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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第5期49卷 486-494页

作者： J.P.KOCIOLEK department of ecology and evolutionary biology University of Colorado museum of natural history University of Colorado

A population of Meridion circulare ***(Greville) *** from Inner Mongolia was found to produce Innenschalen or internal *** of this population with light and scanning electron microscopy showed morphological differentiation between vegetative and spore *** valves typically bear costae and one rimoportula at the *** lack costae and have two rimoportulae,one at the headpole and the other at the *** is plasticity in the production of valve morphologies,and a variety of vegetative valve and spore combinations are *** population of *** *** has initial valves of over 90 μm in length,and all of the initial cells encountered are acostate and bear two *** observations suggest that either spores are the product of sexual reproduction,or that initial valves may be produced parthenogenetically in *** as products of the sexual process have not been reported in diatoms previously,and parthenogenesis in Meridion was reported previously but discounted in other published *** plasticity of valve morphologies expressed in *** ***,between vegetative valves and spores(and back) across a short temporal period suggests that diatoms can alter their cell wall structure dramatically and quickly in response to external variables.

关键词： Bacillariophyceae diatom Innenschalen internal valves Meridion systematics.

Mating system and genetic diversity of a rare desert legume Ammopiptanthus nanus (Leguminosae)

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2009年第1期47卷 57-66页

作者： Daniel J CRAWFORD department of ecology and evolutionary biology and the Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research CenterThe University of Kansas

Ammopiptanthus nanus is an endangered evergreen shrub endemic to the deserts of central Asia and plays an important role in delaying further desertification. We examined allozyme variation and AFLP diversity in A. nanus populations and investigated the mating system of this species using progeny arrays assayed for poly-morphic allozyme loci. Mating system analysis in the Keyi’eryongke’er population showed low levels of out-crossing, and strong inbreeding depression. Low levels of genetic variation were detected at both population (allozyme, Pp=14.0%, A=1.14, He=0.031; AFLP, Pp=14.5%, Shannon’s information index I=0.063) and species (allozyme, Pp=21.1%, A=1.21, He=0.040; AFLP, Pp=20.9%, I=0.083) levels; while moderate genetic differentiation existed among populations, as indicated by allozymes (GST=0.081) and AFLP (GST=0.151-0.193). Founder effect, bottlenecks in evolutionary history, the mixed mating system and co-ancestry may have influenced the level of genetic diversity in A. nanus. Markers of both types provide new insights for conservation management, indicating that the Biao’ertuokuoyi and Keyi’eryongke’er populations should be given priority for in situ conservation and regarded as seed sources for ex situ conservation.

关键词： AFLP allozyme Ammopiptanthus conservation endangered plant genetic structure outcrossing rate

Description of the song of the Nilgiri Thrush(Zoothera [aurea] neilgherriensis) and song differentiation across the Zoothera dauma species complex

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Avian Research 2018年第3期9卷 273-279页

作者： Jason T.Weir department of ecology and evolutionary biology University of Toronto department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough department of natural history Royal Ontario Museum

Background: Taxonomic treatment of the Zoothera dauma species complex is highly variable and has been hampered by the absence of song recordings for the Nilgiri Thrush(Zoothera [aurea] neilgherriensis).Methods: I obtained two recordings of the song of neigherriensis from southern Indian. Here I publish sonograms and analyze song recordings for all but one currently described taxon from the Eurasian portion of the geographic range of this species complex. Principal component analyses were used to investigate song differences between ***: The song of neigherriensis is a highly complex series of strophes remarkably similar to the song of the insular Zoothera major. Vocal analyses across the complex indicate four key groups of taxa differentiated in their songs:(1) simple flat whistled songs which include the northern aurea, toratugumi and the undescribed Taiwan population;(2) eastern populations of dauma(reported here for the first time) which sing like northern birds but with much broader bandwidth,(3) strongly down-slurred, thin whistles of tropical resident imbricata of Sri Lanka and horsfieldi of Indonesia, and(4) highly complex songs of Himalayan dauma, neilgherriensis and ***: Zoothera dauma is unlikely to represent a single species given the simple singing populations from its eastern range and highly complex song from the Himalayan portion of its range. neilgherriensis should either be transferred from Zoothera aurea, where it is currently classified as a subspecies, and be placed as a subspecies within Z. dauma from the Himalayas or it should be recognized as a distinct species. Given the small number of songs available for analyses, I suggest the former course until it can be clearly demonstrated that neilgherriensis and Himalayan dauma are vocally distinct.

