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Genome-wide investigation to assess copy number variants in the Italian local chicken population

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 563-577页

作者： Filippo Cendron Martino Cassandro Mauro Penasa department of Agronomy FoodNatural ResourcesAnimals and Environment(DAFNAE)University of PadovaViale Dell’Universita 1635020 LegnaroPDItaly Federazione Delle Associazioni Nazionali Di Razza E Specie Via XXIV Maggio 4300187 RomeItaly

Background Copy number variants(CNV)hold significant functional and evolutionary importance.Numerous ongoing CNV studies aim to elucidate the etiology of human diseases and gain insights into the population structure of livestock.High-density chips have enabled the detection of CNV with increased resolution,leading to the identification of even small CNV.This study aimed to identify CNV in local Italian chicken breeds and investigate their distribution across the genome.Results Copy number variants were mainly distributed across the first six chromosomes and primarily associated with loss type CNV.The majority of CNV in the investigated breeds were of types 0 and 1,and the minimum length of CNV was significantly larger than that reported in previous studies.Interestingly,a high proportion of the length of chromosome 16 was covered by copy number variation regions(CNVR),with the major histocompatibility complex being the likely cause.Among the genes identified within CNVR,only those present in at least five animals across breeds(n=95)were discussed to reduce the focus on redundant CNV.Some of these genes have been associated to functional traits in chickens.Notably,several CNVR on different chromosomes harbor genes related to muscle development,tissue-specific biological processes,heat stress resistance,and immune response.Quantitative trait loci(QTL)were also analyzed to investigate potential overlapping with the identified CNVR:54 out of the 95 gene-containing regions overlapped with 428 QTL associated to body weight and size,carcass characteristics,egg production,egg components,fat deposition,and feed intake.Conclusions The genomic phenomena reported in this study that can cause changes in the distribution of CNV within the genome over time and the comparison of these differences in CNVR of the local chicken breeds could help in preserving these genetic resources.

关键词： Chicken Copy number variant Conservation Local breed SNP

Network Pharmacology and Experimental Study of MomordicineⅠand MomordicineⅡfrom Bitter Melon Saponins in Inhibiting Fat Accumulation

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期37卷 526-530页

作者： HUANG Shi Ting LI Shang Yuan LI Xin Yu ZHU Ying ZHU Lin ZHANG Jia Yan ZHAO Yan Sheng DAGLIA Maria XIAO Xiang BAI Juan School of food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina department of Pharmacy University of Napoli FedericoⅡVia D.Montesano 4980131 NaplesItaly International Research Center for food Nutrition and Safety Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina

Bitter melon(Momordica Charania L.),a member of the Cucurbitaceae family,is widely distributed across tropical and subtropical regions.Saponin,an important functional component of bitter melon,has been proven to exert hypoglycemic effects similarly to insulin,and also possesses lipid-lowering properties inhibiting preadipocyte differentiation and fat synthesis^([1]).

关键词： melon Momordica subtropical

Fractal image analysis and bruise damage evaluation of impact damage in guava

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2024年第2期11卷 217-227页

作者： Than Htike Rattapon Saengrayap Hiroaki Kitazawa Saowapa Chaiwong School of Agro-Industry Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand department of Agriculture Ministry of AgricultureLivestock and Irrigation 11181Myanmar Integrated Agri-Tech Ecosystem Research Group Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Institute of food Research National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationIbaraki 305-8642Japan

Impact bruise damage and quality of‘Gim Ju’guava were investigated for different drop heights and number of drops using fractal image analysis.For the impact test,a stainless-steel metal ball(250 g)was dropped on fruit from three drop heights(0,0.3,0.6 m)either once or five times.Fruit quality was evaluated for impact energy,bruise area(BA),bruise volume(BV),bruise susceptibility,bruise score and pulp color(L*,a*,b*and C values).The fractal dimension(FD)value using fractal image analysis was analyzed at the bruise region.Results showed that five drops(0.3 m)with a high impact energy(3678.75 J)and a single drop(0.6 m)with a low impact energy(1471.50 J)exhibited no significant in BA,BV,bruise score as well as all color values(L*,a*,b*and C).While the FD value of a single drop from 0.6 m had a higher FD value than that of five drops from 0.3 m.It is indicated that FD exhibited a better performance to classify impact bruising level of guava than BA,BV and color parameters.The FD value gradually decreased with increase of storage time and bruise severity.The correlation coefficient(r)values of FD(r=−0.794 and−0.745)between BA and BV were more significant than those L*(r=−0.660 and−0.615)and a*(r=0.579 and 0.473).The coefficient of determination(R^(2))of the polynomial equation in bruised fruit(R^(2)=0.85 to 0.99)was greater than the control(no bruise)(R^(2)=0.80).A higher R^(2)val(0.88 and 0.92)was exhibited at five drops.Interestingly,FD analysis showed greater potential than color measurement to assess bruise impact damage in guava.

