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Perceptions of Bark Beetle Landscape Disturbance Effects on Natural Resources and Drinking Water: Assessing Communication and Knowledge Exchange in the Rocky Mountain Region, USA

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第1期14卷 77-100页

作者： Stuart P. Cottrell Katherine Mattor Jana Raadik Cottrell Human Dimensions of Natural Resources Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA forest and rangeland stewardship (FRS) Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA University Honors Program Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA Kuressaare College of Tallinn University of Technology Kuressaare Estonia

Widespread changes to forested watersheds affected by the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) epidemic across western North America raised concerns about the effects of this climate-induced disturbance on drinking water and natural resources. Effective communication and knowledge exchange across scientists and stakeholders (i.e., drinking water managers) is essential for constructively responding to such landscape scale disturbances, providing improved adaptive capacity through knowledge sharing. An assessment of stakeholder knowledge levels, information needs, primary concerns, and suggested communication strategies were conducted via an online elicitation survey and World Science Café workshops. Knowledge levels, assessed via a survey of local water managers and experts, were relatively low with approximately half of the respondents reporting little to no knowledge of the effects of mountain pine beetle on drinking water quality and quantity, thereby indicating limited knowledge exchange between scientists and drinking water stakeholders. Increased accessibility and dissemination of research findings pertinent to the mountain pine beetle epidemic’s effects on drinking water quality and quantity is necessary for natural resource management. Recommendations for improved communication among scientists and drinking water stakeholders in particular and forest health in general include dispersal of non-academic research summaries, information exchange through existing media and community resources, demonstration projects, and information clearinghouses. This information provides a better understanding of the challenges, concerns, and first-hand experience of stakeholders of a landscape disturbance issue to apply this knowledge to enhance land management practice and how researchers on this overall project enhanced science communication efforts.

关键词： Adaptive Capacity Climate Change forested Watersheds Water Quality Water Quantity

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Influence of climatic conditions,topography and soil attributes on the spatial distribution of site productivity index of the species rich forests of Jalisco,Mexico

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Journal of forestry Research 2014年第1期25卷 87-95页

作者： Adel Mohamed Robin M.Reich Raj Khosla C.Aguirre-Bravo Martin Mendoza Briseo department of Ecology and rangeland stewardship Desert Research Center department of forest and rangeland stewardship Colorado State University department of Soil and Crop Sciences Colorado State University USDA forest Service Colegio de Postgraduados

This paper presents an approach based on field data to model the spatial distribution of the site productivity index （SPI） of the diverse forest types in Jalisco, Mexico and the response in SPI to site and cli-matic conditions. A linear regression model was constructed to test the hypothesis that site and climate variables can be used to predict the SPI of the major forest types in Jalisco. SPI varied significantly with topog-raphy （elevation, aspect and slope）, soil attributes （pH, sand and silt）, climate （temperature and precipitation zones） and forest type. The most important variable in the model was forest type, which accounted for 35% of the variability in SPI. Temperature and precipitation accounted for 8 to 9% of the variability in SPI while the soil attributes accounted for less than 4% of the variability observed in SPI. No significant differences were detected between the observed and predicted SPI for the individual forest types. The linear regression model was used to develop maps of the spatial variability in predicted SPI for the individual forest types in the state. The spatial site productivity models developed in this study provides a basis for understanding the complex relationship that exists between forest productivity and site and climatic conditions in the state. Findings of this study will assist resource managers in making cost-effective decisions about the management of individual forest types in the state of Jalisco, Mexico.

关键词： Best management practices climate change spatial predic-tions tropical dry forests weighted least squares

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Empirical evaluation of confidence and prediction intervals for spatial models of forest structure in Jalisco,Mexico

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Journal of forestry Research 2011年第2期22卷 159-166页

作者： Robin M.Reich C.Aguirre-Bravo Vanessa A.Bravo Martin Mendoza Briseo department of forest and rangeland stewardship Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523-1472 USA USDA forest Service ArlingtonVA 22209-2131 USA Clegio de Postgraduados Campus MontecillosTexcocoMexico

