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High-resolution full waveform seismic imaging: Progresses, challenges, and prospects

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 315-342页

作者： Dinghui YANG Xingpeng DONG Jiandong HUANG Zhilong FANG Xueyuan HUANG Shaolin LIU Mengxue LIU Weijuan MENG department of Mathematical Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Geology China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100029China School of Resources and environment University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China School of Mathematics and Statistics Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China

Full waveform inversion(FWI) is a seismic imaging method with a unified mathematical framework based on wave equation constraints. The FWI method can be used to generate a variety of high-resolution seismic parameter models(e.g.,velocity, anisotropy, viscoelasticity, and attenuation), which can facilitate an in-depth understanding of important scientific problems such as the Earth's interior structure and material composition, earthquake preparation and occurrence, and plate motion and dynamic processes. With the development and cross-integration of disciplines such as geophysics, applied mathematics, and computer science, FWI imaging theories and methods not only play a crucial role in revealing the Earth's interior structure, dynamic evolution, and earthquake mechanisms but also show a wide range of application potential in fields such as resource exploration, medical imaging, engineering inspection, carbon dioxide geological sequestration, and earthquake disaster prediction. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review and analysis of the development of the FWI method,addressing its current challenges, identifying key issues, future directions, and potential research areas in the theory, methodology, and application of high-resolution FWI imaging. We also offer new insights and perspectives to promote advancements of high-resolution FWI research and applications in Earth sciences and other related fields.

关键词： Full waveform inversion High-resolution imaging Interior structure of the Earth Earthquake preparation me-chanism Multidisciplinary integration

Optimizing the Particle Size of Shale and Laterite Used as Constructed Wetland Substrates for Wastewater Treatment

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2025年第1期17卷 14-34页

作者： Nadège Fatim Traoré Jean-Marie Pétémanagnan Ouattara Franck Michaël Zahui Amichalé Jean Cyrille Beda Aman Messou department of Sciences and environment management Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan Cte dIvoire department of Agronomic Forestry and Environmental Engineering University of Man Man Cte dIvoire

Constructed Wetlands (CWs) are currently one of the most promising techniques for wastewater treatment, having demonstrated their effectiveness. However, the choice of substrate particle size is critical to the smooth operation of the process, as hydrodynamic constraints require a coarse particle size, whereas wastewater treatment recommends a fine particle size. This study investigates the suitability of laterite and shale as substrates of different sizes (1 - 3, 3 - 5 and 5 - 8 mm) in CWs for domestic wastewater treatment. The study was carried out in an experimental pilot plant consisting of 12 parallelepiped beds (C × C = 0.4 × 0.4 m2;H = 0.6 m) filled from bottom to top with 0.1 m of gravel and 0.4 m of shale or laterite of different grain sizes with two replications. During the six months of operation, plant biomass and stem diameter of Pennisetum purpureum used as vegetation in the CWs were determined. Raw and treated water were also sampled and analyzed for pollutants, including chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total Kjedahl nitrogen (TKN), total phosphorus (TP), and total suspended solids (TSS), using International Organization for Standardization (ISO) analytical methods. P. purpureum developed much better in the CW beds lined with shale;plant biomass ranged from 13.8 to 14.7 kg/m2 and from 11.2 to 12.5 kg/m2 in the beds lined with shale and laterite, respectively, as did stump diameter, which ranged from 15.5 to 16.1 cm and from 11.10 to 12.7 cm, respectively. However, the highest values for biomass and stump diameter for each material were obtained in the beds lined with 1 - 3 mm geomaterials. Pollutant removal efficiencies were highest in the CWs lined with laterite and shale of 1 - 3 mm grain size (76.9% - 83% COD, 78% - 84.7% BOD5, 55.5% - 72.2% TKN, 58.4% - 72.4% TP, 78.1% - 80.2% TSS), with the highest values recorded in the shale-lined beds. However, the 3 - 5 mm grain size of both materials provided quality filtrates

