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Fatty acids derived from oviposition systems guide female black soldier flies(Hermetia illucens)toward egg deposition sites

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1231-1248页

作者： Patrick Klüber Emna Arous Jeanny Jerschow Marco Fraatz Daniel Bakonyi Martin Rühl Holger Zorn department Bioresources Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied EcologyGiessenGermany Institute of food Chemistry and food Biotechnology Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany

The black soldier fly,Hermetia illucens,comes with big promises for industrial purposes since its larvae feed polyphagously on a broad spectrum of organic ***,research focusing on adult flies is scarce,which is inconsistent with their reproductive relevance within the rearing *** particular,directed oviposition is a challenge in artificial ***,decomposing organic matter is commonly used as oviposition substrate,which has extensive potential for improvement in view of the lack of standardization and the risk of microbial ***,we identified three fatty acids and one fatty acid methyl ester derived from the surface of old oviposition sites and targeted to elucidate their effect on preference behavior and oviposition site selection using Y-olfactometry and prepared oviposition sites,*** to tetradecanoic acid attracted gravid females and stimulated oviposition most strongly,while decanoic acid demonstrated a repulsive *** kept in mixed-sex populations were attracted by tetradecanoic acid,resulting in a higher egg mass found in the compound box(3.0–11.4 fold),a≥2.3 fold reduction of nonspecifically deposited eggs,and the highest total egg ***,decanoic and dodecanoic acid caused females to lay a greater proportion of eggs nonspecifically outside both *** data suggest that fatty acids,especially tetradecanoic acid,are important cues for oviposition site selection in black soldier *** order to achieve a directed oviposition behavior,the role of further short-and long-chain fatty acids as attractants should be examined.

关键词： black soldier fly Hermetia illucens fatty acids insects as food and feed oviposition oviposition site selection tetradecanoic acid

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Metabolite acetyl-L-carnitine participates in Bifidobacterium animalis F1-7 to ameliorate atherosclerotic inflammation by downregulating theTLR4/NF-κB pathway

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 813-822页

作者： Xi Liang Zhe Zhang Xiaoying Tian Qingyu Cui Haiyan Lu Maozhen Zhao Tongjie Liu Huaxi Yi Pimin Gong Lanwei Zhang department of Nutrition and food Hygiene School of public healthQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China College of food Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China

This study aimed to explore the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis F1-7 on the improvement of atherosclerotic *** model ApoE^(-/-)mice were orally administered with *** F1-7 for 12 *** probiotic intervention reduced the plaque areas in aorta and the accumulation of macrophages,and downregulated the expression of toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factorκB(NF-κB)pathway to reduce the levels of inflammatory *** widely-targeted metabolomics analysis showed that acetyl-L-carnitine(ALC)in the intestine of atherosclerotic mice was significantly increased after *** F1-7 *** analysis proved that ALC was associated with atherosclerotic inflammatory *** using oxidized low density lipoprotein induced macrophage foam cells,we further verified that ALC could reduce lipid accumulation and inflammatory response in foam cells by downregulating the TLR4/NF-κB ***,our results revealed that *** F1-7 upregulated the metabolite ALC to downregulate the inflammatory responses,leading to the reduction of plaque accumulation of atherosclerosis.

关键词： Bifidobacterium animalis F1-7 Atherosclerosis Inflammation Metabonomics Acetyl-L-carnitine

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Distribution of antioxidants and phenolic compounds in flour milling fractions from hard red winter wheat

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第2期7卷 71-78页

作者： Lauren Renee Brewer Jittawan Kubola Sirithon Siriamornpun Yong-Cheng Shi department of Grain Science and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA department of food Innovation and Processing Faculty of Agricultural TechnologyBuriram Rajabhat UniversityBuriram 31000Thailand Research Unit of Thai food innovation Department of Food Technology and NutritionMahasarakham UniversityMahasarakham 44000Thailand

Mature wheat kernels contain three main parts:endosperm,bran,and *** milling results in multiple streams that are chemically different;however,the distribution of antioxidants and phenolic compounds has not been well documented in terms of conventional milling by-product *** this study,multiple analytical methods were used to investigate antioxidant activity and phenolic compound compositions of hard red winter wheat(whole ground wheat),the parts of a wheat kernel(bran,flour,germ),and wheat by-product streams(mill feed,red dog,shorts)for the first *** each mill stream,phenolic compounds(total,flavonoid,and anthocyanin contents)were determined and antioxidant activities were evaluated with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical-scavenging activity,ferric reducing/antioxidant power(FRAP),and total antioxidant capacity *** differences(Pfoods with improved nutritional properties.