In recent years there has been an increasing interest in developing spatial statistical models for data sets that are seemingly spatially *** lack of spatial structure makes it difficult,if not impossible to use optimal predictors such as ordinary kriging for modeling the spatial variability in the *** many instances,the data still contain a wealth of information that could be used to gain flexibility and precision in *** this paper we propose using a combination of regression analysis to describe the large-scale spatial variability in a set of survey data and a tree-based stratification design to enhance the estimation process of the small-scale spatial *** this approach,sample units（i.e.,pixel of a satellite image） are classified with respect to predictions of error attributes into homogeneous classes,and the classes are then used as strata in the stratified *** variables used as a basis of stratification included terrain data and satellite imagery.A decision rule was used to identify a tree size that minimized the error in estimating the variance of the mean response and prediction uncertainties at new spatial *** approach was applied to a set of n=937 forested plots from a state-wide inventory conducted in 2006 in the Mexican State of *** final models accounted for 62% to 82% of the variability observed in canopy closure（%）,basal area（m2·ha-1）,cubic volumes（m3·ha-1） and biomass（t·ha-1） on the sample *** spatial models provided unbiased estimates and when averaged over all sample units in the population,estimates of forest structure were very close to those obtained using classical estimates based on the sampling strategy used in the state-wide *** spatial models also provided unbiased estimates of model variances leading to confidence and prediction coverage rates close to the 0.95 nominal rate.

关键词： tree-based stratified design generalized least squares standardized mean squared error Landsat-7 ETM+

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Participatory forest Management and Gender Inclusiveness within the Community forest Management Groups of Bhutan

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第4期12卷 12-30页

作者： Norbu Zangmo Takuya Hiroshima Spencer Sibanda Jigme Dorji department of Global Agricultural Sciences Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan forest Monitoring and Evaluation Section Forest Monitoring and Information Division Department of Forests and Park Services Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources Thimphu Bhutan department of Information and Computer Sciences Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Japan Project Management Unit Department of Tourism Thimphu Bhutan

Community forest management groups (CFMGs) in Bhutan exhibit participatory forest management practices that recognize the importance of community’s collective participation in the management of natural forest resources. This approach involves the community in the stewardship of designated forest areas and resources to ensure sustainable livelihoods and realization of forest conservation objectives. The increase of CFMGs in the country has been successful. However, research on the extent of gender-inclusive participation in CFMGs is either insufficient or missing vis-à-vis the allocation of decision-making power. Therefore, this study analyzes the factors influencing gender participation in CFMGs and their integration into decision-making processes. Primary data were collected from 12 study sites spanning 4 regions, complemented by secondary data from the forest department. Regression models were used to identify factors significantly influencing CFMG member participation in decision-making. The empirical results of this study reveal that gender is a significant factor influencing participation in CFMG decision-making. The study concludes that there is insufficient participation of women members in decision-making processes. Therefore, consideration of gender should be included in the development phase of the CFMG policy in addition to promoting awareness of inequity between gender and the promotion of leadership roles for women in CFMGs.

关键词： Decision-Making Face-to-Face Interview Regression Analysis Women

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Interaction between climate and management on beta diversity components of vegetation in relation to soil properties in arid and semi-arid oak forests, Iran

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第1期11卷 43-57页

作者： Heydari MEHDI Aazami FATEMEH Faramarzi MARZBAN Omidipour REZA Bazgir MASOUD Pothier DAVID Prévosto BERNARD department of forest Science College of Agriculture Ilam University department of rangeland and Watershed Management College of Agriculture Ilam University department of rangeland and Watershed Management College of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences Shahrekord University department of Soil Science College of Agriculture Ilam University department of Wood and forest Sciences Centre for Forest Research Laval University Irstea-National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture

This study aimed to investigate the interaction between regions with different climatic conditions(arid vs. semi-arid) and management(protected vs. unprotected) on the turnover and nestedness of vegetation in relation to physical, chemical and biological properties of soils in the Ilam Province of Iran. In each of the two regions, we sampled 8 sites(4 managed and 4 unmanaged sites) within each of which we established 4 circular plots(1000 m^2) that were used to investigate woody species, while two micro-plots(1 m×1 m) were established in each 1000-m^2 plot to analyze herbaceous species. In each sample unit, we also extracted three soil samples(0–20 cm depth) for measuring soil properties. The results indicated that the interaction between region and conservational management significantly affected the percent of canopy cover of Persian oak(Quercus brantii Linddl), soil respiration, substrate-induced respiration, as well as beta and gamma diversities and turnover of plant species. The percent of oak canopy cover was positively correlated with soil silt, electrical conductivity, available potassium, and alpha diversity, whereas it was negatively correlated with plant turnover. In addition, plant turnover was positively related to available phosphorus, while nestedness of species was positively related to organic carbon and total nitrogen. According to these results, we concluded that physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of limited ecological niche generally influenced plant diversity. Also, this study demonstrated the major contribution of the beta diversity on gamma diversity, especially in semi-arid region, because of the higher heterogeneity of vegetation in this area.

