remote Sensing and gis on Lake Victoria, Kenya

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第10期9卷 91-109页

作者： Mark Kipkurwa Boitt Erick Otieno Aete Institute of Geomatics GIS and Remote Sensing (IGGReS) Dedan Kimathi University of Technology Nyeri Kenya department of Geomatic Engineering and gis (GEgis) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

Fisheries in Lake Victoria have been threatened by declining fish stocks and diversity, environmental degradation due to increased input of pollutants, industrial and municipal waste, overfishing and use of unapproved fishing methods, infestation by aquatic weeds especially water hyacinth, de-oxygenation and a reduction in the quantity and quality of water. Remote sensing and GIS are essential tools in detection of fishing grounds which is important in providing fish sustainability for human beings and allows fishing grounds detection at minimal cost and optimizes effort. This research tends to identify the most favorable both environmentally and ecologically satisfactory factors which favor fish breeding and growth. The main aim of the study was to identify habitat variables that promote fish breeding and growth to maturity including the extraction of environmental variables from Landsat 8 images for the study period and using suitability index derived from fishery data. The study concentrated on establishing suitability ratings in different parts of Lake Victoria using lake surface temperature and chlorophyll-a levels. The study was conducted for months;January, May and December 2019 on Lake Victoria (limited by the availability of recent data). The factors were analysed and the favorable regions mapped satisfying the conditions for fish breeding. The output obtained illustrated the availability of suitable and habitable zones within the lake using satellite imagery and the suitability index. The fish catch data and satellite derived variables were used to determine habitat suitability indices for fish during January, May and December 2019. More than 90% of the total catch was found to come from the areas with sea surface temperature of 23.0˚C - 28.3˚C and chlorophyll-a concentration between 0.72 -

关键词： Catch Per Unit Effort Potential Fishing Zones Geographic Information Systems High Resolution Satellite Image Habitat Suitability Index

Spatial Analysis of Traffic Accidents in the City of Medina Using gis

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2022年第5期14卷 462-477页

作者： Mahmoud Hammas Ahmad Al-Modayan department of Geography and gis Faculty of Arts & Humanities King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

The general objective of this research is to determine how to use the spatial analysis of traffic accidents in Medina Menorah City through geographic information systems. This research aimed to identify, locate and define the sites where traffic accidents are concentrated and determine the need to apply specific safety standards to reduce accidents and identify their causes thereof. This current research applied the analytical descriptive approach for its relevance with this specific research. This research collected traffic accidents data from the Ministry of the Interior, department of General Traffic. That data captured the hotspots accidents in Medina Menorah City. Some of the most important results of the study are as follows: many roads were selected as High Accident Location HAL, such as Central Ring Roads, King Faisal bin Abdul-Aziz Road, Prince Abdul Majid bin Abdul-Aziz Road, and King Abdulla bin Abdel-Aziz Road. The high-speed roads are heavily linked to the massive increase of traffic accident rates, and the increase in the street section length led to the soaring number of total accidents. The study recommended performing more studies and different highway safety studies to identify and locate accident patterns on road networks. Due to the fact that the accidents concentration is intensely focused on Medina City center and Prophet’s Mosque, it is a must to increase the number of public transportations to and from Prophet’s Mosque, particularly during the Hajj period, because of the fact that the visitors of Prophet’s Mosque is on the increase during the said period. This study can be applied in other cities because knowing the locations of traffic crash hotspots can provide us with valuable insights into the causes of accidents and this knowledge helps decision-makers to better assess the risk associated with accidents.

关键词： Spatial Analysis Traffic Accidents Kernel Density Hot Spot Analysis

Landfill Siting Evaluation Using gis and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method: A Case Study: Dammam Municipal Solid Waste Landfill

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2021年第4期13卷 508-522页

作者： Nora Al Khaldi Firdos Almadani Sara Ouerghi department of Geography and gis Faculty of Arts & Humanities King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Waste landfills are a prominent global issue that does not concern a country without the other because of its long-term effects especially in the environmental aspect. As these pose an environmental threat to water, air and soil;and directly affect human life and health. Accordingly, this research uses the integration of Geographic Information Systems (gis) and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approaches to assess the location of the municipal solid waste dump in Dammam, which was established in (2000AD) twenty years ago, due to the lack of recent studies assessing the current status of the landfill and whether it is in a suitable location and keeps pace with the population and urbanization increase in the region. For this purpose, the researchers are using the tools and techniques of gis to evaluate eight criteria on the study area. The required standards were directed to the landfill site and transformed into maps that represent the most important economic, social, environmental, geological, geomorphological and Public Acceptance standards. These standards have been processed using the tools of spatial and statistical analyses. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is implemented in geographical information system for building the suitable cartographic model, and thus allowed to determine the suitable degree of Dammam municipal solid waste landfill site in light of the study criteria. The study concluded that the current landfill site achieves a good degree of suitability, as it achieved 63% measured against the quality standards set by the study, and that the current landfill site conforms to most of the criteria in this study to a good degree. But it violates two standards, which are distance from wells standard and distance between landfill and the center of waste generation standard.

