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Lesion-induced changes of brevican expression in the perineuronal net of the superior vestibular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第3期17卷 649-654页

作者： Agnes Magyar Eva Racz Clara Matesz Ervin Wolf Peter Kiss Botond Gaal Pediatrics Clinic Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Division of Oral Anatomy Faculty of DentistryUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary MTA-DE Neuroscience Research Group DebrecenHungary

Damage to the vestibular sense organs evokes static and dynamic deficits in the eye movements,posture and vegetative functions.After a shorter or longer period of time,the vestibular function is partially or completely restored via a series of processes such as modification in the efficacy of synaptic inputs.As the plasticity of adult central nervous system is associated with the alteration of extracellular matrix,including its condensed form,the perineuronal net,we studied the changes of brevican expression in the perineuronal nets of the superior vestibular nucleus after unilateral labyrinth lesion.Our results demonstrated that the unilateral labyrinth lesion and subsequent compensation are accompanied by the changing of brevican staining pattern in the perineuronal nets of superior vestibular nucleus of the rat.The reduction of brevican in the perineuronal nets of superior vestibular nucleus may contribute to the vestibular plasticity by suspending the non-permissive role of brevican in the restoration of perineuronal net assembly.After a transitory decrease,the brevican expression restored to the control level parallel to the partial restoration of impaired vestibular function.The bilateral changing in the brevican expression supports the involvement of commissural vestibular fibers in the vestibular compensation.All experimental procedures were approved by the 'University of Debrecen–Committee of Animal Welfare'(approval No.6/2017/DEMAB) and the 'Scientific Ethics Committee of Animal Experimentation'(approval No.HB/06/éLB/2270-10/2017;approved on June 6,2017).

关键词： brainstem brevican chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan extracellular matrix labyrinth lesion neural plasticity perineuronal net perisynaptic matrix vestibular compensation vestibular system

Anatomy of the perirectal fascia at the level of rectosacral fascia revisited

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 243-250页

作者： Waleed M.Ghareeb Xiaojie Wang Pan Chi Zhifang Zheng Xiaozhen Zhao department of Colorectal Surgery The Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianP.R.China department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery Suez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy Department of Human AnatomyHistologyand EmbryologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianP.R.China

Background:The relative anatomical understanding of the perirectal fasciae is of paramount importance for the proper performance of total mesorectal excision(TME).This study was to demonstrate the planes of TME and validates the intraoperative findings using cadaveric observations.Methods:In this combined retrospective and prospective study,bilateral attachment of the rectosacral fascia(RSF)was observed in 28 cadaveric specimens(male,n=14;female,n=14).From January 2018 to December 2019,surgical videos of 67 patients who underwent laparoscopic TME at the Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University(Fuzhou,China)were reviewed and interpreted with the cadaveric findings.Results:The RSF(synonym:Waldeyer’s fascia)is the end of the pre-hypogastric fascia at the level of S4 and comprises two layers(upper and lower).These two layers provide double fascial protection for the venous sacral plexus.It inserts into the fascia propria of the rectum along a broad horizontal arc that merges anterolaterally in an oblique downward direction until it meets the posterolateral merge of Denonvilliers’fascia at the lateral rectal ligament(LRL).This ligament does not look like a true ligament but is more likely to be a fascial combination that cushions the rectal innervation and middle rectal vessels.Conclusions:Understanding the lateral attachment of RSF and its contribution to LRL provides invaluable surgical guidance to dissect this critical area.Therefore,lateral dissection is proposed from the anterior to the posterior direction to find the correct plane that guarantees an intact mesorectal envelope to protect the important nearby nerve structures.

关键词： laparoscopy anatomy rectum fascia rectal neoplasms

Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation alleviates cognitive impairment in an APP/PS1 model of Alzheimer’s disease in the preclinical stage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2278-2285页

