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Recent Developments in Authentication Schemes Used in Machine-Type Communication Devices in Machine-to-Machine Communication: Issues and Challenges

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 93-115页

作者： Shafi Ullah Sibghat Ullah Bazai Mohammad Imran Qazi Mudassar Ilyas Abid Mehmood Muhammad Asim Saleem Muhmmad Aasim Rafique Arsalan Haider Ilyas Khan Sajid Iqbal Yonis Gulzar Kauser Hameed department of Computer engineering Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering and Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan department of Information Technology Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineeringand Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan department of Information Systems College of Computer Sciences and Information TechnologyKing Faisal UniversityHofuf in Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia department of Management Information Systems College of Business AdministrationKing Faisal UniversityHofuf in Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia department of Software engineering College of ComputingRiphah International UniversityFaisalabad44000Pakistan department of Electrical engineering Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineeringand Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan department of Mathematics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication plays a fundamental role in autonomous IoT (Internet of Things)-based infrastructure, a vital part of the fourth industrial revolution. Machine-type communication devices(MTCDs) regularly share extensive data without human intervention while making all types of decisions. Thesedecisions may involve controlling sensitive ventilation systems maintaining uniform temperature, live heartbeatmonitoring, and several different alert systems. Many of these devices simultaneously share data to form anautomated system. The data shared between machine-type communication devices (MTCDs) is prone to risk dueto limited computational power, internal memory, and energy capacity. Therefore, securing the data and devicesbecomes challenging due to factors such as dynamic operational environments, remoteness, harsh conditions,and areas where human physical access is difficult. One of the crucial parts of securing MTCDs and data isauthentication, where each devicemust be verified before data transmission. SeveralM2Mauthentication schemeshave been proposed in the literature, however, the literature lacks a comprehensive overview of current M2Mauthentication techniques and the challenges associated with them. To utilize a suitable authentication schemefor specific scenarios, it is important to understand the challenges associated with it. Therefore, this article fillsthis gap by reviewing the state-of-the-art research on authentication schemes in MTCDs specifically concerningapplication categories, security provisions, and performance efficiency.

关键词： Authentication cyber security internet of things machine-type communication devices machine-to-machine communication

Color and Gloss Changes of a Lignin-Based Polyurethane Coating under Accelerated Weathering

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第2期12卷 305-323页

作者： Fatemeh Hassani Khorshidi Saeed Kazemi Najafi Farhood Najafi Antonio Pizzi Dick Sandberg Rabi Behrooz department of wood Science and Technology Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran department of Resin and Additives Institute for Color Science and TechnologyP.O.Box 16765-654TehranIran LERMAB University of LorraineBlvd des AiguillettesNancy54000France wood Science and engineering LuleåUniversity of TechnologySkellefteåSweden

The purpose of this research study was to investigate the properties of polyurethane coatings based on lignin *** this purpose,the prepared coatings were applied to pine wood surfaces and weathered ***,color and gloss of the coatings were measured before and after the weathering *** emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM)micrographs prepared from the coatings showed that the average size of nano-particles in the polyurethane substrate was approximately 500 *** magnetic resonance(13C-NMR)spectroscopy showed that strong urethane bonds were formed in the nano-lignin-based *** calorimetric analysis(DSC)test revealed that the glass-transition temperature(Tg)of lignin nanoparticles modified with diethylenetriamine(DETA)was 112.8℃ and Tg of lignin nano-particles modified with ethylenediamine(EDA)was 102.5℃,which is lower than the Tg of un-modified lignin(114.6℃)and lignin modified with DETA(126.8℃)and lignin modified with EDA(131.3℃).The coatings modified with lignin nano-particles had a greater change in *** lignin nano-particles in the modified coating are trapping hydroxyl radicals which reduces photoactivity and yellowing of the polyurethane by about 3 times compared to unmodified polyurethane *** weathering test,the nano-lignin-based coating had a rougher surface with a lower contact angle(0.78°)compared to the unmodified polyurethane coating(0.85°).