关键词： climatic conditions conservation management beta diversity oak forests physical-chemical property semi-arid region

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Potential influence of wildfire in modulating climate-induced forest redistribution in a central Rocky Mountain landscape

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 52-68页

作者： John L.Campbell Douglas J.Shinneman department of forest Ecosystems and Society Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA U.S.Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science CenterBoiseIDUSA.

Introduction:Climate change is expected to impose significant tension on the geographic distribution of tree ***,tree species range shifts may be delayed by their long life spans,capacity to withstand long periods of physiological stress,and dispersal *** could theoretically break this biological inertia by killing forest canopies and facilitating species redistribution under changing *** investigated the capacity of wildfire to modulate climate-induced tree redistribution across a montane landscape in the central Rocky Mountains under three climate scenarios(contemporary and two warmer future climates)and three wildfire scenarios(representing historical,suppressed,and future fire regimes).Methods:Distributions of four common tree species were projected over 90 years by pairing a climate niche model with a forest landscape simulation model that simulates species dispersal,establishment,and mortality under alternative disturbance regimes and climate ***:Three species(Douglas-fir,lodgepole pine,subalpine fir)declined in abundance over time,due to climate-driven contraction in area suitable for establishment,while one species(ponderosa pine)was unable to exploit climate-driven expansion of area suitable for *** fire frequency accelerated declines in area occupied by Douglas-fir,lodgepole pine,and subalpine fir,and it maintained local abundance but not range expansion of ponderosa ***:Wildfire may play a larger role in eliminating these conifer species along trailing edges of their distributions than facilitating establishment along leading edges,in part due to dispersal limitations and interspecific competition,and future populations may increasingly depend on persistence in locations unfavorable for their establishment.

关键词： forest disturbance Wildfire Climate change Central Rocky Mountains Climate niche Species migration Species distribution

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Unintended consequences of rangeland conservation structures

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第1期9卷 158-165页

作者： Mary H.Nichols Jeremy R Shaw William K.Brandau Southwest Watershed Research Center USDA-ARS2000 E.Allen Rd.TucsonAZ85719USA Colorado State University department of forest&rangeland stewardship Fort CollinsCO80523-1472USA University of Arizona Cooperative Extension Service(retired) SaffordAZ85551USA

By the 1930's vast areas of the western US were severely degraded by overgrazing and *** response,Congress authorized conservation work including the construction of erosion control and water storage,distribution,and conveyance *** of structures such as check dams,water spreaders,and contour berms were built during the 1930s and 40s to control water and sediment in an attempt to restore degraded ***,across most of the western US,these soil and water conservation measures were implemented without the benefit of local hydrologic data or technical design *** of the established conservation practices had been developed for humid regions and were untested for use in semiarid areas that are characterized by highly variable rainfall and flash *** a result,many structures proved ineffective and were subsequently *** in cases where structures were effective,many never received maintenance after their initial *** structurally compromised,abandoned and unmaintained structures continue to alter surface runoff patterns and can greatly exacerbate *** sites in Arizona,USA were selected to charac-terize the multi-decadal impacts of conservation *** have formed in 100%of contour berms(n=67)while 96%of water spreader berms(n=26)were *** failures in these structures has created concentrated flow paths that reorganized routing of runoff and sediment thus transforming sheetflow regimes to concentrated flow *** study emphasizes the unin-tended legacy impacts of soil and water conservation structures and highlights their role as a potential constraint on contemporary resource management.

关键词： Contour berm Erosion Human altered landscape Restoration Semiarid Water spreader

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Small-area estimation of forest stand structure in Jalisco, Mexico

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Journal of forestry Research 2009年第4期20卷 285-292,I0004页

作者： Robin M. Reich Celedonio Aguirre-Bravo department of forest Rangeland and Watershed Stewardship Colorado State University Fort Collins Rocky Mountain Research Station USDA Forest Service Fort Collins

Natural resource statistics are often unavailable for small ecological or economic regions and policymakers have to rely on state-level datasets to evaluate the status of their resources （i.e., forests, rangelands, grasslands, agriculture, etc.） at the regional or local level. These resources can be evaluated using small-area estimation techniques. However, it is unknown which small area technique produces the most valid and precise results. The reliability and accuracy of two methods, synthetic and regression estimators, used in smallarea analyses, were examined in this study. The two small-area analysis methods were applied to data from Jalisco＇s state-wide natural resource inventory to examine how well each technique predicted selected characteristics of forest stand structure. The regression method produced the most valid and precise estimates of forest stand characteristics at multiple geographical scales. Therefore, state and local resource managers should utilize the regression method unless appropriate auxiliary information is not available.