作者： Yin-Pei Luo Zhi Liu Cong Wang Xiu-Fang Yang Xiao-Ying Wu Xue-Long Tian Hui-Zhong Wen Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology Department of NeurobiologySchool of Basic MedicineArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina Chongqing Medical Electronics Engineering Technology Research Center Laboratory of Neural Regulation and Rehabilitation TechnologyCollege of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqingChina department of Histology and embryology School of Basic MedicineArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation(AtDCS)has been shown to alleviate cognitive impairment in an APP/PS1 model of Alzheimer’s disease in the preclinical stage.However,this enhancement was only observed immediately after AtDCS,and the long-term effect of AtDCS remains unknown.In this study,we treated 26-week-old mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease in the preclinical stage with 10 AtDCS sessions or sham stimulation.The Morris water maze,novel object recognition task,and novel object location test were implemented to evaluate spatial learning memory and recognition memory of mice.Western blotting was used to detect the relevant protein content.Morphological changes were observed using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining.Six weeks after treatment,the mice subjected to AtDCS sessions had a shorter escape latency,a shorter path length,more platform area crossings,and spent more time in the target quadrant than sham-stimulated mice.The mice subjected to AtDCS sessions also performed better in the novel object recognition and novel object location tests than sham-stimulated mice.Furthermore,AtDCS reduced the levels of amyloid-β42 and glial fibrillary acidic protein,a marker of astrocyte activation,and increased the level of neuronal marker NeuN in hippocampal tissue.These findings suggest that AtDCS can improve the spatial learning and memory abilities and pathological state of an APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease in the preclinical stage,with improvements that last for at least 6 weeks.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-β anodal transcranial direct current stimulation cognitive function inflammation long-term effect neuron preclinical stage

Early life stress-induced neuroinflammation and neurological disorders: a novel perspective for research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1971-1972页

作者： Clarissa Catale Valeria Carola Maria Teresa Viscomi Division of Experimental Neuroscience IRCCS Santa Lucia FoundationRomeItaly department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health StudiesSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly department of Life Science and Public Health Section of Histology and EmbryologyUniversitàCattolica del S.CuoreRomeItaly

Childhood maltreatment(CM)has been consistently linked with numerous detrimental outcomes concerning physical and psychological health.However,few studies have explored vulnerability to neurological disorders after CM.Early life adversity,in the form of poverty,stress and abuse,has been associated with decline in cognitive function and dementia later in life(Short and Baram,2019).Robust preclinical data suggest that early life stress(ELS)may increase the risk and worsen the course of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s(AD)and Parkinson’s(PD)diseases,and traumatic brain injury(TBI)(Lesuis et al.,2018;Short and Baram,2019;He et al.,2020;Catale et al.,2021;Sanchez et al.,2021).

关键词： neurological disorders inflammation

Wnt/β-catenin signalling:function,biological mechanisms,and therapeutic opportunities

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第2期7卷 379-401页

作者： Jiaqi Liu Qing Xiao Jiani Xiao Chenxi Niu Yuanyuan Li Xiaojun Zhang Zhengwei Zhou Guang Shu Gang Yin department of Pathology Xiangya HospitalSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013China department of Histology and embryology School of Basic Medical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013China China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases School of Basic Medical sciencesCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013China

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway comprises a family of proteins that play critical roles in embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis.The deregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling often leads to various serious diseases,including cancer and non-cancer diseases.Although many articles have reviewed Wnt/β-catenin from various aspects,a systematic review encompassing the origin,composition,function,and clinical trials of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in tumour and diseases is lacking.In this article,we comprehensively review the Wnt/β-catenin pathway from the above five aspects in combination with the latest research.Finally,we propose challenges and opportunities for the development of small-molecular compounds targeting the Wnt signalling pathway in disease treatment.

关键词： diseases homeostasis cancer

REPORT OF A CASE OF SYMPATHETIC OPHTHALMIA WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO ULTRASTRUCTURAL EXAMINATION

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1993年第10期106卷 773-774+776-782页

作者：鲍丽玲杨菊生晓击马学惠 Ophthalmology department 1st Teaching HospitalShanxi Medical CollegeTaiyuan 030001 Histology and embryology department Pathology department

A case of sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) is reported. A long lasting stable result was obtained for this patient treated basically with traditional Chinese medicine. His exciting eye was investigated under light and transmission electron microscopes. Prominent granulomatous lesions in the choroid, Dalen-Fuchs nodules (DFNs) and disruption of outer and inner basement membrane of Bruch’s membrane under DFNs are found, plasma cells are not few and melanocytes and retinal pigment epithelial cells are possibly the target cells. In various cells, nuclear bodies (NBs) are ubiquitous and sometimes multiple in an individual cell nucleus. Microtubule-like structures are present inside and outside the NBs and parallel lines composed of relatively uniform high electron dense granules as lattice-like structures can be seen. It was surmised that a virus induced autoimmnne process might be involved in the pathogenesis of SO.

