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Trends in mortality of liver disease due to hepatitis B in China from 1990 to 2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第17期135卷 2049-2055页

作者： Guiying Cao Jue Liu Min Liu Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBejing 100191China

Background::Hepatitis B is a viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause both potentially life-threatening acute and chronic liver disease.China has the world’s largest burden of hepatitis B and is considered to be a major contributor toward the goal of World Health Organization(WHO)of eliminating hepatitis B virus(HBV)as a global health threat by 2030.This study aimed to analyze data from the Global Burden of Diseases,Injuries,and Risk Factors Study(GBD)to determine the trends in mortality of liver disease due to hepatitis B in China between 1990 and 2019 and the gap with the WHO’s goal.Methods::Annual deaths and age-standardized mortality rates(ASMRs)of liver disease due to hepatitis B in China between 1990 and 2019 were collected from GBD 2019.We calculated the percentage changes in deaths and estimated annual percentage changes(EAPCs)of ASMRs of liver disease due to hepatitis B.Results::In China,deaths of total liver disease due to hepatitis B decreased by 29.13%from 229 thousand in 2016 to 162 thousand in 2019,and ASMR decreased by an average of 4.92%(95%confidence interval[CI]:4.45–5.39%)per year in this period.For the spectrum of liver disease due to hepatitis B,deaths decreased by 74.83%,34.71%,and 23.34%for acute hepatitis,cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases,and liver cancer from 1990 to 2019,respectively,and ASMRs of acute hepatitis(EAPC=–7.63;95%CI:–8.25,–7.00),cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases(EAPC=–4.15;95%CI:–4.66,–3.65),and liver cancer(EAPC=–5.17;95%CI:–6.00,–4.33)decreased between 1990 and 2019.The proportions of older adults aged≥70 years among all deaths of the spectrum of liver disease due to hepatitis B increased from 1990 to 2019.Deaths of liver cancer due to hepatitis B increased by 7.05%from 2015 to 2019.Conclusions::Although a favorable trend in the mortality of liver disease due to hepatitis B was observed between 1990 and 2019,China still faces challenges in achieving the WHO’s goal of eliminating HBV as a public threat by 2030.Therefore,efforts to increase the

关键词： Hepatitis B Acute hepatitis B Chronic liver disease Liver cirrhosis Liver neoplasms Global Burden of Disease Global Health China

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Association and Prediction of Influenza-like Illness with Meteorological Factors in Mississippi,USA

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第10期35卷 962-967页

作者： SHI Xue Zhong SONG Zhi Juan YANG Yong Li BAO Jun Zhe ZHU Hui Li LUO Zi Xiao WANG Yu Ping WU Mei Na JIA Xiao Can Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001HenanChina

Seasonal influenza viruses have caused significant morbidity and mortality worldwide.Especially in the United States,influenza viruses spread during the winter,leading to a sharp increase in acute respiratory infections and hospitalizations.Influenza affects approximately 5%to 20%of the population each season[1].Influenza is a climaterelated acute respiratory infectious disease with a seasonal trend.In temperate regions.

关键词： acute respiratory mortality

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Global Trends and Regional Differences in Hepatitis C Virus Infection Prevalence and Implications for Prevention--Worldwide,1990−2017

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China CDC weekly 2020年第30期2卷 564-569,I0001-I0004页

作者： Wenzhan Jing Jue Liu Min Liu Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina

What is already known on this topic?The global prevalence of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection in 2015 has been modeled to assess the disease burden in 21 Global Burden of Disease(GBD)regions.However,there is no study to clarify the global long-term trends and regional differences in HCV infection prevalence.What is added by this report?This report clarified the global temporal trends and regional differences in HCV infection prevalence.Global HCV infection age-standardized prevalence rate(ASR)gradually decreased from 1990 to 2017 except in Eastern Europe,and liver cancer due to hepatitis C ASR increased worldwide with drastic shifts in lowmiddle Socio-Demographic Index(SDI)regions in the last decade.What are the implications for public health practice?HCV is still prevalent worldwide despite the development of highly effective direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)and showed a reemergence concurrent with the opioid crisis.HCV infection prevention might involve at least 3 aspects:first,prohibiting HCV widespread transmission among general populations;second,increasing global DAAs coverage;and third,continuously investing in the development of the HCV vaccine.

