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Evaluation of phenanthrene removal from soil washing effluent by activated carbon adsorption using response surface methodology

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第2期35卷 399-405页

作者： Zenan Wang Xin Zheng Yan Wang Heng Lin Hui Zhang department of environmental Science and Engineering Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key LaboratorySchool of Resource and Environmental SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China department of environmental Science and Engineering Anhui Science and Technology UniversityFengyang 233100China

Soil washing is a promising technology for the remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH)-contaminated sites,but surfactant needs to be recovered to reduce remediation cost and avoid secondary *** this study,activated carbon(AC),prepared from waste walnut shells,was applied to the adsorptive removal of phenanthrene(PHE)from synthetic soil washing effluent with Tween 80 as a model ***-Behnken statistical experiment design(BBD)and response surface methodology(RSM)were used to investigate the influence of AC dosage,Tween 80 concentration and adsorption time,and their potential interaction effect on PHE removal.A response surface model was established based on the BBD experimental *** goodness of fit of the model was confirmed by determination coefficient,coefficient of variation(CV)and residuals *** RSM model indicates that AC dosage or adsorption time had positive effect on PHE removal while Tween 80 concentration had negative *** interaction effect between AC dosage and Tween 80 concentration was significant but the other two interaction effects were *** 3D response surface plots were developed based on the RSM *** RSM model was validated by an additional experiment and the obtained result of PHE removal was very close to the model prediction,indicating the RSM model can effectively predict the PHE removal from soil washing effluent with activated carbon adsorption.

关键词： Activated carbon Adsorption Phenanthrene Response surface methodology Tween 80

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Determination of Latent Heats of Vaporization and Fusion

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2024年第3期14卷 113-124页

作者： Lahbib Abbas Lahcen Bih Khalid Yamni Abderrahim Elyahyaouy Abdelmalik El Attaoui Zahra Ramzi Chemistry department Faculty of Science and Technology Moulay Ismail University Meknes Er-Rachidia Morocco Engineering sciences and Professions Laboratory National School of Arts and Crafts Moulay Ismail University Meknes Meknes Morocco Materials Membranes and Nanotechnology Chemistry Department Faculty of Sciences Moulay Ismail University Meknes Zitoune Mekns Morocco Physics department Faculty of Sciences Ibn Tofail University Kenitra Morocco Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry Materials and Environment (LCM2E) Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador Mohamed 1st University Oujda Nador Morocco Laboratory of SCiMATOP Chemistry Department Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech Morocco

Water is the most abundant liquid on the surface of the earth. It is a liquid whose properties are quite surprising, both as a pure liquid and as a solvent. Water is a very cohesive liquid: its melting and vaporization temperatures are very high for a liquid that is neither ionic nor metallic, and whose molar mass is low. Thus, water remains liquid at atmospheric pressure up to 100C while similar molecules such as H2S, H2Se, H2Te for example would give a vaporization temperature close to 80C. This cohesion is in fact ensured by hydrogen bonds between water molecules. This type of bonds between neighboring molecules, hydrogen bonds, is quite often found in chemistry [1] [2]. Any change in the state of aggregation of a substance occurs with the absorption or release of a certain amount of latent heat of transformation. Latent heat of fusion, vaporization or sublimation is the ratio of the energy supplied as heat to the mass of the substance that is melted, vaporized or sublimated. As a result of the reversibility of the processes, the fusion heat is equal to the heat released in the reverse process: crystallization and solidification heat. And likewise the heat of vaporization is equal to the heat of condensation. This equality of heat is often used to determine experimentally either of these quantities. There are two main measurement methods: 1) Direct measurement using the calorimeter, 2) Indirect measure based on the use of the VantHoff relationship. The objective of this work is to measure the latent heat of water vaporization and verify the compatibility of the experimental values with the values given by the tables using the indirect method.

