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Importance of periphytic biofilms for carbon cycling in paddy fields:A review

Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 36-43页

作者： Lei ZHOU Yonghong WU Junzhuo LIU Pengfei SUN Ying XU Jan DOLFING Robert GMSPENCER Erik JEPPESEN State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Zigui Three Gorges Reservoir Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of ChinaYichang 443605China College of Nanjing University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 211135China Faculty of Energy and Environment Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE18QHUK department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahassee FL 32306USA department of ecoscience&Centre for Water Technology(WATEC) Aarhus UniversityAarhus DK-8000Denmark Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research Beijing 100049China Limnology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation(EKOSAM)Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkiye Institute of Marine Sciences Middle East Technical UniversityMersin 33731Turkiye

Paddy fields play an important role in global carbon(C) cycling and are an important source of methane(CH_(4)) emissions. Insights into the processes influencing the dynamics of soil organic C(SOC) in paddy fields are essential for maintaining global soil C stocks and mitigating climate change. Periphytic biofilms composed of microalgae, bacteria, and other microorganisms are ubiquitous in paddy fields, where they directly mediate the transfer of elements at the soil-water interface. However, their contributions to C turnover and exchange have been largely neglected. Periphytic biofilms affect and participate in soil C dynamics by altering both abiotic(e.g., pH and redox potential) and biotic conditions(e.g., microbial community composition and metabolism). This review summarizes the contributions of periphytic biofilms to soil C cycling processes, including carbon dioxide fixation, SOC mineralization, and CH_(4) emissions. Future research should be focused on: i) the mechanisms underlying periphytic biofilm-induced C fixation and turnover and ii) quantifying the contributions of periphytic biofilms to soil C uptake, stabilization, and sequestration in paddy fields.

关键词： carbon fixation carbon mineralization carbon sequestration methane emission microbial aggregates soil organic carbon

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Dormancy and the influence of photoperiod and temperature on sexual maturity in Nicrophorus nepalensis （Coleoptera： Silphidae）

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Insect Science 2011年第2期18卷 225-233页

作者： Wenbe Hwang Shiuh-Feng Shiao department of ecoscience and Ecotechnology National University of Tainan department of Entomology National Taiwan University Taiwan China

Carrion beetles （Nicrophorus spp.） use small vertebrate carcasses for food and reproduction. Their ecology and behaviors are highly affected by the availability of carcasses and the surrounding environmental conditions. Our results revealed that in subtropical Fushan, northern Taiwan, N. nepalensis was mainly active in spring （February to May）, and could also be found in autumn （October and November）; but there was no capture record in summer （June to September） and winter （December and January）. A laboratory temperature tolerance study indicated that N. nepalensis adults become inactive at temperatures above 26℃, and had the highest mortality when the temperature was raised from 27℃ to 28℃. Furthermore, N. nepalensis became sexually mature at 20℃, depending on the photoperiod： the longer the day, the lower the percentage of sexually mature 2-week-old females after emergence. In another experiment, N. nepalensis virgins were paired under three possible conditions at Fushan. At 15℃ and 20℃, if carcasses were presented to the pairs within 3 days after emergence, all laid eggs in the second week after emergence. If carcasses were presented 1 week after emergence, most began to reproduce at 20℃ with 12.5 h of daylight. However, at 15℃ with 1 l h of daylight, the carrion beetles hibernated first, and reproduced in the ninth week after emergence. At 25℃ with 14 h of daylight, carrion beetles did not bury the mouse carcasses, the females did not lay eggs, and the adult lifespan was only one-third of that at 20℃. This study revealed that both photoperiod and temperature influence the time needed to reach the sexual maturity of N. nepalensis; and also implied that the narrow temperature tolerance range and dormancy behavior of carrion beetles are highly regulated by those environmental factors.