关键词： prevalence prevention Eastern

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Statistical analysis for genome-wide association study

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2015年第4期29卷 285-297页

作者： Ping Zeng Yang Zhao Cheng Qian Liwei Zhang Ruyang Zhang Jianwei Gou Jin Liu Liya Liu Feng Chen Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthNanjing Medical University Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthXuzhou Medical College

In the past few years, genome-wide association study(GWAS) has made great successes in identifying genetic susceptibility loci underlying many complex diseases and traits. The findings provide important genetic insights into understanding pathogenesis of diseases. In this paper, we present an overview of widely used approaches and strategies for analysis of GWAS, offered a general consideration to deal with GWAS data. The issues regarding data quality control, population structure, association analysis, multiple comparison and visual presentation of GWAS results are discussed; other advanced topics including the issue of missing heritability, meta-analysis, setbased association analysis, copy number variation analysis and GWAS cohort analysis are also briefly introduced.

关键词：关联分析全基因组统计分析数据质量控制复杂疾病发病机制人口结构队列分析

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Systematic analysis on expression quantitative trait loci identifies a novel regulatory variant in ring finger and WD repeat domain 3 associated with prognosis of pancreatic cancer

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第11期135卷 1348-1357页

作者： Ying Zhu Xiating Peng Xiaoyang Wang Pingting Ying Haoxue Wang Bin Li Yue Li Ming Zhang Yimin Cai Zequn Lu Siyuan Niu Nan Yang Rong Zhong Jianbo Tian Jiang Chang Xiaoping Miao Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Key Laboratory for Environment and HealthSchool of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Sciences and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430030China.

Background:Pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PAAD)is an extremely lethal malignancy.Identification of the functional genes and genetic variants related to PAAD prognosis is important and challenging.Previously identified prognostic genes from several expression profile analyses were inconsistent.The regulatory genetic variants that affect PAAD prognosis were largely unknown.Methods:Firstly,a meta-analysis was performed with seven published datasets to systematically explore the candidate prognostic genes for PAAD.Next,to identify the regulatory variants for those candidate genes,expression quantitative trait loci analysis was implemented with PAAD data resources from The Cancer Genome Atlas.Then,a two-stage association study in a total of 893 PAAD patients was conducted to interrogate the regulatory variants and find the prognostic locus.Finally,a series of biochemical experiments and phenotype assays were carried out to demonstrate the biological function of variation and genes in PAAD progression process.Results:A total of 128 genes were identified associated with the PAAD prognosis in the meta-analysis.Fourteen regulatory loci in 12 of the 128 genes were discovered,among which,only rs4887783,the functional variant in the promoter of Ring Finger and WD Repeat Domain 3(RFWD3),presented significant association with PAAD prognosis in both stages of the population study.Dualluciferase reporter and electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that rs4887783-G allele,which predicts the worse prognosis,enhanced the binding of transcript factor REST,thus elevating RFWD3 expression.Further phenotypic assays revealed that excess expression of RFWD3 promoted tumor cell migration without affecting their proliferation rate.RFWD3 was highly expressed in PAAD and might orchestrate the genes in the DNA repair process.Conclusions:RFWD3 and its regulatory variant are novel genetic factors for PAAD prognosis.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Survival RFWD3 Genetic variation Quantitative trait loci

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Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease Attributable to High Temperature in 204 Countries and Territories from 1990 to 2019

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期36卷 222-230页

作者： HONG Le YAN Miao Miao ZHANG Yun Quan WANG Kai WANG Ya Qi LUO Si Qi WANG Fang Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430065HubeiChina department of biostatistics School of Public HealthXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221004JiangsuChina

