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Plasma cascaded solid wastes for possible adsorption of NO_(2)in diesel exhaust

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第3期5卷 383-393页

作者： Apoorva Sahu Shivani Mishra Preeti Jain Bangalore S.Rajanikanth department of electrical engineering Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia department of electrical engineering Jabalpur Engineering CollegeJabalpurIndia

Extensive use of fossil fuel has led to an increase in solid and gaseous particulates in the environment,which in turn necessitated newer,effective,and economical control strategies to abate pollutants,particularly gaseous pollutants.In the current research work,focus has been placed on utilizing industry wastes to adsorb nitrogen oxides present in diesel engine exhaust,which is pre-treated by plasma.Sampled exhaust from a 5 kW diesel generator is exposed to discharge plasma where the oxidation of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide occurs,which is then made to flow through another reactor filled with industry wastes drawn from agriculture,foundry,utility,marine industry,etc.,comprising mulberry waste,rice husk,wheat husk,areca nut husk,sugarcane bagasse,coffee husk,foundry sand,lignite ash,red mud,and oyster shells.While the adsorption of nitrogen dioxide was observed in all the wastes,reduction of nitric oxide was observed in metallic compound-based industry wastes.At about 184 J/L,specific energy plasma cascaded industrial waste red mud yielded 98%NO_(x)removal efficiency,and that with agriculture rice husk waste yielded 53%NOx removal.TiO_(2)/Fe_(2)O_(3)present in industry wastes might have exhibited photo-catalysis in visible light resulting in the possible reduction of NO.A new pathway for recycling the waste can be expected through nitrogen dioxide adsorption,and the results are further discussed with respect to plasma-alone and cascaded plasma adsorbent systems.

关键词： Industry waste electrical discharge Diesel exhaust Nitrogen oxide reduction Agriculture waste Plasma adsorption

Three-phase AC-DC Converter for Direct-drive PMSG-based Wind Energy Conversion System

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第2期11卷 589-598页

作者： Kumar Abhishek Singh Ayushi Chaudhary Kalpana Chaudhary department of electrical engineering Indian Institute TechnologyVaranasiIndia department of electrical engineering Indian Institute TechnologyKanpurIndia

In this paper,a wind energy conversion system(WECS)is presented for the electrification of rural areas with wind energy availability.A three-phase AC-DC converter based on a bridgeless Cuk converter is used for power extraction from the permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG).The bridgeless topology enables the elimination of the front-end diode bridge rectifier(DBR).Moreover,the converter has fewer components,simple control,and high efficiency,making it suitable for a small-scale WECS.A squirrel cage induction motor(SCIM)is used to emulate a MOD-2 wind turbine to implement the PMSG-based WECS.A direct-drive eight-pole PMSG is used in this study;thus,a low-input-voltage system is designed.The converter is designed to operate in the discontinuous inductor current mode(DICM)for inherent power factor correction(PFC)and the maximum power point tracking(MPPT)is achieved through the tip-speed ratio(TSR)following.The performance of the developed system is analyzed through simulation,and a 500 W hardware prototype is developed and tested in different wind speed conditions.

关键词： Permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG) three-phase AC-DC converter wind energy conversion system(WECS) wind turbine emulator

Low-power, high-speed, and area-efficient sequential circuits by quantum-dot cellular automata: T-latch and counter study

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic engineering 2023年第3期24卷 457-469页

作者： Mohammad GHOLAMI Zaman AMIRZADEH department of electrical engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of MazandaranBabolsar ***Iran department of electrical engineering Mazandaran University of Science and TechnologyBabol ***Iran

Quantum-dot cellular automata(QCA)is a new nanotechnology for the implementation of nano-sized digital circuits.This nanotechnology is remarkable in terms of speed,area,and power consumption compared to complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)technology and can significantly improve the design of various logic circuits.We propose a new method for implementing a T-latch in QCA technology in this paper.The proposed method uses the intrinsic features of QCA in timing and clock phases,and therefore,the proposed cell structure is less occupied and less power-consuming than existing implementation methods.In the proposed T-latch,compared to previous best designs,reductions of 6.45%in area occupation and 44.49%in power consumption were achieved.In addition,for the first time,a reset-based T-latch and a T-latch with set and reset capabilities are designed.Using the proposed T-latch,a new 3-bit counter is developed which reduces 2.14%cell numbers compared to the best of previous designs.Moreover,based on the 3-bit counter,a 4-bit counter is designed,which reduces 0.51%cell numbers and 4.16%cross-section area compared to previous designs.In addition,two selective counters are introduced to count from 0 to 5 and from 2 to 5.Simulations were performed using QCADesigner and QCAPro tools in coherence vector engine mode.The proposed circuits are compared with related designs in terms of delay,cell numbers,area,and leakage power.