关键词： Nilgiri Thrush neilgherriensis Zoothera dauma Song Taxonomy

Experimental evidence for ovarian hypofunction in sparrow hybrids

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Chinese Birds 2016年第1期7卷 79-83页

作者： Fabrice Eroukhmanoff Melissah Rowe Emily R.A.Cramer Fredrik Haas Jo S.Hermansen Anna Runemark Arild Johnsen Glenn-Peter Saetre department of Biosciences Center for Ecological and Evolutionary SynthesisUniversity of Oslo natural history museum University of Oslo department of biology Ecology BuildingLund University

Background: Postzygotic isolation in the form of reduced viability and/or fertility of hybrids may help maintain species boundaries in the face of interspecific gene flow. Past hybridization events between house sparrows(Passer domesticus) and Spanish sparrows(P. hispaniolensis) have given rise to a homoploid hybrid species, the Italian sparrow(P. italiae). Although genetic incompatibilities are known to isolate these three species, the biological consequences of these incompatibilities are still unknown in early generation ***: We investigated whether F1 hybrids between house and Spanish sparrows experience reduced viability or fertility. More specifically, we generated hybrids through controlled crosses in aviaries, and compared ovaries of female hybrids with female of pure?species ***: We found that overall, hybrid ovaries were underdeveloped and that half of all female hybrids exhibited symptoms of ovarian hypofunction(ovarian atrophy and complete absence of developed follicles).Conclusions: Fertility in hybrids is a common consequence or post?zygotic barriers between species. We discuss these results in light of previous findings on genetic incompatibilities between the parent species and the potential role of incompatibilities in hybrid speciation, a rare evolutionary process in birds.

关键词： Hybrid fitness Hybridization Ovary Sparrows Speciation

A new species of Discostella guiyangensis ***.(Bacillariophyta,Stephanodiscales)from Guiyang,China:morphology and phylogeny

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第4期42卷 1312-1324页

作者： Yandan XIANG Fangru NAN Xudong LIU Shulian XIE John Patrick KOCIOLEK Qi LIU School of Life Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China department of ecology and evolutionary biology and museum of natural history University of ColoradoBoulder CO 80309USA

We describe a new species of Discostella from Guiyang based on light and scanning electron microscopic observations,as well as molecular *** species is morphologically distinguished from other species by a relatively smooth and slightly recessed central area with marginal striae of unequal lengths forked near the *** fultoportulae and a single rimoportula are situated between every two costae or on the *** morphological characters and the concatenated data of rbc L and SSU rDNA indicate that Discostella guiyangensis is a unique and new *** to divergence time estimation analysis,Discostella guiyangensis is the oldest species among the Discostella species sequenced *** addition,we complement molecular data of Discostella asterocostata and Discostella stelligera.

关键词： Discostella morphology molecular analysis divergence time estimation new species

Gomphonema Ehrenberg species from the Yuntai Mountains,Henan Province,China

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第3期39卷 1042-1062页

作者： Qi LIU Nini CUI Jia FENG Junping LÜ Fangru NAN Xudong LIU Shulian XIE John Patrick KOCIOLEK School of Life Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China museum of natural history and department of ecology and evolutionary biology University of ColoradoUCB 218Boulder CO80309USA

We report on eight species of the freshwater diatom genus Gomphonema from aquatic habitats from the Yuntai Mountains of Henan Province,*** work represents the first detailed descriptions of the freshwater diatoms from this centrally-located province in *** the eight taxa considered,five are new to science and another is given a"cf."*** of the eight species are similar in morphological features to other,"classical"species,with external areolar occlusions forming C-shaped *** species is astigmate,and has distinct siliceous papillae located marginally on the exterior of the valves;this morphology has not been recognized previously for the *** of the species have internal areolar and stigma *** diversity of morphological types of species in Gomphonema may relate to the ecosystems,with more diverse ecosystems harboring greater diversity of these morphological groups of Gomphonema.

关键词： Gomphonema new species Bacillariophyceae morphology diatoms

Response to ‘Monotreme middle ear is not primitive for Mammalia’

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National Science Review 2021年第10期8卷 12-14页

作者： John R.Wible Sarah L.Shelley Shundong Bi Section of Mammals Carnegie Museum of Natural History Centre for Vertebrate evolutionary biology Yunnan University School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh department of biology Indiana University of Pennsylvania

To date, a complete auditory apparatus(with malleus, incus, stapes, ectotympanic and perhaps surangular) is known for only three Mesozoic mammals, the haramiyidan Arboroharamiya allinhopsoni [1], the multituberculate Sinobaatar pani [2] and the zhangheotheriid Origolestes lii [3], with subsets of these bones preserved in a handful more,

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Impacts of late Quaternary environmental change on the long-tailed ground squirrel(Urocitellus undulatus)in Mongolia

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Zoological Research 2018年第5期39卷 364-372页