关键词： Bruise susceptibility Impact bruise Mechanical injury Transportation

Dysprosium oxide,alumina,and graphene oxide reinforced polycaprolactone thin films:Thermal stability,morphology,and cell viability

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1337-1343页

作者： Mohamed Tharwat Elabbasy Mohamed R.Atteya Mai A.Samak Mousa Abdelrahman Tahani AlMahmoud M.A.El-Morsy A.A.Menazea M.F.H.Abd El-Kader department of Public Health College of Public Health and Health InformaticsUniversity of Ha'il food Control department Faculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig University department of Physical Therapy College of Applied Medical SciencesUniversity of Ha'il department of Histology and Cell Biology Faculty of MedicineZagazig University College of Nursing University of Ha'il College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj Physics DepartmentPlasma Technology and Material Science UnitPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Physics department Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Damietta Spectroscopy department Physics Research InstituteNational Research Centre Biophysics department Faculty of ScienceCairo University

Developing a biomaterial for wound healing applications is still a challenge.Herein,dysprosium oxide（Dy2O3）,aluminum oxide（Al2O3）,and graphene oxide（GO） were embedded in cast films based on polycaprolactone（PCL） to be examined for wound dressing usage.Different techniques were used to characterize the fabricated films including X-ray diffraction（XRD）,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）,Raman,and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,besides their biological activity.The thermogravimetric analysis（TGA） exhibits high thermal stability as the scaffold weight decreases slightly to 98.6% after raising the temperature from room temperature to 280℃.The cell viability was investigated and it is shown that the viable cells grow up to approximately 93% at 75 μg/mL.Meanwhile,the cell attachment shows excellent behavior as the cells attach on most of the surface of the modified PCL which shows high biocompatibility.

关键词： Al2O3 Biocompatible Dy2O3 Polycaprolactone Rare earths Wound healing

Chromatin condensation but not DNA integrity of pig sperm is greater in the sperm-rich fraction

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 171-181页

作者： Estel Viñolas-Vergés Jordi Ribas-Maynou Isabel Barranco Camila Peres Rubio Sergi Bonet Jordi Roca Marc Yeste Unit of Cell Biology Department of BiologyFaculty of SciencesUniversity of GironaGironaSpain Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction(TechnoSperm) Institute of Food and Agricultural TechnologyUniversity of GironaGironaSpain department of Medicine and Animal Surgery Faculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of MurciaMurciaSpain Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies(ICREA) S08010 BarcelonaSpain

Background Protamination and condensation of sperm chromatin as well as DNA integrity play an essential role during fertilization and embryo development.In some mammals,like pigs,ejaculates are emitted in three separate fractions:pre-sperm,sperm-rich(SRF)and post sperm-rich(PSRF).These fractions are known to vary in volume,sperm concentration and quality,as well as in the origin and composition of seminal plasma(SP),with differences being also observed within the SRF one.Yet,whether disparities in the DNA integrity and chromatin condensation and pro-tamination of their sperm exist has not been interrogated.Results This study determined chromatin protamination(Chromomycin A3 test,CMA_(3)),condensation(Dibromobi-mane test,DBB),and DNA integrity(Comet assay)in the pig sperm contained in the first 10 m L of the SRF(SRF-P1),the remaining portion of the sperm-rich fraction(SRF-P2),and the post sperm-rich fraction(PSRF).While chromatin protamination was found to be similar between the different ejaculate fractions(P>0.05),chromatin condensation was seen to be greater in SRF-P1 and SRF-P2 than in the PSRF(P=0.018 and P=0.004,respectively).Regarding DNA integrity,no differences between fractions were observed(P>0.05).As the SRF-P1 has the highest sperm concentra-tion and ejaculate fractions are known to differ in antioxidant composition,the oxidative stress index(OSi)in SP,calcu-lated as total oxidant activity divided by total antioxidant capacity,was tested and confirmed to be higher in the SRF-P1 than in SRF-P2 and PSRF(0.42±0.06 vs.0.23±0.09 and 0.08±0.00,respectively;P<0.01);this index,in addition,was observed to be correlated to the sperm concentration of each fraction(Rs=0.973;P<0.001).Conclusion While sperm DNA integrity was not found to differ between ejaculate fractions,SRF-P1 and SRF-P2 were observed to exhibit greater chromatin condensation than the PSRF.This could be related to the OSi of each fraction.