关键词： forest structure regression estimator synthetic estimator spatial model stratified random sampling satellite imagery inventory and monitoring

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Leaf photosynthesis and simulated carbon budget of Gentiana straminea from a decade-long warming experiment

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2009年第4期2卷 207-216页

作者： Haihua Shen Julia AKlein Xinquan Zhao Yanhong Tang Environmental Biology Division National Institute for Environmental StudiesOnogawa 16-2TsukubaIbaraki305-8506Japan department of forest Rangeland&Watershed StewardshipColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesXiningQinghaiChina

Aims Alpine ecosystems may experience larger temperature increases due to global warming as compared with lowland *** on physiological adjustment of alpine plants to temperature changes can provide insights into our understanding how these plants are responding to current and future *** tested the hypothesis that alpine plants would exhibit acclimation in photosynthesis and respiration under long-term elevated temperature,and the acclimation may relatively increase leaf carbon gain under warming *** Open-top chambers(OTCs)were set up for a period of 11 years to artificially increase the temperature in an alpine meadow *** measured leaf photosynthesis and dark respiration under different light,temperature and ambient CO_(2)concentrations for Gentiana straminea,a species widely distributed on the Tibetan *** rates of the photosynthetic electron transport(J_(max)),RuBP carboxylation(V_(cmax))and temperature sensitivity of respiration Q10 were obtained from the *** further estimated the leaf carbon budget of *** using the physiological parameters and environmental variables obtained in the *** findings 1)The OTCs consistently elevated the daily mean air temperature by;1.6℃and soil temperature by;0.5℃during the growing season.2)Despite the small difference in the temperature environment,there was strong tendency in the temperature acclimation of *** estimated temperature optimum of light-saturated photosynthetic CO_(2)uptake(A_(max))shifted;1℃higher from the plants under the ambient regime to those under the OTCs warming regime,and the Amax was significantly lower in the warming-acclimated leaves than the leaves outside the OTCs.3)Temperature acclimation of respiration was large and significant:the dark respiration rates of leaves developed in the warming regime were significantly lower than leaves from the ambient environments.4)The simulated net leaf carbon gain

关键词： alpine plant acclimation experimental warming open-top chamber photosynthesis temperature

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Egg quality, fatty acid composition and immunoglobulin Y content in eggs from laying hens fed full fat camelina or flax seed

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 374-381页

作者： Gita Cherian Nathalie Quezada department of Animal and rangeland Sciences Oregon State University

Background： The current study was conducted to evaluate egg quality and egg yolk fatty acids and immunoglobulin（Ig Y） content from laying hens fed full fat camelina or flax ***： A total of 75, 48-week-old Lohman brown hens were randomly allocated to 3 treatments, with 5replicates containing 5 laying hens each replicate. The hens were fed corn-soybean basal diet（Control）, or Control diet with 10 % of full fat camelina（Camelina） or flax seed（Flax） for a period of 16 wk. Hen production performance egg quality, egg yolk lipids, fatty acids and Ig Y were determined every 28 d during the experimental ***： Egg production was higher in hens fed Camelina and Flax than in Control hens（P 〈 0.05）. Egg weight and albumen weight was lowest in eggs from hens fed Camelina（P 〈 0.05）. Shell weight relative to egg weight（shell weight %）, and shell thickness was lowest in eggs from hens fed Flax（P 〈 0.05）. No difference was noted in Haugh unit, yolk：albumen ratio, and yolk weight. Significant increase in α-linolenic（18：3 n-3）, docosapentaenoic（22：5 n-3）and docoshexaenoic（22：6 n-3） acids were observed in egg yolk from hens fed Camelina and Flax. Total n-3 fatty acids constituted 1.19 % in Control eggs compared to 3.12 and 3.09 % in Camelina and Flax eggs, respectively（P 〈 0.05）. Eggs from hens fed Camelina and Flax had the higher Ig Y concentration than those hens fed Control diet when expressed on a mg/g of yolk basis（P 〈 0.05）. Although the egg weight was significantly lower in Camelina-fed hens, the total egg content of Ig Y was highest in eggs from hens fed Camelina（P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions： The egg n-3 fatty acid and Ig Y enhancing effect of dietary camelina seed warrants further attention into the potential of using camelina as a functional feed ingredient in poultry feeding.

关键词： Camelina seed Egg quality Flax seed Immunoglobulin Y n-3 fatty acids

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