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Review of deep learning and artificial intelligence models in fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第16期11卷 3725-3735页

作者： Farzan Vahedifard Jubril O Adepoju Mark Supanich Hua Asher Ai Xuchu Liu Mehmet Kocak Kranthi K Marathu Sharon E Byrd Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Rush Medical CollegeChicagoIL 606012United States Division for diagnostic Medical Physics Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 606012United States

Central nervous system abnormalities in fetuses are fairly common,happening in 0.1%to 0.2%of live births and in 3%to 6%of stillbirths.So initial detection and categorization of fetal Brain abnormalities are critical.Manually detecting and segmenting fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)could be timeconsuming,and susceptible to interpreter experience.Artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms and machine learning approaches have a high potential for assisting in the early detection of these problems,improving the diagnosis process and follow-up procedures.The use of AI and machine learning techniques in fetal brain MRI was the subject of this narrative review paper.Using AI,anatomic fetal brain MRI processing has investigated models to predict specific landmarks and segmentation automatically.All gestation age weeks(17-38 wk)and different AI models(mainly Convolutional Neural Network and U-Net)have been used.Some models'accuracy achieved 95%and more.AI could help preprocess and postprocess fetal images and reconstruct images.Also,AI can be used for gestational age prediction(with one-week accuracy),fetal brain extraction,fetal brain segmentation,and placenta detection.Some fetal brain linear measurements,such as Cerebral and Bone Biparietal Diameter,have been suggested.Classification of brain pathology was studied using diagonal quadratic discriminates analysis,Knearest neighbor,random forest,naive Bayes,and radial basis function neural network classifiers.Deep learning methods will become more powerful as more large-scale,labeled datasets become available.Having shared fetal brain MRI datasets is crucial because there aren not many fetal brain pictures available.Also,physicians should be aware of AI's function in fetal brain MRI,particularly neuroradiologists,general radiologists,and perinatologists.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Fetal brain Magnetic resonance imaging Neuroimaging

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Initial experience from a combination of systemic and regional chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with nonresectable cholangiocellular carcinoma in the liver

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第8期11卷 1091-1095页

作者： Timm Kirchhoff Lars Zender Sonja Merkesdal Bernd Frericks Nisar Malek Joerg Bleck Stefan Kubicka Stefan Baus Ajay Chavan Michael P.Manns Michael Galanski department of diagnostic radiology department of Gastroenterology Division of Rheumatology department of radiology and nuclear medicine

AIM: In nonresectable cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC)therapeutic options are limited. Recently, systemic chemotherapy has shown response rates of up to 30%.Additional regional therapy of the arterially hyper vascularized hepatic tumors might represent a rational approach in an attempt to further improve response and palliation. Hence, a protocol combining transarterial chemoembolization and systemic chemotherapy was applied in patients with CCC limited to the liver.METHODS: Eight patients (6 women, 2 men, mean age 62 years) with nonresectable CCC received systemic chemotherapy (gemcitabine 1 000 mg/m2) and additional transarterial chemoembolization procedures (50 mg/m2cisplatin, 50 mg/m2 doxorubicin, up to 600 mg degradable starch microspheres). Clinical follow-up of patients, tumor markers, CT and ultrasound were performed to evaluate maximum response and toxicity.RESULTS: Both systemic and regional therapies were tolerated well; no severe toxicity (WHO Ⅲ/Ⅳ) was encountered. Nausea and fever were the most commonly observed side effects. A progressive rarefication of the intrahepatic arteries limited the maximum number of chemoembolization procedures in 4 patients. A median of 2 chemoembolization cycles (range, 1-3) and a median of 6.5 gemcitabine cycles (range, 4-11) were administered.Complete responses were not achieved. As maximum response, partial responses were achieved in 3 cases,stable diseases in 5 cases. Two patients died from progressive disease after 9 and 10 mo. Six patients are still alive. The current median survival is 12 mo (range, 9-18); the median time to tumor progression is 7 mo (range, 3-18). Seven patients suffered from tumor-related symptoms prior to therapy, 3 of these experienced a treatment-related clinical relief. In one patient the tumor became resectable under therapy and was successfully removed after 10 mo.CONCLUSION: The present results indicate that a combination of systemic gemcitabine therapy and repeated regional chemoembolizations is well tolerated and may enhance the effect

关键词：化学疗法胆管细胞癌肝脏全身联合治疗

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基于人群筛查的数字钼靶摄影与乳腺体层摄影中乳腺密度对诊断性能的影响

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国际医学放射学杂志 2019年第6期 734-735页

作者： B.H.?ster?s A.C.T.Martinsen R.Gullien P.Skaane 徐文达 department of diagnostic Physics and Division of radiology and nuclear medicine Oslo University Hospital