关键词： Constructed Wetlands Domestic Wastewater Laterite Pennisetum purpureum Shale Substrate Grain Size

Factors Influencing Local Visitors’Willingness to Pay an Entrance Fee of the East Lake,Wuhan,China

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2025年第1期16卷 73-80页

作者： Matthew Nitanan Koshy department of environment Faculty of Forestry and EnvironmentUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia

The infrastructure of East Lake has undergone a gradual process of degeneration,necessitating the allocation of adequate financial resources to ensure the preservation and sustenance of its ecological ***,insufficient funds for conservation and management pose a problem for the management of Urban East ***,the research aimed to(1)identify the local visitor’s satisfaction level with East Lake’s facilities and environmental quality;(2)determine the visitors’perception of the conservation and management aspect of East Lake;(3)identify factors influencing local visitors’willingness to pay an entrance fee to East Lake,and(4)estimate an appropriate entrance fee for East *** the Contingent Valuation Method,visitors'willingness to pay was *** accumulation of 449 samples was based on convenience *** results indicated that visitor satisfaction and attitude were both *** addition,respondents had a good perception on East ***,income,and education level were factors that substantially affected visitors’willingness to pay;however,only the visitor variable had a positive *** estimated entrance fee was 2 USD per individual per *** research’s findings provided significant policy and recommendations;they would serve as a baseline for the management to impose an entrance fee in East Lake.

关键词： contingent valuation method(CVM) satisfaction perception willingness to pay(WTP)

Adsorption of Arsenic by Laterite, Sandstone and Shale in a Fixed-Bed Column

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2025年第1期13卷 45-60页

作者： N’Da Akoua Alice Koua-Koffi Sandotin Lassina Coulibaly Petemanagnan Jean-Marie Ouattara Lacina Coulibaly Agronomic Forestry and Environmental Engineering Department of Environment and Sustainable Development University of Man Man Cte dIvoire environmental Sciences and management Laboratory of Environment and Aquatic Biology Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan Cte dIvoire

The removal of arsenic from water is essential for the protection of public health. To investigate the adsorption capabilities of laterite, sandstone, and shale for the removal of arsenic from aqueous solutions, column experiments were conducted. In this study, raw materials and heat-treated (calcined) materials were examined. The experiments assessed the influence of various parameters, including initial concentration, bed depth, and the effects of heat treatment. The findings revealed that the breakthrough curves were influenced by the initial concentration of arsenic, the depth of the bed, and the type of material used. For an initial arsenic concentration of 5 mg/L, columns containing 85 cm of calcined laterite, sandstone, and shale produced volumes of 7460 ml (1492 min), 3510 ml (702 min), and 4400 ml (880 min) of water with arsenic levels below 0.01 mg/L, respectively. These calcined materials demonstrate significant potential for the effective removal of arsenic from water.

关键词： Geomaterials Adsorption Arsenic Water

Consumer products are important reservoirs and sources of organophosphate tri-esters and di-esters:Characteristics,mass inventory,and implication for waste management

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 550-559页

作者： Jie Zhou Chan Liang Jinyun Li Jiayi Gu Amina Salamova Liangying Liu Guangdong Key Laboratory of environmental Pollution and Health School of EnvironmentJinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Gangarosa department of environmental Health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityGeorgia 30322USA