Objective This study aimed to estimate spatiotemporal variations of global heat-related cardiovascular disease(CVD)burden from 1990 to 2019.Methods Data on the burden of heat-related CVD were derived from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.Deaths and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)were used to quantify heat-induced CVD burden.We calculated the age-standardized mortality rate(ASMR)and DALY rate(ASDR)per 100,000population to compare this burden across regions.Generalized linear models were applied to evaluate estimated annual percentage changes(EAPC)for temporal trends from 1990 to 2019.The correlation between the socio-demographic index(SDI)and age-standardized rate was measured using the Spearman rank test.Results Heat-induced CVD caused approximately 90 thousand deaths worldwide in 2019.Global ASMR and ASDR of heat-related CVD in 2019 were 1.17[95%confidence interval(CI):0.13-1.98]and 25.59(95%CI:2.07-44.17)per 100,000 population,respectively.The burden was significantly increased in middle and low-SDI regions and slightly decreased in high-SDI regions from 1990 to 2019.ASMR showed an upward trend,with the most considerable increase in low-latitude countries.We observed a negative correlation between SDI and EAPC in ASMR(rs=-0.57,P<0.01)and ASDR(rs=-0.59,P<0.01)among204 countries.Conclusion Heat-attributable CVD burden substantially increased in most developing countries and tropical regions.

关键词： High temperature Cardiovascular disease Global disease burden Climate change

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Eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HBV:progress and challenges in China

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Frontiers of Medicine 2020年第1期14卷 21-29页

作者： Wenzhan Jing Jue Liu Min Liu Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China

China has the world’s largest burden of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection,but the country has made considerable progress in preventing its mother-to-child transmission(MTCT)in the past three decades.This feat is made possible due to the high coverage of birth-dose hepatitis B vaccine(HepB,>95%),hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)screening for pregnant women(>99%),and hepatitis B immunoglobulin plus HepB for newborns whose mothers are HBsAg positive(>99%).Studies on the optimal antiviral treatment regimen for pregnant women with high HBV-DNA load have also been conducted.However,China still faces challenges in eliminating MTCTof HBV.The overall HBsAg prevalence among pregnant women is considered an intermediate endemic.The prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant women from remote,rural,or ethnic minority areas is higher than that of the national level because of limited health resources and public health education for HBV.The coverage for maternal and child healthcare and immunization services should be improved,especially in western regions.Integration of current services to prevent MTCTof HBV with other relevant health services can increase the acceptability,efficiency,and coverage of these services,particularly in remote areas and ethnic minority areas.By doing so,progress toward key milestones and targets to eliminate hepatitis B as the main public health threat by 2030 can be achieved.

关键词： hepatitis B virus mother-to-child transmission progress challenge

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Efficacy and safety of vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling for diabetic macular edema: a Meta-analysis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第11期11卷 1848-1855页

作者： Xin-Ying Hu Huan Liu Li-Na Wang Yu-Zhi Ding Jie Luan department of Ophthalmology Zhongda Hospital Southeast University department of epidemiology & biostatistics School of Public Health Southeast University

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane(ILM) peeling for diabetic macular edema(DME). METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, SionMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, CNKI databases and Wanfang databases, published until Oct. 2017, were searched to identify studies comparing the clinical outcomes following vitrectomy with and without ILM peeling, for treating DME. Pooled results were expressed as odds ratios(ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals(CI) for vitrectomy with and without ILM peeling with regard to best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), central macular thickness(CMT), and complication incidents. RESULTS: A total of 14 studies involving 857 eyes were included of which three studies were Chinese and the rests were English literatures. Meta-analysis indicated that compared with vitrectomy alone, vitrectomy with ILM peeling could improve BCVA more obviously(OR=1.66, 95%CI: 1.12-2.46, P=0.01) and had higher rate of CMT reduction(OR=3.89, 95%CI: 1.37-11.11, P=0.01). There were significant statistical differences between the two surgical methods for both BCVA and CMT(P<0.05). For the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications, the incidence of epiretinal membrane(ERM) was slightly lower in the ILM peeling group than the group without ILM peeling(OR=0.38, 95%CI: 0.07-2.00, P=0.25), although insignificant statistically. Other incidences of overall complications, iatrogenic peripheral retinal break and increased intraocular pressure indicated no significant difference between two groups(OR=1.19, 95%CI: 0.82-1.73, P=0.36; OR=1.21, 95%CI: 0.66-2.21, P=0.53; OR=1.34, 95%CI: 0.75-2.40, P=0.32). CONCLUSION: Vitrectomy is effective for DME and the effect can be improved by additional ILM peeling, especially for anatomical efficacy, without increasing the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications. However, it is imperative to gain more evaluation in the future due to the paucity of prospective randomized study.