关键词： dormancy Nicrophorus photoperiod reproductive biology temperaturetolerance sexual maturity

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Microbiome sustains forest ecosystem functions across hierarchical scales

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Eco-Environment & Health 2023年第1期2卷 24-31页

作者： Fengqiao Li Haiyun Zi Christian Sonne Xiaogang Li State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China department of ecoscience Aarhus UniversityFrederiksborgvej 399DK-4000 RoskildeDenmark College of Biology and the Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

Forests are highly productive ecosystems that contribute to biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen,through which it regulates climate and global *** are also spatially highly heterogeneous ecosystems that comprise a multitude of microbial-mediated reactive *** are mainly the root-soil interface,litter-soil interface,root-root interface,and plant-atmosphere *** of these interfaces has its own unique characteristics,e.g.,specific drivers that affect the microbial abundance,nutrient availability,microbial community,and the dominance of certain microbial ***,we review the microbial-mediated reactive interfaces in forests,focusing on interrelation and dynamics of fungi and bacteria on a broad temporal scale with ecosystem processes ranging from short-term events(e.g.,seasonal changes)to long-term stand development suffering a global climate change(e.g.,global warming or nitrogen deposition).We argue that in-depth knowledge of forest microbiology can only be obtained by exploring the complex forest microbiome and its ecosystem *** the basis for individual forest variation would ultimately facilitate the formulation of microbiome-based strategies in the future.

关键词： Ecological function Forest productivity Interactive interface Litter decomposition Microbiome Nutrient cycling

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Studies on characteristics of nanostructure of N-TiO_2 thin films and photo-bactericidal action

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2006年第7期7卷 586-590页

作者： XU Ming-fang LIN Shan CHEN Xin-man PENG Yan-zhi department of Bioengineering Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China Institute of Aquatic ecoscience Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China

Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain (AS1.50) and Bacillus subtilis strain (AS1.439) from Ming lake were decomposed by photocatalytic nanostructure N-TiO^sub 2^ thin films in a photo-reactor under UV irradition. The different thickness nanostructure N-TiO^sub 2^ thin films coated on mesh grid were prepared by sol-gel method and immobilized at 500 °C (films A) or 350 °C (films B) for 1 h in a muffle furnace. The results showed that N-TiO^sub 2^ thin film B (8.18 nm thickness, 2.760 nm height and 25.15 nm diameter) has more uniform granular nanostructure and thinner flat texture than N-TiO^sub 2^ thin film A (12.17 nm thickness, 3.578 nm height and 27.50 nm diameter). The bactericidal action of N-TiO^sub 2^ thin film A and film B for Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain (AS1.50) and Bacillus subtilis varniger strain (AS1.439) were investigated in this work. More than 95% of photocatalytic bactericidal efficiency for Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain (AS1.50) and 75% for Bacillus subtilis strain (AS1.439) were achieved by using N-TiO^sub 2^ thin films-B for 7080 min of irradiation during the photo-bactericidal experimental process. The results indicated that the photo-induced bactericidal efficiency of N-TiO^sub 2^ thin films probably depended on the characteristics of the films.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain (AS1.50) and Bacillus subtilis strain (AS1.439) from Ming lake were decomposed by photocatalytic nanostructure N-TiO(2) thin films in a photo-reactor under UV irradiation. The different thickness nanostructure N-TiO(2) thin films coated on mesh grid were prepared by sol-gel method and immobilized at 500 degrees C (films A) or 350 degrees C (films B) for 1 h in a muffle furnace. The results showed that N-TiO(2) thin film B (8.18 nm thickness, 2.760 nm height and 25.15 nm diameter) has more uniform granular nanostructure and thinner flat texture th

关键词：光催化降解 N-TiO2薄膜光杀菌作用纳米结构

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Temporal and spatial differentiation in microhabitat use: Implications for reproductive isolation and ecological niche specification

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第5期11卷 375-387页

作者： Amaël BORZÉE Jun Young KIM Marina Andrade Martins DA CUNHA Donggeun Lee Eunchong SIN Sunmin OH Yoonjung YI Yikweon JANG department of Life Sciences and Division of ecoscience Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulKorea Interdisciplinary Program of EcoCreative Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulKorea School of Biological Sciences Seoul National UniversityKorea

Niche differentiation enables ecologically similar species to coexist by lessening competition over food and/or shelters and may be critical for reproductive isolation between closely related species in close ***cause no extra traits need to evolve,spatial and temporal differentiation may readily take place to complement other isolating *** closely related treefrog species occur together in Korea:the endangered Hyla suweonensis and the widespread Hyla *** calls are differentiated,but it is unclear whether call difference is sufficient for reproductive *** tracked individuals of both species to study fine-scale differentiation in microhabitat use in the diel cycle of the breeding season using a harmonic direction *** male movement patterns of both species revealed spatial and temporal differentiation in microhabitat use for calling and resting during the breeding *** of both *** and *** occurred in all 5 microhabitats identified in this study:rice paddy,ground,buried,grass and *** treefrog species showed general similarities in calling from rice paddies and resting in grass and ***,*** moved into rice paddies and produced advertisement calls 3 h earlier than *** differences likely minimize contact between the species and provide an additional isolating *** addition,the activity of *** may be contributing to the decline of this species,as resting in grass would increase dangers from predatory birds and habitat disturbance.