摘要目的根据容积密度、年龄和乳腺摄影的结果,比较数字化乳腺摄影(DM)与乳腺体层摄影(DBT)的真阳性和假阳性结果。材料与方法从2010年11月—2012年12月

关键词：乳腺密度年龄组钼靶摄影体层摄影人群筛查

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功能磁共振成像时域功能熵及其在脑疾病中的应用

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中华医学杂志 2022年第35期102卷 2808-2813页

作者：周福庆 Ze Wang 曾献军南昌大学第一附属医院影像科南昌330006 Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore 21201United States

熵,这一原本热力学概念被引入功能磁共振成像(fMRI)中,用于度量时间尺度上的规律性和不可预测性。时域功能熵和功能连接之间存在负的时空线性相关,被认为是大脑处理信息能力的重要指标,能提供区域灌注、低频波动幅度所不能提供的信息。... 详细信息

熵,这一原本热力学概念被引入功能磁共振成像(fMRI)中,用于度量时间尺度上的规律性和不可预测性。时域功能熵和功能连接之间存在负的时空线性相关,被认为是大脑处理信息能力的重要指标,能提供区域灌注、低频波动幅度所不能提供的信息。作为大脑功能信号的一项基本特征,fMRI的时域功能熵已用于揭示意识、衰老等生理和病理状态(如阿尔茨海默病、精神分裂症、重度抑郁症、自闭症谱系障碍、成瘾和多发性硬化等疾病),为认识脑疾病提供了新的利器。本篇文章从fMRI时域功能熵及其分析技术的优势及局限性、生理基础及意义、临床应用和未来方向几个方面进行描述,以期能为相关专业领域的同道们进一步了解功能熵提供帮助。

关键词：放射学熵功能磁共振成像复杂性大脑

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Sofosbuvir/Ribavirin therapy for patients experiencing failure of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir + ribavirin therapy: Two cases report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第9期7卷 1043-1052页

作者： Ken Sato Yuichi Yamazaki Takeshi Kobayashi Satoshi Takakusagi Norio Horiguchi Satoru Kakizaki Masayasu Andou Yoshihiro Matsuda Toshio Uraoka Hiroshi Ohnishi Hiroaki Okamoto department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine department of Nephrology and Rheumatology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Division of Virology Department of Infection and Immunity Jichi Medical University School of Medicine

BACKGROUND The effectiveness of sofosbuvir/ribavirin(SOF/RBV) combination therapy,which is one of the 1 st-choice therapeutic options for patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV) genotype 2(HCV-G2) in Japan according to the most recent version of the Japan Society of Hepatology guideline, for patients who experienced failure of the ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir plus ribavirin(OBV/PTV/r+RBV) combination therapy, which was another option for patients with HCV-G2, is unknown.CASE SUMMARY We evaluated the effects of SOF/RBV combination therapy in two patients with genotype 2 a who could not achieve a sustained virological response(SVR) by OBV/PTV/r+RBV combination therapy. One patient was complicated with VogtKoyanagi-Harada(VKH) disease. Resistance-associated variations before SOF/RBV combination therapy were not detected in two patients. Both patients had an SVR at 12 wk after the treatment(SVR12). Regarding adverse events(AEs), itching, chill, a dull feeling in the throat and cough as well as increase of alanine transaminase level were shown in one patient, while a headache and deterioration of light aversion probably due to the recurrence of VKH disease were shown in the other patients. In addition, the latter patient developed arthralgia and morning stiffness approximately 7 wk after the therapy and turned out to be diagnosed with rheumatoid arthralgia.CONCLUSION SOF/RBV therapy might be effective for patients experiencing failure of OBV/PTV/r+RBV therapy, but caution should be taken regarding the AEs.

关键词： Direct-acting antiviral agent failure Hepatitis C Genotype 2 Ribavirin Sofosbuvir Case report

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Application of Unenhanced Computed Tomography Texture Analysis to Differentiate Pancreatic Adenosquamous Carcinoma from Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

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Current Medical Science 2022年第1期42卷 217-225页

作者： Shuai REN Hui-juan TANG Rui ZHAO Shao-feng DUAN Rong CHEN Zhong-qiu WANG department of radiology Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210029China Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMD 21201USA department of Oncology Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210029China department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences Marche Polytechnic UniversityAncona 60126Italy GE Healthcare Shanghai 201203China

Objective:The objective of this study was to investigate the application of unenhanced computed tomography(CT)texture analysis in differentiating pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma(PASC)from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC).Methods:Preoperative CT images of 112 patients(31 with PASC,81 with PDAC)were retrospectively reviewed.A total of 396 texture parameters were extracted from AnalysisKit software for further texture analysis.Texture features were selected for the differentiation of PASC and PDAC by the Mann-Whitney U test,univariate logistic regression analysis,and the minimum redundancy maximum relevance algorithm.Furthermore,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the texture feature-based model by the random forest(RF)method.Finally,the robustness and reproducibility of the predictive model were assessed by the 10-times leave-group-out cross-validation(LGOCV)method.