Numerous studies documented the occurrence of organophosphate tri-esters(tri-OPEs)and di-esters(di-OPEs)in the *** information is available on their occurrence in waste consumer products,reservoirs and sources of these *** study collected and analyzed 92 waste consumer products manufactured from diverse polymers,including polyurethane foam(PUF),polystyrene(PS),acrylonitrile butadiene styrene(ABS),polypropylene(PP),and polyethylene(PE)to obtain information on the occurrence and profiles of 16 tri-OPEs and 10 *** concentrations of di-OPEs(18−370,000 ng/g,median 1,700 ng/g)were one order of magnitude lower than those of tri-OPEs(94−4,500,000 ng/g,median 5,400 ng/g).The concentrations of both tri-and di-OPEs in products made of PUF,PS,and ABS were orders of magnitude higher than those made of PP and *** compositional patterns of OPEs varied among different polymer types but were generally dominated by bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate),triphenyl phosphate,tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate,di-phenyl phosphate(DPHP),and bis(2-ethylhexyl)*** industrially applied di-OPEs(di-n-butyl phosphate and DPHP)exhibited higher levels than their respective tri-OPEs,contrary to their production *** non-industrially applied chlorinated di-OPEs were also detected,with concentrations up to 97,000 ng/*** findings suggest that degradation of tri-OPEs during the manufacturing and use of products is an important source of *** mass inventories of tri-OPEs and di-OPEs in consumer products were estimated at 3,100 and 750 tons/year,*** study highlights the importance of consumer products as emission sources of a broad suite of OPEs.

关键词： Organophosphate tri-esters Organophosphate di-esters Waste consumer products Source assessment Mass inventory

Ecological and anthropogenic factors influencing mammal species distribution in Htamanthi Wildlife Sanctuary,Myanmar

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第2期22卷 575-591页

作者： Myo Min LATT Jonathan O.HERNANDEZ Woo Bin YOUN Byung Bae PARK department of environment and Forest Resources Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea department of Natural Resources and management University of Forestry and Environmental ScienceYezinNaypyitaw 15013National Unity Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar department of Forest Biological Sciences College of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of the Philippines Los BañosLos Baños 4031Philippines

Mammal distribution is shaped by different ecological and anthropogenic factors,and the pattern varies depending on their sensitivity thresholds,food and habitat preferences,ecological roles,and physical *** present study investigated the influence of ecological and anthropogenic factors on the distribution of mammal species communities across different trophic levels and body sizes in Myanmar's Htamanthi Wildlife Sanctuary(HWS).The values of mammal characteristics,ecological,and anthropogenic factors were analyzed in ArcMap *** of the large and small sized mammals,whose distribution decreases with elevation,were observed near the main *** mammal tropic levels,the omnivores and herbivores were mostly observed farther from gold mining *** terms of forage plant effect on mammal community,floral forage plants and the presence of climber negatively affected mammal species across different trophic ***,presence of resin trees also has a substantial impact on the distribution of medium-large animals and omnivorous mammals as trophic niche ***,our findings highlight the crucial role that ecological and anthropogenic factors play in shaping mammal distribution in the *** underscores the importance of simultaneously conserving both habitat and mammal diversity in HWS,especially in the face of a changing climate and environment.

关键词： Camera trap survey Ecological niche Forage plants Habitat diversity Mammal communities Ranger patrol survey

A framework for nuclear power plant emergency response system

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2010年第6期21卷 375-378页

作者： Wang-kun CHEN department of environment and property management Jinwen University of Science&TechnologyTaipei 33077Taiwan

The purpose of this study is to establish an intelligent expert system for nuclear power plant emergency response.A new framework of environmental risk management methodology by the concept of pattern recognition was introduced in this paper.A knowledge-based decision support system for emergency response and risk management of nuclear power plant was also *** mathematical pattern relationship of accidental release effects on neighboring area and the corresponding response measures were presented in this *** this decision system,the decision maker can specify the procedure and minimize their human error in the decision *** improvement of risk response and the quality of management system could be upgraded by this ***,the methodology can also be served as a basis for the future development of environmental risk response system design.

