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The coordinated evolution of ecological environment,public service,and tourism economy along the Silk Road economic Belt,using the Dual-Carbon Targets

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2024年第1期22卷 34-47页

作者： Shuo Yang Wei Guo Tianjun Xu Tongtong Liu School of economic and management Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Regional economic Development Center Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China

Carbon peak and carbon neutrality(dual-carbon)are important targets for the international response to climate *** Silk Road economic Belt is a strategic resource region and is important for future ecological environment and tourism *** on the“dual-carbon”targets,the Single index quantification,Multiple index synthesis,and Poly-criteria integration evaluation model were used in this study to measure the coordinated development index of the ecological environment,public service,and tourism economy along the Silk Road economic Belt and to analyze its spatial and temporal ***,it explores the dynamic evolution and development trend of the three systems using the Kernel Density and Grey Markov Prediction *** results show that the coordinated development index along this region needs to be improved during the study ***,the coordinated development index of the Southwest region is relatively higher than that of the Northwest *** the development trend of the three systems,all of them develop in a stable manner;however,the tourism economy system is easily affected by external *** coordinated development index of the three systems changes dynamically and tends to be in a good state of *** is a certain spatial and temporal *** gravity center of the coordinated development index has been in the Southwest *** the forecast period,the coordinated development index along this region will improve significantly,while insufficient and unbalanced development will continue.

关键词： Dual-carbon Ecological environment Public services Tourist economy Silk Road economic Belt

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Global Value Chain Participation and Firms'Responses to Exchange Rate Fluctuations

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China & World Economy 2024年第5期32卷 53-86页

作者： Chun Jiang Fuwei Sun Zhida Zhang Center for economic Development Research Wuhan UniversityChina economics and management School Wuhan UniversityChina

Greater participation in global value chains(GVCs)has highlighted the impact of exchange rate shocks on international *** paper examines how such participation influences firms'responses to exchange rate movements,focusing on the relationship between firms'pricing and value-added in *** study,using detailed Chinese firm-level data,demonstrates that firms with a high degree of GVC participation reacted to currency appreciation by lowering their export prices more substantially and reducing their export volumes *** is mainly attributable to the"cost-hedging effect"within the marginal cost channel and the"pricing inhibition effect"within the markup *** categorizing export firms by trade models and product types,this study further demonstrates that processing trade firms at the low end of the value chain and those with low product differentiation were more inclined to absorb exchange rate *** study adds to the existing theoretical framework and provides strong evidence for China in deepening GVC integration and supporting the development of high-quality export firms.

关键词： exchange rate elasticity exchange rate fluctuations exchange rate pass through firm response global value chain participation

Toward Human-centered XAIin Practice:A survey

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 740-770页

作者： Xiangwei Kong Shujie Liu Luhao Zhu department of Data Science and management Engineering School of ManagementZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Human adoption of artificial intelligence(AI)technique is largely hampered because of the increasing complexity and opacity of AI *** AI(XAI)techniques with various methods and tools have been developed to bridge this gap between high-performance black-box AI models and human ***,the current adoption of XAI technique stil lacks"human-centered"guidance for designing proper solutions to meet different stakeholders'needs in XAI *** first summarize a human-centered demand framework to categorize different stakeholders into five key roles with specific demands by reviewing existing research and then extract six commonly used human-centered XAI evaluation measures which are helpful for validating the effect of *** addition,a taxonomy of XAI methods is developed for visual computing with analysis of method *** clearer human demands and XAI methods in mind,we take a medical image diagnosis scenario as an example to present an overview of how extant XAI approaches for visual computing fulfil stakeholders'human-centered demands in *** we check the availability of open-source XAI tools for stakeholders'*** survey provides further guidance for matching diverse human demands with appropriate XAI methods or tools in specific applications with a summary of main challenges and future work toward human-centered XAI in practice.

关键词： Artificial intelligence(AI)application explainable AI(XAI) human-centered design visual computing medical diagnosis.

