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Maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for coproducing multiple chemicals

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： Byeongchan Ahn Sua Jo Jonggeol Na J.Jay Liu Young-Ju Kim Wangyun Won department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated process) Kyung Hee University department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans University department of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University resources Engineering Plant Research department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly focused on cellulose and hemicellulose restricts the economic and environmental feasibilities. To cope with this issue, we proposed an integrated process of co-producing 1,6-hexanediol（1,6-HDO） with tetrahydrofuran and adipic acid from biomass, referred to as Strategy A. To compare the impacts of lignin upgrading and feedstock, Strategy B, which co-produces tetrahydrofuran alone, and Strategy C, which is the traditional route to produce 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduce operating costs and indirect carbon emissions due to energy consumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and cooling requirements, respectively, in Strategy A. The market competitiveness of Strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling price through techno-economic analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impacts through both midpoint and endpoint life-cycle assessments（LCAs）.Strategy A was found to be the most favorable both economically（USRDSCHARDOLLAR3,402/ton） and environmentally（-26.9 kg CO2eq.）. This indicates that lignin valorization is not only economically but also environmentally preferred. Finally, changes in economic and environmental feasibilities depending on economic, process, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based chemical production.

关键词： Biorefinery Carbon mitigation Climate change Global warming Lignin utilization Bioeconomy

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Nature Experience, Recreation Activity and Health Benefits of Visitors in Mountain and Urban forests in Vienna, Zurich and Freiburg

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第6期12卷 1551-1561页

作者： Ju-hyoung LEE Duk-jae LEE department of forest resources Faculty of Natural Resources Yeungnam University department of forest resources College of Life & Environmental Science Daegu University

Mountain forests are managed for various purposes. Of these, recreation, leisure, and ecotourism are increasingly gaining prominence. Yet, with the development of new techniques for creating and managing urban forests, the perception of the public with regard to mountain forests and such urban forests is narrowing. For the purpose of this study, eight mountain forests and urban forests located in Zurich(Switzerland), Vienna(Austria) and Freiburg(Germany) were shortlisted. These places are renowned for their well-functioning management of mountain forests and creation of urban forests. As the study was to focus on the comparison of the perceptions of visitors in terms of their satisfaction in urban and mountain forests, the interview covered the following questions:(i) how satisfactory was the nature experience;(ii) how satisfactory were the outdoor recreational activities;(iii) whether the nature experiences influenced the mental and physical health of visitors. Responses thus received for each of the mountain forests and urban forests were assessed, with the total number of respondents being 247. Tourists visiting the selected areas were randomly chosen for a one-on-one interview survey. Results of the survey show that there is a clear perceptions of visitors differed between urban and mountain forests. However, the gap is insignificant or almost nonexistent with respect to satisfaction level of outdoor recreational activities and health benefits. These results are contrary to the findings of previous studies, which argued that the natural landscape of mountain areas is superior to other artificially built green spaces. Visitors did not perceive significant differences in outdoor recreational activities and health effects between the two spaces.

关键词： Europe Satisfaction Outdoor recreation Interview survey Preference

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Effects of Trichoderma harzianum YC_(459) and soil types on seed germination and seedling growth in rock slope restoration

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第4期15卷 730-737页

作者： MA Hoseop ETTAGBOR Hans Enukwa KIM Choonsig department of forest environmental resources Institute of Agriculture and Life Science Gyeongsang National University department of forest resources Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology

We carried out experiments with various concentrations of Trichoderma harzianum YC459 in different soil types(forest soil, mixed soil,merchantable soil, and leaf mold soil) to evaluate its effect on seed germination and seedling establishment of four species(Festuca arundinacea Schreb., Dianthus barbatus var. asiaticus Nakai,Lespedeza cyrtobotrya Miq., and Parthenocissus tricuspidata Planch) for rock slope restoration. We also investigated the use of drilled slanted holes on the rock slopes for seedling establishment. The results showed that T. harzianum concentration had significant effects on seed germination, seedling growth, and seedling survival for all the species with different soil types. Seed germination and survival rates peaked at 5% T. harzianum concentration with leaf mold soil and decreased as T. harzianum concentration increased from 5% to 10%. Seedling survival rates of all four species were generally lowest at 0% T. harzianum concentration in all soil *** height of F. arundinacea and L. cyrtobotrya peaked at 5% T. harzianum concentration whereas that of D. barbatus and P. tricuspidata peaked at 10%T. harzianum concentration. We concluded that 5% T. harzianum concentration with leaf mold soil is appropriate for seed germination and seedling survival rates of most species, thus enhancing seedling establishment. Practical application of the findings of this study will contribute in the vegetation restoration of steep rocks in mountain environments.