关键词： Quantum-dot cellular automata(QCA) Quantum-dot T-latch T-flip-flop Counter Selective counter QCADesigner QCAPro

Maximum correntropy-based pseudolinear Kalman filter for passive bearings-only target tracking

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第2期22卷 269-281页

作者： Asfia Urooj Rahul Radhakrishnan department of electrical engineering SVNITSuratGujarat395007India department of electrical engineering NIT CalicutKozhikodeKerala673601India

This paper proposes a new approach for solving the bearings-only target tracking (BoT) problem by introducing a maximum correntropy criterion to the pseudolinear Kalman filter (PLKF). PLKF has been a popular choice for solving BoT problems owing to the reduced computational complexity. However, the coupling between the measurement vector and pseudolinear noise causes bias in PLKF. To address this issue, a bias-compensated PLKF (BC-PLKF) under the assumption of Gaussian noise was formulated. However, this assumption may not be valid in most practical cases. Therefore, a bias-compensated PLKF with maximum correntropy criterion is introduced, resulting in two new filters: maximum correntropy pseudolinear Kalman filter (MC-PLKF) and maximum correntropy bias-compensated pseudolinear Kalman filter (MC-BC-PLKF). To demonstrate the performance of the proposed estimators, a comparative analysis assuming large outliers in the process and measurement model of 2D BoT is conducted. These large outliers are modeled as non-Gaussian noises with diverse noise distributions that combine Gaussian and Laplacian noises. The simulation results are validated using root mean square error (RMSE), average RMSE (ARMSE), percentage of track loss and bias norm. Compared to PLKF and BC-PLKF, all the proposed maximum correntropy-based filters (MC-PLKF and MC-BC-PLKF) performed with superior estimation accuracy.

关键词： Bearings-only target tracking Pseudolinear Kalman filter Maximum correntropy criterion Non-Gaussian noise

State of Health Estimation of LiFePO_(4) Batteries for Battery Management Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 3149-3164页

作者： Areeb Khalid Syed Abdul Rahman Kashif Noor Ul Ain Ali Nasir department of electrical engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahorePakistan department of electrical engineering University of Central PunjabLahorePakistan

When considering the mechanism of the batteries,the capacity reduction at storage(when not in use)and cycling(during use)and increase of internal resistance is because of degradation in the chemical composition inside the batteries.To optimize battery usage,a battery management system(BMS)is used to estimate possible aging effects while different load profiles are requested from the grid.This is specifically seen in a case when the vehicle is connected to the net(online through BMS).During this process,the BMS chooses the optimized load profiles based on the least aging effects on the battery pack.The major focus of this paper is to design an algorithm/model for lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO4)batteries.The model of the batteries is based on the accelerated aging test data(data from the beginning of life till the end of life).The objective is to develop an algorithm based on the actual battery trend during the whole life of the battery.By the analysis of the test data,the complete trend of the battery aging and the factors on which the aging is depending on is identified,the aging model can then be recalibrated to avoid any differences in the production process during cell manufacturing.The validation of the model was carried out at the end by utilizing different driving profiles at different C-rates and different ambient temperatures.A Linear and non-linear model-based approach is used based on statistical data.The parameterization was carried out by dividing the data into small chunks and estimating the parameters for the individual chunks.Self-adaptive characteristic map using a lookup table was also used.The nonlinear model was chosen as the best candidate among all other approaches for longer validation of 8-month data with real driving data set.

关键词： Aging model state of health lithium-ion cells battery management system state of charge battery modeling

Efficient Wind Turbine Generation Planning for Decreasing Distribution System Company Payments in Real Applications

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第1期10卷 81-90页

作者： Mohammad Hasan Hemmatpour Mohammad Hossein Rezaeian Koochi electrical engineering department Faculty of EngineeringJahrom UniversityJahromIran department of electrical engineering Shahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran

Wind energy has posed new challenges in both transmission and distribution systems owing to its uncertain nature. The effect of wind turbines (WTs) on the actual payments charged by upstream networks to distribution system companies (DISCOs) is one challenge. Moreover, when the grid-connected inverters of WT operate in the lead or lag modes, WTs absorb or inject reactive power from the system. This paper proposes an approach to assess the importance of operation modes of WTs to minimize the costs by DISCOs in the presence of system uncertainties. Accordingly, an optimization problem is formulated to minimize the costs to DISCO by determining the optimal locations and sizes of WTs in optimally reconfigured distribution systems. In addition, an improved vector-based swarm optimization (IVBSO) algorithm is proposed because it is highly suitable for vector-based problems. Two distribution systems are used in the simulations to evaluate the proposed algorithm. Firstly, the capabilities of the IVBSO algorithm to determine better solutions over other heuristic algorithms are confirmed using the IEEE 33-bus test system. Secondly, the BijanAbad distribution system (BDS) is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization problem. Accordingly, the distribution system model, cumulative distribution function of wind speed, and load profile are all extracted from the actual data of the BijanAbad region. Finally, the optimization problem is applied to BDS in both the lead and lag modes of WTs. Results indicate that the total costs of DISCO are lower when WTs operate in the lag mode than in the lead mode.