Impact of carbon disclosure on debt financing costs

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2024年第1期22卷 98-108页

作者： Yiming Hu Yunfeng Liang School of management and economics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China China Center for International economic Exchanges Beijing 100050China

Creditors,such as banks,often use disclosed environmental information to assess a company’s environmental risk and ensure the safety of debt ***,carbon disclosures have become an important consideration for creditors when making *** study explores the relationship between carbon disclosure and debt financing costs using data on listed companies from 2008 to *** results show that carbon disclosure can reduce the debt financing costs of enterprises,and that this influence is more significant for private companies than for state-owned *** variables and Propensity Score Matching(PSM)were used to evaluate the robustness of negative ***,carbon disclosure has a more significant impact on debt costs with less environmental supervision pressure,weak residents’environmental awareness,and weak product market *** findings provide guidance for companies’carbon information disclosure and support the establishment of official carbon disclosure standards.

关键词： Carbon disclosure Debt financing cost State-owned enterprise Private enterprise

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How Does Government Procurement Promote Enterprise Innovation?-On the Synergy between Demand-Pull and Supply-Push of Innovation Policies

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Frontiers of economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2024年第1期19卷 1-29页

作者： SUN Wei YE Chusheng economics and management School Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Center for economic Development Research(CEDR) Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

The promotion of technological innovation in firms requires both the supply-push and the *** accurately identify,assess,and further enhance the incentive effects of the policies of government procurement for innovation in China,this paper uses the text analysis method to identify government procurement for innovation from more than 640,000 pieces of government procurement contracts and conducts an empirical analysis based on the data of China's A-share listed firms from 2015 to *** study finds that government procurement for innovation significantly promotes corporate innovation by increasing the expected market returns,reducing R&D uncertainty,and easing financing ***,local government procurement for innovation,central government procurement for innovation,and procurement for innovation by universities and research institutes bring more significant innovation incentives for firms;and government procurement for innovation generates stronger innovation incentives for firms in strategic and emerging industries,private firms,and small-and medium-sized *** analysis reveals that demandside innovation procurement and supply-side innovation subsidies generally have mutually reinforcing synergies on corporate *** policy synergies vary depending on the levels of corporate innovation and the orders of policy *** terms of the levels of corporate innovation,the two-sided policies has mutually complementary effects on innovation-leading firms and mutually exclusive effects on innovation-lagging *** the perspective of the orders of policy implementation,the strategy of supply-side subsidies first,and demand-side procurement second is more effective in promoting corporate innovation than the strategies of demand-side procurement first and supply-side subsidies second,and supply-side subsidies and demand-side procurement *** study helps deepen the understanding of demand-side innovation sup

关键词： government procurement government procurement for innovation corporate innovation innovationpolicy

Comprehensive Dynamics of Banking: A Systemic Approach Incorporating Lending, Investment, and Capital Variables

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Journal of Systems Science and Information 2024年第3期12卷 323-339页

作者： Gulnaz ABDUKADYROVA Adilia TABYSHOVA Minara NAZEKOVA Jyldyz ALYMBAEVA Cholpon TOKTOSUNOVA department of Banking and the Securities Market Musa Ryskulbekov Kyrgyz Economic UniversityBishkek 720033Kyrgyz Republic department of Finance and Financial Technologies named after S.A.Sulaymanbekov Musa Ryskulbekov Kyrgyz Economic UniversityBishkek 720033Kyrgyz Republic

The research topic related to the analysis of banking activity is relevant since the banking sector is complex and dynamic and requires constant monitoring and analysis to make informed decisions. Using a mathematical model of system dynamics to analyse banking activities can help banks make better decisions, manage risk, ensure the stability and efficiency of operations, and adapt to changing conditions. The purpose of the study is to determine the influence of various factors, in particular economic activity, on the final profit of the bank. Among the methods used, the analytical method, the functional method, the system analysis method, the deduction method, the synthesis method, and the comparison method were applied. In the course of this study, an extensive analytical review of banking activities was carried out using a system dynamics model, taking into account the requirements of the International Financial Reporting Standards(IFRS 9). The study included various scenario analyses to explore the impact of changes in economic conditions on the bank's loan portfolio,risk level, and profitability. Both economic growth scenarios and recession scenarios were considered in order to more fully assess their impact on the financial condition of the bank. A forecast and analysis of the risks associated with lending, investments, and other bank operations was carried out. The practical significance lies in the application of the results obtained to address issues related to banking in order to increase the efficiency of this process and achieve a new level of development.