关键词： Amination propylene carbonate lignin biopolymer polyurethane coating polyol UN SDG 13

A review on plasma-based CO_(2) utilization:process considerations in the development of sustainable chemical production

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第9期26卷 1-16页

作者： Sirui LI Giulia De FELICE Simona EICHKORN Tao SHAO Fausto GALLUCCI department of Chemical engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5612 AZthe Netherlands Institute of Electrical engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China

Plasma-based processes,particularly in carbon capture and utilization,hold great potential for addressing environmental challenges and advancing a circular carbon *** significant progress has been made in understanding plasma-induced reactions,plasma-catalyst interactions,and reactor development to enhance energy efficiency and conversion,there remains a notable gap in research concerning overall process *** review emphasizes the critical need for considerations at the process level,including integration and intensification,to facilitate the industrialization of plasma technology for chemical *** centered on the development of plasma-based processes are made with a primary focus on CO_(2) conversion,offering insights to guide future work for the transition of the technology from laboratory scale to industrial *** of current research gaps,especially in upscaling and integrating plasma reactors with other process units,is the key to addressing critical *** review further delves into relevant research in process evaluation and assessment,providing methodological insights and highlighting key factors for comprehensive economic and sustainability ***,recent advancements in novel plasma systems are reviewed,presenting unique advantages and innovative concepts that could reshape the future of process *** review provides essential information for navigating the path forward,ensuring a comprehensive understanding of challenges and opportunities in the development of plasma-based CCU process.

关键词： non-thermal plasma carbon capture and utilization process integration process intensification techno-economic analysis life cycle analysis

Characteristics of Biopellets Manufactured from Various Lignocellulosic Feedstocks as Alternative Renewable Energy Sources

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第6期12卷 1103-1123页

作者： Anggara Ridho Putra Apri Heri Iswanto Arif Nuryawan Saptadi Darmawan ElvaraWindra Madyaratri Widya Fatriasari Lee Seng Hua Petar Antov Harisyah Manurung Ade Pera Amydha Sudrajat Herawati Pendi department of forest Products Faculty of ForestryUniversitas Sumatera Utara.Kampus USU Padang BulanMedan20155Indonesia Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Jl Raya Bogor KM 46 CibinongBogor16911Indonesia department of wood Industry Faculty of Applied SciencesUniversiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Cawangan Pahang Kampus JengkaShah Alam26400Malaysia Faculty of forest Industry University of ForestrySofia1797Bulgaria

The increased valorization of renewable and cost-effective lignocellulosic feedstocks represents a viable,sustainable,and eco-friendly approach toward the production of biopellets as alternative energy *** aim of this research work was to investigate and evaluate the feasibility of using various lignocellulosic raw materials,i.e.,raru(Cotylelobium melanoxylon),mangrove(Rhizophora spp.),sengon(Paraserianthes falcataria),kemenyan toba(Styrax sumatrana),oil palm(Elaeis guineensis),manau rattan(Calamus manan),and belangke bamboo(Gigantochloa pruriens)for manufacturing biopellets with different particle *** raw materials used were tested for their moisture content,specific gravity,ash,cellulose,and lignin *** addition,thermal analyses,i.e.,calorific values,thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),were *** following properties of the biopellets produced were investigated:moisture content,volatile matter,ash content,fixed carbon,density,and thermal *** on an analysis of the raw materials,raru had the lowest moisture content(12%)and ash content(1.5%)and the highest specific gravity(1.2).Markedly,palm oil stem had the highestα-cellulose(55%)and lignin(37%)*** accordance with the SNI 8675:2018 standard requirements,biopellets with optimal properties(moisture content of 1.4%,ash content of 0.79%,density of 1.09 g/m^(3),calorific value of 4672 cal/g,and TGA residue of 13.9%),were manufactured from raru wood.