关键词： Landfill Site Criteria Weights gis Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

Impact assessment of the seasonal hydrological loading on geodetic movement and seismicity in Nepal Himalaya using GRACE and GNSS measurements

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第5期13卷 445-455页

作者： Devendra Shashikant Nagale Suresh Kannaujiya Param K.Gautam Ajay K.Taloor Tandrila Sarkar Indian Institute of Remote Sensing ISRODehradunUttarakhand 248001India Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology DehradunUttarakhand 248001India department of Remote Sensing and gis University of JammuJammu 180006India Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad 826004India

The Himalayan terrain is an epitome of ongoing convergence and geodetic deformation where both tectonic and non-tectonic forces *** this study,the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)and Global Positioning System(GPS)datasets are used to assess the impact of seasonal loading on deformation with seismicity in *** recorded GPS data from 21 Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)stations during 2017-2020 are processed with respect to ITRF14 and the Indian reference frame,and the Center for Space Research(CSR)mascon RL06 during 2002-2020 is adopted to estimate the terrestrial water storage(TWS)change over the Ganga-Brahmaputra River *** results indicate that the hydrological loading effect or TWS change shows high negative,high positive,and moderately positive values in pre-monsoon,co-monsoon,and post-monsoon months,*** detrended GPS data of both horizontal and vertical components correlate with the seasonal TWS change using the Pearson correlation coefficient at each GNSS *** addition,the correlation coefficient has been interpolated using inverse distance weighting to investigate the regional TWS influence on geodetic *** the north component,the correlation coefficient ranges from-0.6 to *** the same time,the TWS is positively correlated with geodetic displacement(0.82)in the east component,and the correlation coefficient is negative(-0.69)in the vertical *** negative correlation signifies an inverse relationship between seasonal TWS variation and geodetic *** strain rate is estimated,which shows higher negative values in pre-monsoon than in ***,the effect of seismicity is 47.90%for pre-monsoon,15.97%for co-monsoon,and 17.56%for *** we can infer that the seismicity decreases with the increase of seasonal hydrological ***,the effect of strain is much higher in pre-monsoon than in post-monsoon since the impact of co-monsoon continues to

关键词： Non-tectonic Terrestrial water storage GRACE Strain rate Seismicity

Phytochemical Screening, Study of Acute Toxicity and Hypoglycemic and Antihyperglycemic Activities of Silver Nanoparticles from Guibourtia tessmannii (Harms) J. Leonard (Caesalpiniaceae)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 118-130页

作者： Ngoulé Charles Christian Eya’ane Meva François Sone Enone Bertin Ngo Nyobe Biwole Caroline Tankeu Séverin Elisée Songue Pascal Nguene Jean Pierre Etame-Loe gisèle department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon department of Biology of Plant Organisms Faculty of Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

According to the World Health Organization, diabetes affects approximately 347 million people worldwide. Its management is not within the reach of all social classes, therefore medicinal plants are still the first resort for many populations in Africa. The biological material used in this study was the trunk bark of Guibourtia tessmannii. 50 g of trunk bark powder were decocted in 500 ml of distilled water for 5 minutes were carried out. The method used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNps) was an organometallic bio-reduction of silver nitrate salts mediated by various secondary metabolites contained in the plant extract. The study of the toxicity acute was conducted according to guideline 423 of the OECD protocol. The pharmacological activities were each carried out with 28 female rats divided into 7 groups of four rats. It was a question for the hypoglycemic activity of administering various doses of silver nanoparticles and other substances to the rats thirty minutes after the carbohydrate intake and for the anti-hyperglycemic activity of administering the same substances to the rats thirty minutes before the carbohydrate intake. The extraction yield was 8.76%. Only the alkaloid test was negative. After acute toxicity study, the LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg. Blood sugar tests revealed that glibenclamide 5 mg/kg, which is the reference molecule, lowered blood sugar more than the other treatments applied in the other batches. It was followed by treatment with silver nanoparticles at a dose of 400 μg/kg in both tests. It was therefore concluded that silver nanoparticles from G. tessmannii are good for the formulation of improved traditional medicines and bring up their afficacity .

关键词： Guibourtia tessmannii Nanoparticles Hypoglycemia Anti-Hyperglycemia

Climate change and potential distribution of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Central Iran: Horizon 2030 and 2050

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第5期12卷 204-215页

作者： Babak Shiravand Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd Abbas Ali Dehghani Tafti Mohammad Reza Abai Ali Almodarresi Masoud Mirzaei department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies,School of Public Health,Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences department of Medical Entomology&Vector Control,School of Public Health,Tehran University of Medical Sciences Engineering College,gis&RS department Yazd Branch,Islamic Azad University department of Epidemiology&Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies School of Public Health Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences department of Medical Entomology&Vector Control School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Engineering College GIS&RS Department Yazd Branch Islamic Azad University department of Epidemiology&Biostatistics School of Public Health Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences

Objective: To investigate and predict the effects of climate change on the potential distribution of the main vector and reservoir hosts of the disease in Yazd province in the ***: Distribution data for vector and reservoir hosts of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Yazd province were obtained from earlier studies conducted in the *** ecological niche modeling was used to predict environmental ***-CSM1-1(m) model and two climate change scenarios, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 were used for horizons 2030 and 2050 climate *** projections were based on data of a regional climate change ***: With both scenarios in 2030 and 2050, the results of jackknife test indicated that the mean temperature of wettest quarter and temperature annual range had the greatest effect on the model for the vector and the reservoir hosts, ***: The climate conditions are the major determinants of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis incidence rate in Yazd *** climate conditions provide favorable habitats for ease transmission of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in this endemic *** suitability for the vector and reservoir will be expanding in the coming years compared with the current conditions, such that, in horizon 2030 & 2050, the probability of the presence of the vector and reservoir within 38 580 and 37 949 km^2, respectively, from Yazd province is above 60%.Moreover, an increase is predicted in the presence of the vector in the western parts and the reservoir in the northern and central parts of the province in the *** the role of environmental and bioclimatic factors in zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis occurrence can provide a guide for policy-makers in the creation and implementation of more effective policies for prevention and control.

关键词： Cutaneous leishmaniasis Climate change RCP scenario Phlebotomus papatasi Rhombomys opimus