关键词： harmonic direction finding hylid treefrog pre-mating isolation mechanisms spatial isolation temporal isolation

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Small fishes crossed a large mountain range:Quaternary stream capture events and freshwater fishes on both sides of the Taebaek Mountains

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第4期12卷 292-302页

作者： Daemin KIM M.Vincent HIRT Yong-Jin WON Andrew M.SIMONS Division of ecoscience Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulKorea department of Fisheries Wildlife and Conservation BiologySaint PaulMinnesotaUSA Bell Museum of Natural History University of Minnesota100 Ecology BuildingSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA

The Taebaek Mountains in Korea serve as the most apparent biogeographic barrier for Korean freshwater fishes,resulting in 2 distinct ichthyofaunal assemblages on the eastern(East/Japan Sea slope)and western(Yellow Sea and Korea Strait slopes)sides of the mountain *** nearly 100 species of native primary freshwater fishes in Korea,only 18 species occur naturally on both sides of the mountain ***,there are 5 rheophilic species(Phoxinus phoxinus,Coreoleuciscus splendidus,Ladislavia taczanowskii,Iksookimia koreensis and Koreocobitis rotundicaudata)found on both sides of the Taebaek Mountains that are geographically restricted to the Osip River(and several neighboring rivers,for *** and ***)on the eastern side of the mountain *** Osip River and its neighboring rivers also shared a rheophilic freshwater fish,Liobagrus mediadiposalis,with the Nakdong River on the western side of the mountain *** assessed historical biogeographic hypotheses on the presence of these rheophilic fishes,utilizing DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial cytochrome b *** of our divergence time estimation indicate that ichthyofaunal transfers into the Osip River(and several neighboring rivers in East Sea slope)have occurred from the Han(Yellow Sea slope)and Nakdong(Korea Strait slope)Rivers since the Late *** inferred divergence times for the ichthyofaunal transfer across the Taebaek Mountains were consistent with the timing of hypothesized multiple reactivations of the Osip River Fault(Late Pleistocene),suggesting that the Osip River Fault reactivations may have caused stream capture events,followed by ichthyofaunal transfer,not only between the Osip and Nakdong Rivers,but also between the Osip and Han Rivers.

关键词： biogeographic barrier comparative phylogeography divergence time Korean fishes Osipcheon fault

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The environmental threats from lead ammunition

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Eco-Environment & Health 2023年第1期2卷 16-17页

作者： Christian Sonne Su Shiung Lam Niels Kanstrup Aarhus University Faculty of Technological SciencesDepartment of EcoscienceDK-4000 RoskildeDenmark Sustainability Cluster School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum&Energy StudiesDehradunUttarakhand 248007India Higher Institution Centre of Excellence(HICoE) Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries(AKUATROP)Universiti Malaysia Terengganu21030 Kuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia University Centre for Research and Development Department of ChemistryChandigarh UniversityGharuanMohaliPunjabIndia department of ecoscience Aarhus UniversityC.F.Møllers Alle 88000 Aarhus CDenmark

Lead(Pb)is an extremely toxic persistent element,considered a factor in the fall of the Roman Empire 2000 years ago due to its use in plumbing and as a wine sweetener[1].The effects of lead include adverse neurological effects,reproductive impairment,and anaemia[2].One continuing source of lead in the environment is lead ammunition,which presents health risks to consumers of game meat,including humans,predatory and scavenging birds,and other animals.