关键词： Wheat Milling streams Antioxidants Phenolic acids Flavonoid Anthocyanin

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Toward Human-centered XAIin Practice:A survey

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 740-770页

作者： Xiangwei Kong Shujie Liu Luhao Zhu department of Data Science and management Engineering School of ManagementZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Human adoption of artificial intelligence(AI)technique is largely hampered because of the increasing complexity and opacity of AI *** AI(XAI)techniques with various methods and tools have been developed to bridge this gap between high-performance black-box AI models and human ***,the current adoption of XAI technique stil lacks"human-centered"guidance for designing proper solutions to meet different stakeholders'needs in XAI *** first summarize a human-centered demand framework to categorize different stakeholders into five key roles with specific demands by reviewing existing research and then extract six commonly used human-centered XAI evaluation measures which are helpful for validating the effect of *** addition,a taxonomy of XAI methods is developed for visual computing with analysis of method *** clearer human demands and XAI methods in mind,we take a medical image diagnosis scenario as an example to present an overview of how extant XAI approaches for visual computing fulfil stakeholders'human-centered demands in *** we check the availability of open-source XAI tools for stakeholders'*** survey provides further guidance for matching diverse human demands with appropriate XAI methods or tools in specific applications with a summary of main challenges and future work toward human-centered XAI in practice.

关键词： Artificial intelligence(AI)application explainable AI(XAI) human-centered design visual computing medical diagnosis.

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Models to Simulate Effective Coverage of Fire Station Based on Real-Time Travel Times

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 483-513页

作者： Sicheng Zhu Dingli Liu Weijun Liu Ying Li Tian Zhou department of Engineering management Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha410114China

In recent years,frequent fire disasters have led to enormous damage in *** firefighting rescues can minimize the losses caused by *** the rescue processes,the travel time of fire trucks can be severely affected by traffic conditions,changing the effective coverage of fire ***,it is still challenging to determine the effective coverage of fire stations considering dynamic traffic *** paper addresses this issue by combining the traveling time calculationmodelwith the effective coverage *** addition,it proposes a new index of total effective coverage area(TECA)based on the time-weighted average of the effective coverage area(ECA)to evaluate the urban fire *** also selects China as the case study to validate the feasibility of the models,a fire station(FS-JX)in ***-JX station and its surrounding 9,117 fire risk points are selected as the fire service supply and demand points,respectively.A total of 196 simulation scenarios throughout a consecutiveweek are ***,1,933,815 sets of valid sample data are *** results showed that the TECA of FS-JX is 3.27 km^(2),which is far below the standard requirement of 7.00 km^(2) due to the traffic *** visualization results showed that three rivers around FS-JX interrupt the continuity of its effective *** proposed method can provide data support to optimize the locations of fire stations by accurately and dynamically determining the effective coverage of fire stations.

关键词： Fire services fire station effective coverage real-time traffic simulation

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Effect of Rosmarinus officinalis and Origanum majorana extracts on stability of sunflower oil during storage and repeated heating

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第1期9卷 29-37页

作者： Ali Sahunie department of Analytical and food Chemistry Tishreen UniversityLattakiaSyria

Both rosemary(Rosmarinus officinalis)and marjoram(Origanum majorana)are abundant in phenolic compounds,exhibiting exceptional antioxidant *** study aims to assess the impact of rosemary and marjoram extracts on the stability of sunflower oil during storage and repeated *** oil supplemented with herbal extracts or butylated hydroxytoluene(BHA)at a concentration of 200 ppm was stored for six months under light and dark conditions at room *** value(PV),p-anisidine value(An-V),and total oxidation(TOTOX)value were measured to monitor lipid oxidation progression.A significant difference(P<0.05)was observed between light and dark storage for all studied samples regarding oxidation *** ethanolic extract of rosemary exhibited higher antioxidant activity compared to BHA and other ***,sunflower oil supplemented with the ethanolic extract of rosemary underwent weekly treatment at 100℃for 30 min over four consecutive *** all oxidation indicators increased during repeated heating,the addition of rosemary and marjoram extracts as well as BHA significantly reduced these *** findings demonstrate that both rosemary extracts and marjoram extracts can serve as natural antioxidants in edible oils.

关键词： Phenolic compounds BHA Marjoram extract Rosemary extract Sunflower oil

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High Power Microwave Treatment Impacts on Microbes in Rough Rice

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 139-141,I0020,I0021页

作者： Faith OUMA Luthra KAUSHIK Boreddy SREENIVASULA Oduola ABASS Griffiths G.ATUNGULU department of food Science University of Arkansas Division of AgricultureFayetteville 72704USA department of Processing and food Engineering Dr.NTR College of Agricultural EngineeringBapatla 522101India

As rice consumption increases,ensuring its safety has become a priority for the food *** address this concern,the industry is exploring a single-pass microbial inactivation treatment at the rough rice *** this study,a long-grain rice variety,RT7321[21.2%wet basis(WB)and a 20 mm bed thickness]was exposed to microwave radiation(915 MHz frequency)at powers of 16,18,and 20 kW for durations of 1,2,and 3 *** found that the highest microwave power(20 kW)and the longest exposure duration(3 min)produced the greatest reduction in total aerobic count and total fungal count,reducing them by up to 1.21 and 5.01 log(CFU/g),*** findings provided insights into the used to high-power,shortduration 915 MHz microwave technology for decontamination purposes in rough rice to help improve the microbial safety of *** aim is to develop a single-pass drying approach for microbial inactivation in rice processing facilities while ensuring that the yield and quality is not compromised.