作者： Bryan S.McLean Batsaikhan Nyamsuren ANDrey Tchabovsky Joseph A.Cook University of Florida Florida Museum of Natural History department of biology School of Arts and Sciences National University of Mongolia Laboratory of Population ecology A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of New Mexico Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology

Impacts of Quaternary environmental changes on mammal faunas of central Asia remain poorly understood due to a lack of comprehensive phylogeographic sampling for most *** help address this knowledge gap,we conducted the most extensive molecular analysis to date of the long-tailed ground squirrel （Urocitellus undulatus Pallas 1778） in Mongolia,a country that comprises the southern core of this species＇ *** on material from recent collaborative field expeditions,we genotyped 128 individuals at two mitochondrial genes （cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase Ⅰ;1797 bp total）.Phylogenetic inference supports the existence of two deeply divergent infraspecific lineages （corresponding to subspecies *** and ***）,a result in agreement with previous molecular investigations but discordant with patterns of range-wide craniometric and external phenotypic *** the widespread western eversmanni lineage,we recovered geographically-associated clades from the：（a） Khangai,（b） Mongolian Altai,and （c） Govi Altai mountain *** structure in *** is consistent with an isolation-by-distance model;however,genetic distances are significantly lower than among subspecies,and intra-clade relationships are largely *** latter patterns,as well as the relatively higher nucleotide polymorphism of populations from the Great Lakes Depression of northwestern Mongolia,suggest a history of range shifts into these lowland areas in response to Pleistocene glaciation and environmental change,followed by upslope movements and mitochondrial lineage sorting with Holocene *** study illuminates possible historical mechanisms responsible for *** genetic structure and contributes to a framework for ongoing exploration of mammalian response to past and present climate change in central Asia.

关键词： Central Asia Gobi Desert Great LakesDepression Mongolia Phylogeography

Paleornithology of China: A general review

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第23期44卷 2113-2116页

作者： HOU Lianhai and ZHOU Zhonghe Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoantfiropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Heijing 100044, China natural history museum and department of ecology and Kvolut ionary Kiology , University of Kansas , Lawrence , KS 66045 , USA Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Heijing China natural history museum and department of ecology and and evolutionary biology University of Kansas Lawrence USA

Study of fossil birds in China was first conducted by western scholars in last century, and extensive study of Cenozoic birds by Chinese scholars since the 1970s. However, it is the finding of Mesozoic birds, mostly from northeast China since the 1990s, that has become the focus and highlight of paleornithology of China. Enantiornithine birds from the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of China provide the most complete record of the early evolution of this

关键词： Mesozoic brids origin of brids origin of avian flight.

Genomic and mitochondrial evidence of ancient isolations and extreme introgression in the four-lined snake

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Current Zoology 2020年第1期66卷 99-111页

作者： Evanthia THANOU Panagiotis KORNILIOS Petros LYMBERAKIS Adam D.LEACHE department of biology University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA The Molecular ecology Backshop LoutrakiGreece Institute of evolutionary biology(CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra) BarcelonaSpain natural history museum of Crete University of CreteIrakleioGreece

Comparing mitochondrial and genomic phylogenies is an essential tool for investigating speciation processes,because each genome carries different inheritance properties and evolutionary ***,mitonuclear discordance may arise from ecological adaptation,historic isolation,population size changes,and sex-biased *** related taxa are expected to experience gene flow;however,this may not be true for insular populations or populations isolated in *** four-lined snake Elaphe quatuorlineata has a fragmented distribution,separating populations of the Italian and Balkan Peninsulas,whereas several insular Aegean populations of significantly smaller body size(Cyclades island group and Skyros Island,Greece)are currently considered distinct *** constructed the species-tree phylogeny of this species utilizing genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms and a gene-tree based on complete cytochrome b sequences,aiming to detect convergence and discrepancies between biparentally and maternally inherited *** structuring,phylogenetic patterns and migration events among geographically defined lineages supported our hypothesis of isolation in multiple *** biogeographical barriers did not restrict subsequent dispersal,extensive genetic exchange occurred between mainland Balkan *** process has led to the mitochondrial sweep of an ancestral mitolineage that survived only in peripheral(East Greece)and insular populations(North Cyclades and Skyros).The Central Cyclades represent an ancient lineage for both molecular markers that emerged almost 3.3 *** their distinct morphology,insular *** populations should be the future focus of an extensive sampling,especially since the mitonuclear discordance observed in this species could be related to ecological adaptations,such as the island-dwarfism phenomenon.

关键词： Aegean Islands Elaphe quatuorlineata species-tree genome-wide SNPs mitochondrial introgression phylogeography refugia within refugia