关键词： Latent Heat of Vaporization Latent Heat of Fusion Calorimetry Relationship of Vant’Hoff

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Low-energy spin dynamics in a Kitaev material Na_(3)Ni_(2)BiO_(6) investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 518-524页

作者：史昕雨崔祎上官艳艳徐霄宇吴占龙胡泽李硕杜柯帆陈颖马龙刘正鑫温锦生张金珊于伟强 Mathematics and Physics department North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials&Micro-nano Devices Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education) Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and department of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Innovative Center for Advanced Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

We perform ^(23)Na nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) and magnetization measurements on an S=1,quasi-2D honeycomb lattice antiferromagnet Na_(3)Ni_(2)BiO_(6).A large positive Curie-Weiss constant of 22.9 K is *** NMR spectra at low fields are consistent with a zigzag magnetic order,indicating a large easy-axis *** the field applied along the c*axis,the NMR spectra confirm the existence of a 1/3-magnetization plateau phase between 5.1 T and 7.1 *** transition from the zigzag order to the 1/3-magnetization plateau phase is also found to be a first-order type.A monotonic decrease of the spin gap is revealed in the 1/3-magnetization plateau phase,which reaches zero at a quantum critical field H_(C)≈8.35 T before entering the fully polarized *** data suggest the existence of exchange frustration in the system along with strong ferromagnetic interactions,hosting the possibility for Kitaev ***,well below the ordered phase,the 1/T_(1) at high fields shows either a level off or an enhancement upon cooling below 3 K,which suggests the existence of low-energy fluctuations.

关键词： one–third magnetization plateau phase nuclear magnetic resonance honeycomb-lattice antiferromagnet Kitaev interaction

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Near-infrared double-cable conjugated polymers based on alkyl linkers with tunable length for single-component organic solar cells

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 452-456页

作者： Yikun Wang Qiaomei Chen Shijie Liang Dongdong Xia Chaowei Zhao Christopher R.McNeill Weiwei Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering&State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Institute of Applied Chemistry Jiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchang 330096China department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityWellington RoadClaytonVictoria 3800Australia

The photovoltaic properties of double-cable conjugated polymers are significantly influenced by the length of the alkyl linkers that connect donor backbones and acceptor side units. In this study, a series of 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile(IC)-based double-cable polymers with alkyl linkers ranging from C_8H_(16)to C_(16)H_(32)(Px, x = 8, 10, 12, 14, 16) were synthesized for single-component organic solar cells(SCOSCs). Among these, the linker length x = 12(P12) is found to optimize the power conversion efficiencies(PCEs) in SCOSCs. Specifically, PCEs increase from P8 to P12 and then decline from P12to P16. Detailed investigations of optical absorption, charge transport, and morphology provide insights into the underlying factors contributing to these PCE variations. The findings indicate that the exceptional photovoltaic properties observed in P12 can be attributed to three key factors: A delicate balance between enhanced charge separation facilitated by the increased spacer length and reduced crystallinity resulting from longer spacers, higher charge mobilities, and well-balanced hole/electron transport characteristics. This study highlights the critical role of linker length in determining the photovoltaic properties of double-cable conjugated polymer-based SCOSCs and offers valuable guidance for the design of novel double-cable conjugated polymers.

关键词： Single-component organic solar cells Double-cable conjugated polymers Photovoltaic properties Alkyl linkers

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M_(4)X_(3) MXenes:Application in Energy Storage Devices

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 522-542页

作者： Iftikhar Hussain Waqas Ul Arifeen Shahid Ali Khan Sikandar Aftab Muhammad Sufyan Javed Sajjad Hussain Muhammad Ahmad Xi Chen Jiyun Zhao PRosaiah Khaled Fahmi Fawy Adnan Younis Sumanta Sahoo Kaili Zhang department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloon TongHong KongPeople's Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityDaehak-roGyeongsan-siGyeongbuk-do 38541South Korea department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering and Clean Energy Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000People's Republic of China department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea department of Physics Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)ThandalamChennai 602105India department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 900461413 AbhaSaudi Arabia department of Physics College of ScienceUnited Arab Emirates UniversityP.O.Box 15551Al-AinUnited Arab Emirates School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbuk 38541South Korea

MXene has garnered widespread recognition in the scientific com-munity due to its remarkable properties,including excellent thermal stability,high conductivity,good hydrophilicity and dispersibility,easy processability,tunable surface properties,and admirable *** have been categorized into different families based on the number of M and X layers in M_(n+1)X_(n),such as M_(2)X,M_(3)X_(2),M_(4)X_(3),and,recently,M_(5)X_(4).Among these families,M_(2)X and M_(3)X_(2),par-ticularly Ti_(3)C_(2),have been greatly explored while limited studies have been given to M_(5)X_(4)MXene ***,studies on the M_(4)X_(3)MXene family have developed recently,hence,demanding a compilation of evaluated ***,this review provides a systematic overview of the latest advancements in M_(4)X_(3)MXenes,focusing on their properties and applications in energy storage *** objective of this review is to provide guidance to researchers on fostering M_(4)X_(3)MXene-based nanomaterials,not only for energy storage devices but also for broader applications.