关键词： Chromatin Condensation DNA integrity Ejaculate fractions Pig Protamination Sperm

Rumen microbial degradation of bromoform from red seaweed(Asparagopsis taxiformis)and the impact on rumen fermentation and methanogenic archaea

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 412-426页

作者： Pedro Romero Alejandro Belanche Elisabeth Jiménez Rafael Hueso Eva Ramos-Morales Joan King Salwen Ermias Kebreab David R.Yáñez-Ruiz Estacion Experimental del Zaidin Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)Profesor Albareda 1Granada 18008Spain department of Animal Production and food Sciences University of ZaragozaMiguel Servet 177Saragossa 50013Spain Blue Ocean Barns Inc. Redwood CityCAUSA department of Animal Science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95618USA

Background The red macroalgae Asparagopsis is an effective methanogenesis inhibitor due to the presence of halogenated methane(CH_(4))analogues,primarily bromoform(CHBr_(3)).This study aimed to investigate the degradation process of CHBr3 from A taxiformis in the rumen and whether this process is diet-dependent.An in vitro batch culture system was used according to a 2×2 factorial design,assessing two A taxiformis inclusion rates[0(CTL)and 2%DM diet(AT)]and two diets[high-concentrate(HC)and high-forage diet(HF)].Incubations lasted for 72 h and samples of headspace and fermentation liquid were taken at 0,0.5,1,3,6,8,12,16,24,48 and 72 h to assess the pattern of degradation of CHBr_(3) into dibromomethane(CH_(2)Br_(2))and fermentation parameters.Additionally,an in vitro experiment with pure cultures of seven methanogens strains(Methanobrevibacter smithii,Methanobrevibacter ruminantium,Methanosphaera stadtmanae,Methanosarcina barkeri,Methanobrevibacter millerae,Methanorhermobacter wolfei and Methanobacterium mobile)was conducted to test the effects of increasing concentrations of CHBr3(0.4,2,10and 50μmol/L).Results The addition of AT significantly decreased CH_(4) production(P=0.002)and the acetate:propionate ratio(P=0.003)during a 72-h incubation.The concentrations of CHBr_(3) showed a rapid decrease with nearly 90%degraded within the first 3 h of incubation.On the contrary,CH_(2)Br_(2) concentration quickly increased during the first 6 h and then gradually decreased towards the end of the incubation.Neither CHBr_(3) degradation nor CH_(2)Br_(2) synthesis were affected by the type of diet used as substrate,suggesting that the fermentation rate is not a driving factor involved in CHBr_(3)degradation.The in vitro culture of methanogens showed a dose-response effect of CHBr3 by inhibiting the growth of M.smithii,M.ruminantium,M.stadtmanae,M.barkeri,M.millerae,M.wolfei,and M.mobile.Conclusions The present work demonstrated that CHBr_(3) from A.taxiformis is quickly degraded to CH_(2)Br_(2)in the rumen and that the ferm

关键词： Bromoform metabolism Dibromomethane metabolism Methane mitigation Methanogens Rumen microbiota Seaweed

Smart Farming for Sustainable Rice Production:An Insight into Application,Challenge,and Future Prospect

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Rice science 2024年第1期31卷 47-61页

作者： Norhashila HASHIM Maimunah Mohd ALI Muhammad Razif MAHADI Ahmad Fikri ABDULLAH Aimrun WAYAYOK Muhamad Saufi Mohd KASSIM Askiah JAMALUDDIN department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering/SMART Farming Technology Research Centre Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSelangor 43400Malaysia department of food Sciences Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaSelangor 43600Malaysia department of Resource Management&Consumer Studies Faculty of Human EcologyUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSelangor 43400Malaysia

Rice has a huge impact on socio-economic growth,and ensuring its sustainability and optimal utilization is vital.This review provides an insight into the role of smart farming in enhancing rice productivity.The applications of smart farming in rice production including yield estimation,smart irrigation systems,monitoring disease and growth,and predicting rice quality and classifications are highlighted.The challenges of smart farming in sustainable rice production to enhance the understanding of researchers,policymakers,and stakeholders are discussed.Numerous efforts have been exerted to combat the issues in rice production in order to promote rice sector development.The effective implementation of smart farming in rice production has been facilitated by various technical advancements,particularly the integration of the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence.The future prospects of smart farming in transforming existing rice production practices are also elucidated.Through the utilization of smart farming,the rice industry can attain sustainable and resilient production systems that could mitigate environmental impact and safeguard food security.Thus,the rice industry holds a bright future in transforming current rice production practices into a new outlook in rice smart farming development.