关键词： internal limiting membrane vitrectomy diabetic macular edema Meta-analysis

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The Association between Exposure to Second-Hand Smoke and Disease in the Chinese Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期36卷 24-37页

作者： WANG Yu Tong HU Kui Ru ZHAO Jian AI Fei Ling SHI Yu Lin WANG Xue Wei YANG Wen Yi WANG Jing Xin AILiMei WAN Xia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences/School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China

Objective To analyze the association between exposure to second-hand smoke(SHS) and 23 diseases,categorized into four classifications, among the Chinese population.Methods We searched the literature up to June 30, 2021, and eligible studies were identified according to the PECOS format: Participants and Competitors(Chinese population), Exposure(SHS),Outcomes(Disease or Death), and Study design(Case-control or Cohort).Results In total, 53 studies were selected. The odds ratio(OR) for all types of cancer was 1.79(1.56–2.05), and for individual cancers was 1.92(1.42–2.59) for lung cancer, 1.57(1.40–1.76) for breast cancer, 1.52(1.12–2.05) for bladder cancer, and 1.37(1.08–1.73) for liver cancer. The OR for circulatory system diseases was 1.92(1.29–2.85), with a value of 2.29(1.26–4.159) for stroke. The OR of respiratory system diseases was 1.76(1.13–2.74), with a value of 1.82(1.07–3.11) for childhood asthma. The original ORs were also shown for other diseases. Subgroup analyses were performed for lung and breast cancer. The ORs varied according to time period and were significant during exposure in the household;For lung cancer, the OR was significant in women.Conclusion The effect of SHS exposure in China was similar to that in Western countries, but its definition and characterization require further clarification. Studies on the association between SHS exposure and certain diseases with high incidence rates are insufficient.

关键词： Second-hand smoke Chinese population Cancer Diseases of the respiratory system Diseases of the circulatory system Systematic review Meta-analysis

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Lung Cancer Risk Attributable to Active Smoking in China:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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生物医学与环境科学:英文版 2023年第9期36卷 850-861页

作者： ZHAO Jian SHI Yu Lin WANG Yu Tong AI Fei Ling WANG Xue Wei YANG Wen Yi WANG Jing Xin AI Li Mei HU Kui Ru WAN Xia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences/School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China

Objective No consensus exists on the relative risk(RR)of lung cancer(LC)attributable to active smoking in China.This study aimed to evaluate the unified RR of LC attributable to active smoking among the Chinese population.Methods A systematic literature search of seven databases was conducted to identify studies reporting active smoking among smokers versus nonsmokers in China.Primary articles on LC providing risk estimates with their 95%confidence intervals(CIs)for“ever”“former”or“current”smokers from China were selected.Meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled RR of active smoking.Results Forty-four unique studies were included.Compared with that of nonsmokers,the pooled RR(95%CI)for“ever”“former”and“current”smokers were 3.26(2.79–3.82),2.95(1.71–5.08),and 5.16(2.58–10.34)among men,3.18(2.78–3.63),2.70(2.08–3.51),and 4.27(3.61–5.06)among women,and2.71(2.12–3.46),2.66(2.45–2.88),and 4.21(3.25–5.45)in both sexes combined,respectively.Conclusion The RR of LC has remained relatively stable(range,2–6)over the past four decades in China.Early quitting of smoking could reduce the RR to some extent;however,completely refraining from smoking is the best way to avoid its adverse effects.

关键词： Active smoking Chinese population Lung cancer Systematic review Meta-analysis

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