关键词： MXene M_(4)X_(3)MXenes 2D materials Energy storage Properties

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Microscopic Magnetism of Nickel-Based Infinite-Layer Superconducting Parent Compounds RNiO_(2)(R=La,Nd):AμSR Study

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第9期41卷 133-139页

作者： Qiong Wu Ying Fu Le Wang Xuefeng Zhou Shanmin Wang Zihao Zhu Kaiwen Chen Chengyu Jiang Toni Shiroka Adrian D.Hillier Jia-Wei Mei Lei Shu State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Department of PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of PhysicsSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Laboratory for Muon-Spin Spectroscopy Paul Scherrer InstituteCH-5232 Villigen PSISwitzerland Laboratorium fur Festkorperphysik ETH ZurichCH-8093 ZurichSwitzerland ISIS Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryChiltonDidcotOxfordshireOX110QXUnited Kingdom Shanghai Research Center for Quantum sciences Shanghai 201315China

By using muon spin relaxation(μSR)measurements,we perform a comparative study of the microscopic magnetism in the parent compounds of infinite-layer nickelate superconductors RNiO_(2)(R=La,Nd).In either compound,the zero-fieldμSR spectra down to the lowest measured temperature reveal no long-range magnetic *** LaNiO_(2),short-range spin correlations appear below T=150 K,and spins fully freeze below T∼10 ***_(2)exhibits a more complex spin dynamics driven by the Nd 4𝑓and Ni3d electron spin ***,it shows features suggesting the proximity to a spin-glass state occurring below T=5 *** both compounds,the spin behavior with temperature is further confirmed by longitudinal-fieldμSR *** results provide new insight into the magnetism of the parent compounds of the superconducting nickelates,crucial to understanding the microscopic origin of their superconductivity.

关键词： order. nickel relaxation

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Geographic distribution of arsenic contamination in the Himalayan Rivers flowing through Pakistan: Implications for its natural source and effects of anthropogenic activities

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第4期38卷 543-555页

作者： Ishtiaque Hussain Hafiz Ur.Rehman Takaaki Itai Junaid Ali Khattak Abida Farooqi environmental Geochemistry Laboratory Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Biological Sciences Quaid-i-Azam University department of environmental sciences University of Baltistan Skardu Graduate School of sciences and Engineering Kagoshima University department of Earth and Planetary environmental Science (UG) Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo department of Earth and Planetary Physics (UG) Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo department of Earth and Planetary Science (GR) Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo

Arsenic(As) in natural hydrological systems is known as a worldwide major environmental concern. A geochemical and sedimentological study was done to ascertain the origin and geographical distribution of As in surface water and fluvial sediment collected from the floodplains/basins of the River Indus and its four major tributaries that drain through the northern Pakistan. The hydrogeochemical compositions of all five rivers were similar with calcium(Ca2+) and bicarbonate(HCO3-) being the dominating ions. The concentration of As ranged from 0.62-24.05 μg/L(average 3.7 ± 3.5 μg/L, n = 61) in river water, 2.3-23.4 mg/kg(average 5.7 ± 3.9 mg/kg) in suspended sediment, and 2.0-13 mg/kg(average4.13 ± 2.3 mg/kg) in fluvial sediment. Various approaches were used, including mineralogical, sequential extraction, geochemical, and statistical analyses to investigate the distribution, behavior, and potential sources of As in the sediment. The effect of geological factors on the distribution of As was also *** noticeable changes in the relative abundance of minerals were observed in the sediment at different locations along the river. Both mineralogical and statistical analyses showed that silicate minerals like muscovite, biotite, and chloride are the main As reservoir while oxides minerals like hematite and magnetite, which are minor components in the sediment are second largest As carrier. A geochemical baseline, using the normalization and cumulative frequency distribution curves was constructed for *** estimated mean human contribution of As was 3.4% in the Indus River, 1.9% in the Jhelum River, 13.7%in the Chenab River, 17.5% in the Ravi River and 5.4% in the Sutlej River, indicating relatively higher effects of anthropogenic activity along the Chenab River and Ravi River. The almost negligible effects of anthropogenic activities were additionally confirmed through the pollution assessment parameters estimated from the geo-enrichment, contamination factors, and ac

关键词： Arsenic Indus basin Geochemical baseline Source Contamination assessment

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Experimental study of the transition from non-Darcian to Darcy behavior for flow through a single fracture