关键词： Expert system Emergency response Risk management Nuclear power plant

From Crisis to Recovery: Addressing Hydrocarbon Pollution in Niger Delta Soils Treated with Pleurotus ostreatus and Eisenia fitida

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Open Journal of Yangtze Oil and Gas 2025年第1期10卷 1-29页

作者： Gift Evans Fubara Dokuboba Amachree Ilemi Jennifer Soberekon Esther Omone Akhigbe Digha Opaminola Nicholas Akayinaboderi Augustus Eli Enyinnaya Okoro Igoniama Esau Gamage Ayibatonyo Markson Nathaniel Morufu Olalekan Raimi department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Federal University Otuoke Bayelsa State Nigeria department of Fisheries and Aquatic environment Faculty of Agriculture Rivers State University Nkpolu-Oroworukwo Port Harcourt Rivers State Nigeria department of environmental management and Toxicology Faculty of Sciences Federal University Otuoke Bayelsa State Nigeria

Rationale: The contamination of soil with crude oil poses significant environmental and ecological threats. Bioremediation, particularly through the use of organisms like Pleurotus ostreatus (mushroom) and Eisenia fetida (earthworm), has emerged as a promising approach to mitigate crude oil pollution. Understanding the effectiveness of these organisms in reducing hydrocarbon levels in contaminated soil is crucial for devising sustainable remediation strategies. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Pleurotus ostreatus and Eisenia fetida in remediating crude oil-polluted soil. Specifically, it sought to assess the hydrocarbon profiles in soil treated with these organisms across varying concentrations of crude oil pollution. Method: Crude oil concentration levels ranging from 0% to 10% were applied to soil samples alongside control treatments, including soil only, soil with earthworms, and soil with mushrooms. Each treatment was replicated five times using a randomized complete block design. Standard methods were employed to determine the hydrocarbon contents of the soil. Results: The results indicated a significant increase (P Pleurotus ostreatus and Eisenia fetida exhibited noteworthy reductions in these hydrocarbon levels. At the three-month mark, mushrooms demonstrated a remarkable ability to reduce hydrocarbon content by 70% - 90% compared to the pollution treatment. In contrast, earthworms exhibited minimal potential for hydrocarbon reduction, particularly at both three and six-month intervals. For instance, TOC reduction reached a maximum of 96% with mushroom treatment and 85% with earthworm treatment at 5% crude oil pollution over six months. Conclusion: The findings highlight the effectiveness of Pleurotus ostreatus in significantly reducing hydrocarbon levels in crude oil-polluted soil compared to Eisenia fetida. Mushroom-treated soils consistently exhibited substantial reductions in TOC, TPH, TOG, PAH, and THC over the study period, sugge

关键词： Hydrocarbon Crude Oil Soil Pollution Remediation Pleurotus ostreatus Eisenia fitida Wetland Core Niger Delta

A Systematic Review of Heavy Metals in Irrigation Water and Their Effects on Agricultural Soil Quality and Crop Production in Ghana

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Journal of Geoscience and environment Protection 2025年第1期13卷 48-70页

作者： Adutwumwaa Victoria Daniel Nyamekye Nnebini department of environmental management University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana

This study examines the impacts of heavy metals in irrigation water on soil quality and crop productivity in Ghana. Data was synthesized from 41 studies across 10 study areas spanning seven regions in Ghana. 10 heavy metals were identified from the synthetized data, namely, cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe) and chromium (Cr). The synthesized data revealed that certain regions such as Upper East, Ashanti and Ahafo exhibits elevated cadmium level in soil and the western region showed high concentrations of Hg, As, Pb, and Cu exceeding WHO limits in irrigation water. Due to their economic importance and susceptibility to metal contamination, the analysis of the effects of these metals on crop productivity focused on maize and leafy vegetables. The findings show that metals such as As, Ni, and Cu, in irrigation water significantly affect soil metal concentration but do not affect crop productivity, but Hg, Zn, Pb, and Co rather influence crop yield. Interestingly, while Hg and Pb reduce yield in leafy vegetables, they positively affect maize productivity, highlighting the potential for tailored crop selection based on soil metal concentration to improve Agricultural outcomes.

关键词： Agricultural Impacts Crop Yield Food Safety Heavy Metals Irrigation Water Soil Quality