关键词： Distribution system companies(DISCOs) improved vector-based swarm optimization(IVBSO) reconfiguration wind turbine operation mode

A new technique for fault diagnosis in transformer insulating oil based on infrared spectroscopy measurements

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High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 319-335页

作者： Mohamed M.F.Darwish Mohamed H.A.Hassan Nagat M.K.Abdel-Gawad Matti Lehtonen Diaa-Eldin A.Mansour department of electrical engineering Faculty of Engineering at ShoubraBenha UniversityCairoEgypt department of electrical engineering and Automation School of Electrical EngineeringAalto UniversityEspooFinland department of electrical Power engineering Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology(E-JUST)New Borg El-Arab CityEgypt department of electrical Power and Machines engineering Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTantaEgypt

Condition monitoring of the insulating system within power transformers has a massive importance according to the electrical utilities.Dissolved gas analysis(DGA)is frequently used for this purpose.However,DGA lacks the necessary level of accuracy to identify all equipment faults,particularly in their initial stages of degradation.Also,it does not have the capability for real-time monitoring and relies on manual sampling and laboratory testing,causing potential delays in fault identification.Additionally,the interpretation of DGA data necessitates specialised expertise,which may pose difficulties for smaller entities that have limited access to resources.Therefore,the contribution of this research is to use infrared spectroscopy measurements as a new effective technique substituting the DGA method for fault diagnosis in insulating oil.The inception faults that were considered in this study were the electrical fault(discharges of high energy)and the thermal fault(300°C

关键词： fault diagnosis spectroscopy

Improved Synergetic Current Control for Grid-connected Microgrids and Distributed Generation Systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第5期10卷 1302-1313页

作者： A.Elnady A.Noureldin A.A.Adam department of electrical engineering University of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates department of electrical and Computer engineering Royal Military CollegeKingstonCanada department of electrical and Computer engineering Queens UniversityKingstonCanada

This paper presents the development of improved synergetic current control for the injected current of an inverter in the grid-connected microgrid and the distributed generation system(DGS). This paper introduces new formulas of the macro-variable functions for integral synergetic control(SC)and integral fast terminal SC, which both have an integral term to guarantee zero steady-state error. The proposed integral SC and integral fast terminal SC achieve a seamless performance such as the fast convergence, minimal overshoot, zero steady-state error, and chattering-free operation. To demonstrate the meritorious performance of the proposed scheme for injected current control, it is compared with the performance of a proportional-integral(PI) controller and advanced exponential sliding mode control(SMC). Finally, the practicality of the proposed scheme is justified by experimental results obtained through rapid control prototyping(RCP) using the dSPACESCALEXIO platform.

关键词： Integral synergetic control(SC) current control integral fast terminal SC advanced exponential sliding mode control(SMC) proportional-integral(PI)control microgrid distributed generation system(DGS)

Automatic recognition of sonar targets using feature selection in micro-Doppler signature

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第2期20卷 58-71页

作者： Abbas Saffari Seyed-Hamid Zahiri Mohammad Khishe department of electrical engineering University of BirjandBirjandIran department of electrical engineering Imam Khomeini Marine Science UniversityNowshahrIran

Currently,the use of intelligent systems for the automatic recognition of targets in the fields of defence and military has increased significantly.The primary advantage of these systems is that they do not need human participation in target recognition processes.This paper uses the particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm to select the optimal features in the micro-Doppler signature of sonar targets.The microDoppler effect is referred to amplitude/phase modulation on the received signal by rotating parts of a target such as propellers.Since different targets'geometric and physical properties are not the same,their micro-Doppler signature is different.This Inconsistency can be considered a practical issue(especially in the frequency domain)for sonar target recognition.Despite using 128-point fast Fourier transform(FFT)for the feature extraction step,not all extracted features contain helpful information.As a result,PSO selects the most optimum and valuable features.To evaluate the micro-Doppler signature of sonar targets and the effect of feature selection on sonar target recognition,the simplest and most popular machine learning algorithm,k-nearest neighbor(k-NN),is used,which is called k-PSO in this paper because of the use of PSO for feature selection.The parameters measured are the correct recognition rate,reliability rate,and processing time.The simulation results show that k-PSO achieved a 100%correct recognition rate and reliability rate at 19.35 s when using simulated data at a 15 dB signal-tonoise ratio(SNR)angle of 40°.Also,for the experimental dataset obtained from the cavitation tunnel,the correct recognition rate is 98.26%,and the reliability rate is 99.69%at 18.46s.Therefore,the k-PSO has an encouraging performance in automatically recognizing sonar targets when using experimental datasets and for real-world use.

关键词： Micro-Doppler signature Automatic recognition Feature selection k-NN PSO