关键词： UVEITIS ANTIGENS CELLS

Anti-oxidant anti-inflammatory and antibacterial tannin-crosslinked citrate-based mussel-inspired bioadhesives facilitate scarless wound healing

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第2期20卷 93-110页

作者： Keke Wu Meimei Fu Yitao Zhao Ethan Gerhard Yue Li Jian Yang Jinshan Guo department of Histology and embryology NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of CosmeticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversitySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA

The revolutionary role of tissue adhesives in wound closure,tissue sealing,and bleeding control necessitates the development of multifunctional materials capable of effective and scarless healing.In contrast to the use of traditionally utilized toxic oxidative crosslinking initiators(exemplified by sodium periodate and silver nitrate),herein,the natural polyphenolic compound tannic acid(TA)was used to achieve near instantaneous(90%bacterial death upon near-infrared(NIR)irradiation).In vivo evaluation in both an infected full-thickness skin wound model and a rat skin incision model demonstrated that 3A-TCMBAs+NIR treatment could promote wound closure and collagen deposition and improve the collagen Ⅰ/Ⅲ ratio on wound sites while simultaneously inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.Further,phased angiogenesis was observed via promotion in the early wound closure phases followed by inhibition and triggering of degradation&remodeling of the extracellular matrix(ECM)in the late stage(supported by phased CD31(platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1)PDGF(platelet-derived growth factor)and VEGF(vascular endothelial growth factor)expression as well as elevated matrix metalloprotein-9(MMP-9)expression on day 21),resulting in scarless wound healing.The significant convergence of material and bioactive properties elucidated above warrant further exploration of 3A-TCMBAs as a significant,new class of bioadhesive.

关键词： Anti-oxidant Hydrogen bond crosslinking Phased angiogenesis Scarless wound healing Tannic acid

Genetic dissection of glutathione S-transferase omega-1:identification of novel downstream targets and Alzheimer's disease pathways

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第11期17卷 2452-2458页

作者： Yue Jia Meng-Die Gao Yun-Fang Liu Lu Lu Gang Chen Ying Chen department of Histology and embryology Medical CollegeNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education Co-innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina department of Genetics Genomics and InformaticsUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is affected by genetic factors.Polymorphisms in the glutathione S-transfe rase omega-1(Gsto1)gene have been shown by genetic correlation analyses performed in different ethnic populations to be genetic risk factors for AD.Gene expression profile data from BXD recombinant inbred mice were used in combination with genetic and bioinformatic analyses to chara cterize the mechanisms underlying regulation of Gstol variation regulation and to identify network membe rs that may contribute to AD risk or progression.Allele-specific assays confirmed that variation in Gstol expression is controlled by cis-expression quantitative trait loci.We found that Gstol mRNA levels were related to several central nervous system traits,such as glial acidic fibrillary protein levels in the caudate putamen,co rtical gray matter volume,and hippocampus mossy fiber pathway volume.We identified 2168 genes whose expression was highly correlated with that of Gsto1.Some genes were enriched for the most common neurodegenerative diseases.Some Gsto1-related genes identified in this study had previously been identified as susceptibility genes for AD,such as APP,Grin2 b,Ide,and Psenen.To evaluate the relationships between Gstol and candidate network members,we transfected astrocytes with Gstol siRNA and assessed the effect on putative downstream effecto rs.We confirmed that knockdown of Gstol had a significant influence on Pa2g4 expression,suggesting that Pa2g4 may be a downstream effector of Gstol,and that both genes intera ct with other genes in a network during AD pathogenesis.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease BXD recombinant inbred mice co-expression correlation analysis expression quantitative trait locus expression variation genetic dissection glutathione S-transferase omega-1 hippocampus proliferation-associated 2G4

Protective effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on laser induced retinopathy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2013年第6期6卷 744-751页

作者： Unal Kartal Emel Koptagel H.Eray Bulut Haydar Erdogan department of Histology and embryology Faculty of MedicineCumhuriyet University department of Ophtalmology Faculty of MedicineCumhuriyet University

AIM:To investigate the side effects of the commonly used laser treatment along with testing the neuroprotective effect of bFGF on a potential retinal impairment.METHODS:To do this,30 chinchilla pigmented adult male rabbits were divided into the control and experimental groups.The control and experimental groups underwent both laser application and bFGF treatment.The retinal tissue impairment and its renewal rate were tested under the light and electron microscopical levels.RESULTS:The focal laser application on rabbit eyes caused morphological alterations both in the application region and in the neighbouring areas.In the damaged areas,the outer nuclear layer of the neural retina was almost disappeared,retina pigment epithelium was interrupted,the retina pigment epithelium migrated intraretinally,and the damaged region along with neighbouring areas seemed to be not separated.bFGF application just after the laser photocoagulation,revealed better results in application areas.CONCLUSION:It could be suggested that the bFGF application following laser photocoagulation might have protective,repairing and wound healing effects on the retina.

关键词： retina bFGF laser photocoagulation rabbit light microscopy electron microscopy