关键词： credit risks recession scenario economic activity management decisions loan portfolio

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Analysis of Supply Chain Sustainability Drivers in the Oil and Gas Industry under Covid-19 Pandemic

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 131-161页

作者： Sujan Piya department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering management University of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates

The supply chain of many industries,including Oil and Gas,was significantly affected by the disruption caused by the Covid ***,in turn,had a knock-on effect on other industries around the *** the impact of the disruption posed a major challenge for the *** study contributes to the existing literature by identifying and analyzing the most significant drivers that affected the sustainability of the Oil and Gas supply chain during the Covid *** drivers were identified based on an extensive literature review and a survey conducted with experts working in the Oil and Gas ***-criteria decision-making methodologies were used to analyze these *** analysis from the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process found that the most important drivers for the sustainability of the Oil and gas supply chain during the pandemic were"Risk management capacity","Government regulation"and"Health and safety of employees".On the other hand,the driver"Community Pressure"was found to be of the least ***,the study integrated the results of the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process with the fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution to calculate the supply chain sustainability index.A case example was demonstrated to rank the industries based on such *** study can support the governmental institutions in benchmarking the Oil and Gas industry based on its sustainability ***,the outcomes of the study will help industrial decision makers prioritize the drivers the company should focus and devise strategies based on the priority to improve the sustainability of their supply chain during severe *** will be crucial as the World health organization has cautioned that the world may encounter another pandemic in the near future.

关键词： Supply chain sustainability drivers Oil and gas supply chain Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process Fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution Covid-19

Dynamics of holographic images of scalar-tensor-vector gravity-AdS black holes

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第09期 278-294页

作者：胡馨匀 M.Israr Aslam Rabia Saleem 曾晓雄 College of economic and management Chongqing Jiaotong University department of Mathematics COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore-Campus State Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong University department of Mechanics Chongqing Jiaotong University

Using AdS/CFT correspondence,we analyze the holographic Einstein images via the response function of the complex scalar field as a probe wave on an AdS Schwarzschild scalar-tensor-vector gravity（STVG） black hole（BH）.We find that the amplitude of the response function || decreases with increasing values of coupling parameter a and increases with decreasing temperature *** frequency ω of the wave source also plays a significant role in wave periods;as we increase the values of ω,the periods of waves decrease,indicating that the total response function closely depends on the wave ***,we investigate the optical appearance of the holographic images of the BH in *** found that the holographic ring always appears with surrounding concentric stripes when the observer is located at the north pole,and an extremely bright ring appears when the observer is at the position of the photon sphere of the *** ring changes into a luminosity-deformed ring or a bright light spot as the observational angle *** corresponding brightness profiles show that the luminosity of the ring decreases and the shadow radius increases with increasing values of *** relation between temperature T and the inverse of the horizonheis discussed;T is small at the beginning of the horizon he and then increases as the horizon radius *** effect can be used to distinguish the STVG BH solution from other BH ***,these significant features are also reflected in the Einstein ring and corresponding brightness *** addition,we compare the results obtained by wave optics and geometric optics,which align well,implying that the holographic scheme adopted in this study is valid.

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Models to Simulate Effective Coverage of Fire Station Based on Real-Time Travel Times

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 483-513页

作者： Sicheng Zhu Dingli Liu Weijun Liu Ying Li Tian Zhou department of Engineering management Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha410114China

In recent years,frequent fire disasters have led to enormous damage in *** firefighting rescues can minimize the losses caused by *** the rescue processes,the travel time of fire trucks can be severely affected by traffic conditions,changing the effective coverage of fire ***,it is still challenging to determine the effective coverage of fire stations considering dynamic traffic *** paper addresses this issue by combining the traveling time calculationmodelwith the effective coverage *** addition,it proposes a new index of total effective coverage area(TECA)based on the time-weighted average of the effective coverage area(ECA)to evaluate the urban fire *** also selects China as the case study to validate the feasibility of the models,a fire station(FS-JX)in ***-JX station and its surrounding 9,117 fire risk points are selected as the fire service supply and demand points,respectively.A total of 196 simulation scenarios throughout a consecutiveweek are ***,1,933,815 sets of valid sample data are *** results showed that the TECA of FS-JX is 3.27 km^(2),which is far below the standard requirement of 7.00 km^(2) due to the traffic *** visualization results showed that three rivers around FS-JX interrupt the continuity of its effective *** proposed method can provide data support to optimize the locations of fire stations by accurately and dynamically determining the effective coverage of fire stations.

关键词： Fire services fire station effective coverage real-time traffic simulation