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2015年第5期27卷 679-688页

作者：钱家忠王沐 ZHANG Yong 严小三赵卫东 School of Resources and environmental Engineering Hefei University of Technology department of Geological sciences University of Alabama

Laboratory experiments are designed in this paper using single fractures made of cement and coarse sand for a series of hydraulic tests under the conditions of different fracture apertures, and for the simulation of the evolution of the flow pattern at places far from the outlet. The relationship between the hydraulic gradient and the flow velocity at different points, and the proportion evolution of the linear and nonlinear portions in the Forchheimer formula are then discussed. Three major conclusions are obtained. First, the non-Darcian flow exists in a single fracture in different laboratory tests. Better fitting accuracy is obtained by using the Forchheimer formula than by using the Darcy law. Second, the proportion of the Darcy flow increases with the increase of the observation scale. In places far enough, the Darcy flow prevails, and the critical velocity between the non-Darcian flow and the Darcy flow decreases as the fracture aperture increases. Third, when the fracture aperture increases, the critical Reynolds number between the non-Darcian flow and the Darcy flow decreases.

关键词： non-Darcian flow Darcy behavior transition single fracture experimental study

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Competitor densities,habitat,and weather:effects on interspecific interactions between wild deer species

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第5期16卷 670-684页

作者： Francesco FERRETTI NiccolòFATTORINI Research Unit of Behavioural ecology Ethology and Wildlife ManagementDepartment of Life SciencesUniversity of SienaSienaItaly

There is a growing interest on the potential interplay between weather,habitat,and interspecific competition on population dynamics of wild *** environmental conditions may buffer the negative effects of competition;conversely,competition may be expected to be stronger under harsh environmental *** investigated relationships between competitor abundance,weather,and habitat cover on density and local distribution of a medium-sized herbivore,the roe deer Capreolus capreolus,as well as its spatial overlap with fallow deer Dama dama in a Mediterranean protected *** 11 years(2007–2017),roe deer density was not affected by spring–summer rainfall in the previous year and decreased with increasing density of fallow deer in the previous ***,over the considered temporal scale,results supported a major role of competition over weather in influencing population trends of roe *** a finer spatial scale,roe deer occupancy was negatively affected by local abundance of fallow deer,especially in“poorer”*** found a slight support for a positive effect of fallow deer density on interspecific spatial ***,fine-scale spatial overlap between deer species increased with decreasing rainfall in spring–*** deer were introduced to our study area in historical times and their role as superior competitors over roe deer has been found also in other study *** suggest a potential role of harsh weather conditions during the growing season of vegetation(*** rainfall)in triggering the potential for ecological overlap,emphasizing the negative effects of interspecific competition.

关键词： interspecific competition deer niche partitioning rainfall ungulates Dama dama Capreolus capreolus

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Contribution of the Kodama and 4S pathways to the dibenzothiophene biodegradation in different coastal wetlands under different C/N ratios

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Journal of environmental sciences 2019年第2期31卷 217-226页

作者： Lei Wang Guodong Ji Siqiao Huang Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment sciences Ministry of EducationDepartment of Environmental EngineeringPeking University

Dibenzothiophene(DBT) degradation mechanisms and the transformation of pathways during the incubation of three types of coastal sediments with C/N ratios ranging from 1 to 9 were investigated. The DBT degradation efficiencies were clearly improved with increasing C/N ratio in reed wetland sediments, tidal wetlands sediments and estuary wetland sediments. The quantitative response relationships between DBT degradation rates and related functional genes demonstrate that the Kodama pathway-related gene groups were dominant factors at low C/N ratios, while the 4S-related gene groups mainly determined the degradation rate when the C/N ratio was up to 5. Network analysis also shows that the pathway shifts from the Kodama pathway to the 4S pathway occurred through changes in the connections between functional genomes and rates. Furthermore, there were competition and collaboration between the Kodama and 4S pathways. The 4S pathway-related bacteria were more active in estuary wetland sediments compared with reed wetland sediments and tidal wetland sediments. The higher degradation efficiency in estuary wetland sediments may indicate the greater participation of the 4S pathway in the DBT biodegradation reaction. And the effects of ring cleavage of Kodama pathway caused more complete metabolizing of DBT.

关键词： Dibenzothiophene(DBT) Coastal wetlands Functional genes Degradation mechanism Quantitative response relationship Network analysis

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