关键词： continuing birds sweet

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Spring Voices in Korean Rice Fields:The Effect of Abiotic Variables and Syntopic Calls on the Calling Activity of the Treefrog Dryophytes suweonensis

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Asian Herpetological Research 2020年第4期11卷 335-341页

作者： Borzee AMAEL Sin EUNCHONG Oh SUNMIN Jang YIKWEON Laboratory of Animal Behmnour and Conservation College of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuChina department of Life Sciences and Division of ecoscience Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 120-750Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program of EcoCreative Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760Republic of Korea

The calling activity of anurans is influenced by environmental variables and calls produced by syntopic amphibians,among other *** variables have a strong influence,such as temperature and predation dilution,while others may have a periodical influence such as the moon ***,we hypothesised that the calling activity of the Suweon treefrog,Dryophytes suweonensis,is restricted by specific environmental variables but reinforced by the calling activity of specific syntopic *** the criteria set by the experimental design,*** calling activity was significantly influenced by moon phase,temperature,date,time to sunset and the calling activity of Pelophylax nigromaculatus and *** variables are expected to be related to chorus size,predation,breeding phenology and competition,suggesting a broad plasticity in the calling activity of the species.

关键词： anuran hylidae calling activity environmental variable influence Korea North East Asia syntopic species

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Importance and vulnerability of lakes and reservoirs supporting drinking water in China

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Fundamental Research 2023年第2期3卷 265-273页

作者： Yunlin Zhang Jianming Deng Boqiang Qin Guangwei Zhu Yinjun Zhang Erik Jeppesen Yindong Tong State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China China National Environmental Monitoring Centre 8(B)Dayangfang Beiyuan RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100012China department of ecoscience and Arctic Research Centre Aarhus University8600SilkeborgDenmark Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Limnology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and ImplementationMiddle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkey Institute of Marine Sciences Middle East Technical UniversityErdemli-Mersin 33731Turkey School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Drinking water is closely related to human health,disease and mortality,and contaminated drinking water causes 485,000 deaths from diarrhea each year *** has been facing increasingly severe water scarcity due to both water shortages and poor water *** safe and clean drinking water is a great challenge and top priority,especially for China with 1.4 billion *** China,more than 4000 centralized drinking water sources including rivers,lakes and reservoirs,and groundwater have been established to serve urban ***,there is little knowledge on the percentage,serving population and water quality of three centralized drinking water source *** collected nationwide centralized drinking water sources data and serving population data covering 395 prefecture-level and county-level cities and water quality data in the two most populous provinces(Guangdong and Shandong)to examine their contribution and ***,the drinking water source types can be classified into three clear regions exhibiting apparent differences in the respective contributions of rivers,lakes and reservoirs,and *** further found that overall,lakes and reservoirs account for 40.6%of the centralized drinking water sources ***(30.8%)and groundwater(28.6%)in *** and reservoirs are particularly important in the densely populated eastern region,where they are used as drinking water sources by 51.0%of the population(318 million).Moreover,the contribution to the drinking water supply from lakes and reservoirs is increasing due to their better water quality and many cross-regional water transfer *** results will be useful for the government to improve and optimize the establishment of centralized drinking water sources,which provide safe and clean drinking water in China to safeguard people's lives and health and realize sustainable development goals.

关键词： Centralized drinking water source Drinking water safety Lakes and reservoirs Population Water quality

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Microplastics pollution:Economic loss and actions needed

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Eco-Environment & Health 2023年第2期2卷 41-42页

作者： Changlei Xia Liping Cai Su Shiung Lam Christian Sonne Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Higher Institution Centre of Excellence(HICoE) Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries(AKUATROP)Universiti Malaysia Terengganu21030 Kuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia University Centre for Research and Development Department of ChemistryChandigarh UniversityGharuanMohaliPunjabIndia Aarhus University Faculty of Technological SciencesDepartment of EcoscienceDK-4000RoskildeDenmark Sustainability Cluster School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum&Energy StudiesDehradunUttarakhand 248007India

Microplastics originate from plastic bottles of water and soft drink,plastic bags,tire wear,plastic agricultural mulches and 3D printing[1,2].These small fragments of wastes being 1μm to 5 mm pollute the environment and threaten human health and ecosystem services including crops and others,leading to economic losses[1–3].It is predicted that by 2030,plastic productions will be leading environmental pollution in terms of carbon footprint and toxic chemicals[4],making *** world’s largest plastic waste generator[5].Based on reports from the United Nations Environment Assembly(UNEA)and the United Nations Environmental Program(UNEP),plastics in the environment annually burden the global economy by$19 billion,causing concerns for long-term ecological sustainability and the Global Goals[6].It is reported that about 8.3 billion tons of plastic waste have been created,leading to 4.9 billion tons discarded through landfilling globally[7],causing a yearly financial loss of more than$13 billion[8].

关键词： annually plastics pollution

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