关键词： microwave insight facilities

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Tracing suspended and bed sediments during high and low water periods using geochemical characteristics-Case study:Vazrood watershed,northern Iran

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 470-483页

作者： KARIMI Nabiyeh GHOLAMI Leila KAVIAN Ataollah KHALEDI DARVISHAN Abdulvahed department of Watershed management Faculty of Natural ResourcesSari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources UniversitySari ***Iran department of Watershed management Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityNoor ***Iran

Complete and comprehensive information about sediment dynamic and identification of hotspots of sediment production and transport are necessary for understanding the erosion processes and increasing the efficiency of soil and water conservation *** studies used the sediment fingerprint techniques to investigate the contribution of different sources in suspended and bed sediment yield of the ***,the contribution of various land use/land covers in suspended and bed sediment yield for the great Caspian Sea basin is in an aura of ambiguity and the present study was conducted to gather information about an important part of this area in northern Iran,where rangelands are located upstream of Hyrcanian forests and dense agricultural lands are located *** surface soil of different land use/land covers including forest,rangeland,agriculture and streambank lands were sampled in 30 *** and bed sediments were sampled in the watershed outlet in two high and low water *** characteristics of soil and sediment samples containing 59 elements were measured using ICP-OES GBC *** reliable and suitable tracers from 59 elements were then selected using Range test,Kruskal-Wallis and Discriminant Function Analysis,respectively,in FingerPro package of R *** results showed that for suspended sediment,streambank and rangeland had the highest contributions of 86.2%and 47.5%,respectively,in two high and low water *** bed sediment,in two high and low water periods,rangeland and streambank had the highest contributions of 73.8%and 84.4%,*** use change and especially human activities such as agriculture,road construction and development of residential areas along the main river riparian zone has led to a significant increase in suspended and bed sediments.

关键词： Caspian Sea basin FingerPro Geochemistry Sediment transport Tracer combination

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Smart Farming for Sustainable Rice Production:An Insight into Application,Challenge,and Future Prospect

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Rice science 2024年第1期31卷 47-61页

作者： Norhashila HASHIM Maimunah Mohd ALI Muhammad Razif MAHADI Ahmad Fikri ABDULLAH Aimrun WAYAYOK Muhamad Saufi Mohd KASSIM Askiah JAMALUDDIN department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering/SMART Farming Technology Research Centre Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSelangor 43400Malaysia department of food Sciences Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaSelangor 43600Malaysia department of Resource management&Consumer Studies Faculty of Human EcologyUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSelangor 43400Malaysia

Rice has a huge impact on socio-economic growth,and ensuring its sustainability and optimal utilization is *** review provides an insight into the role of smart farming in enhancing rice *** applications of smart farming in rice production including yield estimation,smart irrigation systems,monitoring disease and growth,and predicting rice quality and classifications are *** challenges of smart farming in sustainable rice production to enhance the understanding of researchers,policymakers,and stakeholders are *** efforts have been exerted to combat the issues in rice production in order to promote rice sector *** effective implementation of smart farming in rice production has been facilitated by various technical advancements,particularly the integration of the Internet of Things and artificial *** future prospects of smart farming in transforming existing rice production practices are also *** the utilization of smart farming,the rice industry can attain sustainable and resilient production systems that could mitigate environmental impact and safeguard food ***,the rice industry holds a bright future in transforming current rice production practices into a new outlook in rice smart farming development.

关键词： rice production smart farming food security agriculture sustainability

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food security amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Central Asia:Evidence from rural Tajikistan

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第8期23卷 2853-2867页

作者： Yuhan Zhao Chen Qian Yumei Zhang Xiande Li Kamiljon T.Akramov Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Academy of Global food Economics and Policy College of Economics and ManagementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China International food Policy Research Institute(IFPRI) WashingtonD.C.20005USA

food security has been long understudied in the context of Central *** present an analysis examining household-level food demand for Tajikistan and assessing the magnitude of its food security changes during the COVID-19 *** on an extensive household survey data set from Tajikistan,we estimate the expenditure,income,and price elasticities for nine food categories using the QUAIDS ***,we develop a microsimulation model using the estimated elasticities to assess the dual impact of declining remittance income and rising food prices stemming from the pandemic *** are significant differences in demand elasticities across food groups,with high elasticities observed for nutritious foods,such as meat,fruit,eggs,and milk,in rural ***,our findings show that changes in remittance income and food prices significantly negatively affected food security for rural households during the COVID-19 *** findings have important implications for policymakers concerned about rural livelihoods and food security in remittance-receiving economies during the post-pandemic period.

关键词： international remittances food security COVID-19 Tajikistan Central Asia

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