关键词： rice production smart farming food security agriculture sustainability

Photonic properties and applications of multi-functional organo-lanthanide complexes:Recent advances

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 16-27,I0001页

作者： Virender Archana Chauhan Ashwani Kumar Gurjaspreet Singh Alexander A.Solovev Jichuan Xiong Xuefeng Liu Brij Mohan department of Chemistry Kurukshetra University KurukshetraKurukshetra136119India Aggarwal College Ballabhgarh121004Department of Higher EducationHaryanaIndia department of Chemistry&Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry Panjab UniversityChandigarh160014India department of Materials Science Fudan UniversityShanghai200433China School of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China College of Ocean food and Biological Engineering Jimei UniversityXiamen361021China

Lanthanides(Ln(Ⅲ))based compounds as light-emitting materials have emerged as successful agents in high-performance defense and lighting systems,magnets,bio-markers,and circuitry.Therefore,they have recently gained much attention as energy-saving and cost-effective luminescent materials and their applications in analyte detection.The present review summarizes powerful features and recent developments of organo-lanthanide complexes in lighting applications with a particular focus on visible light emitters,including Eu(Ⅲ),Tb(Ⅲ),Sm(Ⅲ),and Dy(Ⅲ)ions.In addition,this review discusses the most relevant aspects of photosensitization,such as the structure,property,functionalization of primary and secondary ligands,and molecular geometry.In addition,coordination sites of organo-lanthanide complexes and their applications collectively contribute to the improved performance of innovative luminescent materials.Finally,the current challenges and key recommendations for advancing organolanthanides in material science are provided.

关键词： Lanthanides Organometallic Luminescent Lifetime OLED Rare earths

Tumor targeted and GSH stimuli response a-lactalbumin nanotubes co-delivering doxorubicin and siRNA for cancer therapy

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Journal of Future foods 2024年第4期4卷 300-308页

作者： Guohua Hou Di Wu Xing Li Bin Liu Research Center of food Colloids and Delivery of Functionaliny Collge of Food Science and Mutritional EngineeringChina Agriculnrral UniversinBeijimg 10083China department of Numition cand Heaith China Agricultural UniversityBejing 100193China Deparoment of Health Sciences and Technology.Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zinich Zurich 8092Switzerland

α-Lactalbumin(a-lac),a natural food-sourced protein,exhibits high biocompatibility as delivery systems for small bioactive molecules or RNA.However,their potential clinical application as a delivery system is greatly limited due to the 1ack of targeting to desired tissues,such as tumors.Here,a delivery system/nanocarier of nantube(NT)was fabricated by the self-assembly of peptides hydrolyzed from a-1ac.Among the 1oading of anti-tumor agents of doxorubicin(Dox)and siRNA,NTs were conjugated with the tLyp-1 peptide to specifially target the neuropilin 1 receptor,which exists on the membrane of MDA-MB-231 cancer cells.The micromonphology of NTs was not affected during the processes of 1oading and targeting modification.Additionally,no significant changes in the size and zeta potential of the tI yp-1/NTs/Dox/siRNA nanocarrier were observed when stored in phosphate buffered saline for 7 days,indicating outstanding stability.Moreover,both the cellular uptake efficiency and tumor accumulation effects of NTs on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were significantly improved after modification with tLyp-1.The relative viability of MDA-MB-231 cells was decreased by 70.1%in viro after treatmnent with tLyp-1/NTs/Dox/siRNA(5μg/mL Dox).Finally,a synergistic anticancer effect of Dox and siRNA co-loaded in tLyp-1/NTs was achieved in the anticancer treatment of MDA-MB-231 tumor-bearing mice.These findings indicate that food-sourced protein a-lac nanocarriers could be used for the co-delivery of bioactive molecules and RNA,achieving synergistic and effcient therapeutic effects.

关键词： α-Lactabumin nanotube Nanocarier Tumor-targeted siRNA Synergistic effect