关键词： Dianthus barbatus Drilled holes Festuca arundinacea Lespedeza cyrtobotrya Seedling establishment Seedling survival

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Changes and development plans in the mountain villages of South Korea:Comparison of the first and second national surveys

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第8期14卷 1473-1489页

作者： Hag Mo KANG Hyun KIM Chang Heon LEE Chong Kyu LEE Soo Im CHOI department of forest environmental Science Chonbuk National University Jeollabuk-do forest Environment Research Institute department of forest resources Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology department of forest resources Sunchon National University

Owing to the geographic disadvantages of mountain villages, the social, cultural, and economic conditions of mountain villagers are inferior to those of urban dwellers in South Korea. Thus, in 1995, the The government of South Korea launched a mountain village development support program to promote agriculture and forestry, balance national land development, and preserve cultural heritage. The program was effectively implemented, improving the income, population size, and living conditions of villagers in addition to setting up a system for stable project implementation. However, concerns were raised about long-term development planning, the creation and marketing of specialty brands, facility management/operation, and follow-up support. The government conducted surveys of mountain villagers in 2003 and 2014, obtaining basic data to address these issues. This study evaluates the outcomes of these two surveys, suggesting areas requiring focusedaction, concentrating on village development projects, forest resource distribution and use, demographic trends, the economy, exchange with urban areas, green tourism, and master planning. We find that despite growth in the forest labor force, forest ownership is diminishing in terms of the number and scale of holdings. Consequently, it is necessary to commercialize forest resources, establish favorable settlement conditions, and expand government support for village-run projects. In addition, systematic forest management for older tree age classes would benefit the public and provide assets for future mountain village development. Our results are expected to provide baseline information for the establishment and efficient implementation of mountain village development policy.

关键词： forest resources management Mountain village changes Mountain village economy Support for mountain villages Urban-rural exchange

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A structural relationship between place attachment and intention to conserve landscapes–a case study of Harz National Park in Germany

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第5期14卷 998-1007页

作者： Dukjae LEE Ju-Hyoung LEE department of forest resources University of Daegu department of forest resources Yeungnam University

Place attachment is an important motivation for people to spend more time outdoors and to protect *** study explores visitors' intention to conserve natural landscapes based on the relationship with their place attachment to National Park landscape. Structural equation modelling(SEM) was used to determine the relationship between landscape conservation and place attachment. A survey with a structured questionnaire was administered to visitors to the seven designated hiking courses of Harz National Park in Germany. The path coefficient of 0.77 revealed that place dependence positively and significantly affected place attachment, whereas place identity did not. Place attachment had a significant effect on both affective appraisals and visiting satisfaction. Higher place attachment led to higher emotional reaction to landscapes on site and higher satisfaction of visiting the park. Among the variables, visiting satisfaction, but not affective appraisals, played a statistically significant mediating role between place attachment and conservation intention. With a path coefficient of 0.86, conservation intention was highly affected by visiting satisfaction. These results suggest that the managers of National Parks should focus on increasing visiting satisfaction based on how visitors are emotionally bonded with their visiting places, in order to enhance the intentions to conserve the landscape of the visitors to National Parks.

关键词： Place attachment Sense of place Mountain forests Structural Equation Model Landscape preference

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Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon C.Smith Jessica L.Williams department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(CNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

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Below-ground growth characteristics of 13-year-old Pinus densiflora on different contour conditions in a post-fire plantation in Samcheuk,Korea

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Journal of forestry Research 2017年第5期28卷 1007-1018页

作者： Do-Hyun Kim Sung-Jun Na Sea-Hyun Kim Ewane Basil Ewane Dae-Bong Kang Do-Hyung Lee department of forest resources Yeungnam University department of forest Genetic resources National Institute of Forest Science

We estimated the growth volume of artificially reforested Pinus densiflora in a post-fire area on three different contour conditions by comparing and analyzing the vertical and horizontal distributions of below-ground roots on each contour. The main roots at the south-facing slope (SS) developed in a long and straight form, and those on the north-facing slope (NS) in a twisted form. The side roots developed more than the main roots on the Ridge. The depth of taproots decreased in the following order: SS > NS > Ridge. The roots on the SS developed in a pile-form root structure whereas those in the Ridge and NS developed concentrically near the root collar. The amount of root development decreased in the following order: SS > NS > Ridge. The ratio of fine roots from the whole-root development decreased in the following order: Ridge > SS > NS. These results can guide considerations of growth differences according to the planting contour conditions for future establishment of P. densiflora artificial plantations.