关键词： Biomass biopellet renewable energy particle size

Spectral Selectivity of CdTe Cells with Substrate Configuration for Photovoltaic/Thermal Applications

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1542-1553页

作者： CHEN Ken HU Kongfu ZHAO Bin CHEN Tao HAO Yong PEI Gang department of Thermal Science and Energy engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027China Key Laboratory of Solar Thermal Conversion of Anhui Province Hefei230027China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical sciences at Microscale Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Institute of engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing100049China

Existing photovoltaic cells with high infrared emissivity generate huge radiative heat loss in photovoltaic/thermal applications and degrade the photothermal *** purpose of this work is to evaluate the full spectral absorptivity of CdTe cells to find a spectrally selective photovoltaic cell for photovoltaic/thermal *** this end,the solar absorptivity and mid-infrared thermal emissivity of CdTe cells were tested by ellipsometry,UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer,and Fourier transform infrared *** experimental results show that the AM 1.5 solar spectrum weighted absorptivity of the substrate configuration CdTe cell reaches 0.91,and the mid-infrared emissivity is only 0.29,while the superstrate configuration cell emissivity is as high as *** research shows that substrate configuration with a transparent conductive layer on top can be flexibly grown on metal foils and has spectral selectivity with high solar absorptivity and low mid-infrared emissivity should be considered in the future for photovoltaic/thermal applications.

关键词： photovoltaic/thermal spectral selectivity substrate configuration CdTe cell ITO

Neuronal conversion from glia to replenish the lost neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1446-1453页

作者： Shiyu Liang Jing Zhou Xiaolin Yu Shuai Lu Ruitian Liu National Key Laboratory of Biochemical engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Chemical engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina department of Geriatric Rehabilitation Beijing Rehabilitation HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Neuronal injury,aging,and cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases such as cerebral infarction,Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,frontotemporal dementia,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and Huntington’s disease are characte rized by significant neuronal *** rtunately,the neurons of most mammals including humans do not possess the ability to *** of lost neurons becomes an appealing therapeutic strategy to reve rse the disease *** of pluripotent neural stem cells can supplement the missing neurons in the brain,but it carries the risk of causing gene mutation,tumorigenesis,severe inflammation,and obstructive hydrocephalus induced by brain *** of neural or non-neural lineage cells into functional neurons is a promising strategy for the diseases involving neuron loss,which may overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of neural stem cell *** far,many strategies to transfo rm astrocytes,fibroblasts,microglia,Muller glia,NG2 cells,and other glial cells to mature and functional neurons,or for the conversion between neuronal subtypes have been developed thro ugh the regulation of transcription factors,polypyrimidine tra ct binding protein 1(PTBP1),and small chemical molecules or are based on a combination of several factors and the location in the central nervous ***,some recent papers did not obtain expected results,and discrepancies ***,in this review,we discuss the history of neuronal transdifferentiation,summarize the strategies for neuronal replenishment and conversion from glia,especially astrocytes,and point out that biosafety,new strategies,and the accurate origin of the truly co nverted neurons in vivo should be focused upon in future *** also arises the attention of replenishing the lost neurons from glia by gene therapies such as up-regulation of some transc ription factors or downregulation of PTBP1 or drug interfe rence therapies.

关键词： astrocytes neural stem cells neurodegenerative diseases neuron polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 repair reprogramming small molecule transcription factor transdifferentiation

Ultra-high-Q free-space coupling to microtoroid resonators

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 682-695页

作者： Sartanee Suebka Euan McLeod Judith Su Wyant College of Optical sciences University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA department of Biomedical engineering University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA

Whispering gallery mode(WGM)microtoroid resonators are one of the most sensitive biochemical sensors in existence,capable of detecting single *** main barrier for translating these devices out of the laboratory is that light is evanescently coupled into these devices though a tapered optical *** hinders translation of these devices as the taper is fragile,suffers from mechanical vibration,and requires precise ***,we eliminate the need for an optical fiber by coupling light into and out from a toroid via free-space coupling and monitoring the scattered resonant light.A single long working distance objective lens combined with a digital micromirror device(DMD)was used for light injection,scattered light collection,and *** obtain Q-factors as high as 1:6´108 with this *** induced transparency(EIT)-like and Fano resonances were observed in a single cavity due to indirect coupling in free *** enables improved sensing *** large effective coupling area(~10μm in diameter for numerical aperture=0.14)removes the need for precise *** performance was verified by combining the system with the frequency locked whispering evanescent resonator(FLOWER)approach to perform temperature sensing experiments.A thermal nonlinear optical effect was examined by tracking the resonance through FLOWER while adjusting the input *** believe that this work will be a foundation for expanding the implementation of WGM microtoroid resonators to real-world applications.

关键词： coupling scattered precise

Hybrid Approach for Cost Efficient Application Placement in Fog-Cloud Computing Environments

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4127-4148页

作者： Abdulelah Alwabel Chinmaya Kumar Swain department of Computer sciences College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia department of Computer Science and engineering Institute of Management and Information TechnologyCuttackBPUTOdishaIndia

Fog computing has recently developed as a new paradigm with the aim of addressing time-sensitive applications better than with cloud computing by placing and processing tasks in close proximity to the data ***,the majority of the fog nodes in this environment are geographically scattered with resources that are limited in terms of capabilities compared to cloud nodes,thus making the application placement problem more complex than that in cloud *** approach for cost-efficient application placement in fog-cloud computing environments that combines the benefits of both fog and cloud computing to optimize the placement of applications and services while minimizing *** approach is particularly relevant in scenarios where latency,resource constraints,and cost considerations are crucial factors for the deployment of *** this study,we propose a hybrid approach that combines a genetic algorithm(GA)with the Flamingo Search Algorithm(FSA)to place application modules while minimizing *** consider four cost-types for application deployment:Computation,communication,energy consumption,and *** proposed hybrid approach is called GA-FSA and is designed to place the application modules considering the deadline of the application and deploy them appropriately to fog or cloud nodes to curtail the overall cost of the *** extensive simulation is conducted to assess the performance of the proposed approach compared to other state-of-the-art *** results demonstrate that GA-FSA approach is superior to the other approaches with respect to task guarantee ratio(TGR)and total cost.

关键词： Placement mechanism application module placement fog computing cloud computing genetic algorithm flamingo search algorithm

Anticipating the lifespan: Predicting the durability of an anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell short stack over 50,000 h

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第3期34卷 606-613页

作者： Muhammad Zubair Khan Amjad Hussain Seung-Bok Lee Tak-Hyoung Lim Rak-Hyun Song department of Materials Science & engineering Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Hydrogen Energy Research Division Korea Institute of Energy Research department of Advanced Energy and System engineering Korea University of Science and Technology (UST)

In the present study, the operational lifetime of a solid oxide fuel(SOFC) short stack is predicted by investigating the performance degradation of both the short stack and its cells throughout 1000 h at 800°C. The short stack and integral cell voltages are continuously measured during the long-term test, with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) conducted every 200 h. The short stack voltage decreased rapidly for the initial 200–300 h and afterwards, it decreased at a slow rate due to the increase in the Ohmic and polarization resistances in the same manner. Scanning electron microscopy results show that there is no delamination or cracking among constituent layers of the short-stack cells. The single degradation effects of the Ni coarsening in the anode, cation migration and surface segregation in cathode and oxide scale growth in metallic interconnect mesh are successfully integrated into a comprehensive lifetime prediction model. The experimentally measured voltage degradation data of the short stack fits well with the developed mathematical model and allows the successful prediction of the lifetime up to 50,000 h.

关键词： Degradation Impedance Lifetime SOFC Stack