关键词： Pinus densiflora Growth characteristics Contour conditions Post-fire plantation Wildfire Restoration Soil depth

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Comments on three comparative analyses of stem taper models published in Journal of Mountain Science in 2014-2016

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第3期13卷 534-535页

作者： Harold E.BURKHART department of forest resources and environmental Conservation Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University(Virginia Tech)

Recently the Journal of Mountain Science published three papers（Lumbres et al.2014;Jung et al.2015;Lumbres et al.2016）that compared selected taper models for bias and precision when estimating upper stem diameters f... 详细信息

关键词： diameters fitting commentary consequences estimating fitted choice segmented resultant exponent

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Smart Cellulose‑Based Janus Fabrics with Switchable Liquid Transportation for Personal Moisture and Thermal Management

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 333-347页

作者： Jianfeng Xi Yanling Lou Liucheng Meng Chao Deng Youlu Chu Zhaoyang Xu Huining Xiao Weibing Wu Jiangsu Co‑Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of forest resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and MaterialsJiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Sustainable Pulp and Paper Technology and Biomass MaterialsNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China department of Chemical Engineering University of New BrunswickFrederictonNB E3B 5A3Canada Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute University of BayreuthBayreuth 95440Germany

The Janus fabrics designed for personal moisture/thermal regulation have garnered significant attention for their potential to enhance human ***,the development of smart and dynamic fabrics capable of managing personal moisture/thermal comfort in response to changing external environments remains a ***,a smart cellulose-based Janus fabric was designed to dynamically manage personal moisture/*** cotton fabric was grafted with N-isopropylacrylamide to construct a temperature-stimulated transport ***,hydrophobic ethyl cellulose and hydrophilic cellulose nanofiber were sprayed on the bottom and top sides of the fabric to obtain wettability *** fabric exhibits anti-gravity directional liquid transportation from hydrophobic side to hydrophilic side,and can dynamically and continuously control the transportation time in a wide range of 3–66 s as the temperature increases from 10 to 40℃.This smart fabric can quickly dissipate heat at high temperatures,while at low temperatures,it can slow down the heat dissipation rate and prevent the human from becoming too *** addition,the fabric has UV shielding and photodynamic antibacterial properties through depositing graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets on the hydrophilic *** smart fabric offers an innovative approach to maximizing personal comfort in environments with significant temperature variations.

关键词： Directional water transport Cotton fabric Anti-gravity directional liquid transportation Janus wettability

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Image texture indices and trend analysis for forest disturbance assessment under wood harvest regimes

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Journal of forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 579-587页

作者： Abdolrassoul Salmanmahiny Malihe Erfani Afshin Danehkar Vahid Etemad department of environmental Science Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesGorgānIran department of environmental Sciences Faculty of Natural ResourcesUniversity of ZabolZabolIran department of environmental Sciences Faculty of Natural ResourcesUniversity of TehranTehranIran department of forestry and forest Economics Faculty of Natural ResourcesUniversity of TehranTehranIran

Effective disturbance indices for Hyrcanian forests in Kheyroud,Nowshahr,Iran were *** study area was divided into landscape mosaics based on ecosystem parameters including profile type,slope and ***-occurrence texture indices were derived as forest disturbance factors on the first five bands of Landsat TM,ETM+and OLI images for the prevailing wood harvest disturbance *** indices were screened using ten types of trend analyses and used for modeling disturbance of the harvesting regime through artificial neural *** results show that the selected indices can be useful in distinguishing areas with different disturbance intensities and as such,used in the context of health assessment through the health distance *** accuracy of the health maps derived from the indices[increasing disturbance]led to give rise higher disturbance classification accuracy.

关键词： Ecosystem health Disturbance Trend analysis Co-occurrence texture indices Landscape mosaics

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