关键词： platelet doubling computed tomography pancreatic neoplasms adenocarcinoma adenosquamous carcinoma texture analysis

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Magnetic resonance imaging in breast cancer:A literature review and future perspectives

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第2期5卷 61-70页

作者： Gisela LG Menezes Floor M Knuttel Bertine L Stehouwer Ruud M Pijnappel Maurice AAJ van den Bosch department of radiology and nuclear medicine University Medical Centre Utrecht

Early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer are essential for successful treatment. Currently mammography and ultrasound are the basic imaging techniques for the detection and localization of breast tumors. The low sensitivity and specificity of these imaging tools resulted in a demand for new imaging modalities and breast magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) has become increasingly important in the detection and delineation of breast cancer in daily practice. However, the clinical benefits of the use of pre-operative MRI in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer is still a matter of debate. The main additional diagnostic value of MRI relies on specific situations such as detecting multifocal, multicentric or contralateral disease unrecognized on conventional assessment(particularly in patients diagnosed with invasive lobular carcinoma), assessing the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, detection of cancer in dense breast tissue, recognition of an occult primary breast cancer in patients presenting with cancer metastasis in axillary lymph nodes, among others. Nevertheless, the development of new MRI technolo-gies such as diffusion-weighted imaging, proton spectroscopy and higher field strength 7.0 T imaging offer a new perspective in providing additional information in breast abnormalities. We conducted an expert literature review on the value of breast MRI in diagnosing and staging breast cancer, as well as the future potentials of new MRI technologies.

关键词： Breast magnetic resonance imaging Cancer Diffusion-weighted imaging Spectroscopy 7.0 tesla

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脑MRI中的定量磁敏感图:与CT值之间的关系

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国际医学放射学杂志 2020年第3期 358-359页

作者： S.Oshima Y.Fushimi T.Okada K.Takakura C.L.Liu Y.Yokota 姜文蓁 department of diagnostic Imaging and nuclear medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University

摘要定量磁敏感图(QSM)用于区分钙化与铁沉积,很少有文献研究CT值与磁敏感性在此类材料中的关系。目的评价顺磁性与逆磁性体模的金属浓度、CT值及磁敏感性之

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3D printing-based frugal manufacturing of glass pipettes for minimally invasive delivery of therapeutics to the brain

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Neuroprotection 2023年第1期1卷 58-65页

作者： Guanda Qiao David Gulisashvili Anna Jablonska Guiling Zhao Miroslaw Janowski Piotr Walczak Yajie Liang Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology Department of PhysiologyCenter for Biomedical Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA

Objective:Intracerebral delivery of agents in liquid form is usually achieved through commercially available and durable metal needles.However,their size and texture may contribute to mechanical brain damage.Glass pipettes with a thin tip may significantly reduce injection-associated brain damage but require access to prohibitively expensive programmable pipette pullers.This study is to remove the economic barrier to the application of minimally invasive delivery of therapeutics to the brain,such as chemical compounds,viral vectors,and cells.Methods:We took advantage of the rapid development of free educational online resources and emerging low-cost 3D printers by designing an affordable pipette puller(APP)to remove the cost obstacle.Results:We showed that our APP could produce glass pipettes with a sharp tip opening down to 20μm or less,which is sufficiently thin for the delivery of therapeutics into the brain.A pipeline from pipette pulling to brain injection using low-cost and open-source equipment was established to facilitate the application of the APP.Conclusion:In the spirit of frugal science,our device may democratize glass pipette-puling and substantially promote the application of minimally invasive and precisely controlled delivery of therapeutics to the brain for finding more effective therapies of brain diseases.

关键词： 3D-printable brain injection frugal science glass pipette pulling

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肺间质性疾病在CT改良模式下的T2图

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国际医学放射学杂志 2016年第1期 84-85页

作者： M.T.A.Buzan M.Eichinger M.Kreuter H.U.Kauczor F.J.Herth A.Warth 魏晓磊 department of diagnostic and Interventional radiology with nuclear medicine Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital

目的采用肺T图对普通型间质性肺炎(UIP)和非特异性间质性肺炎(NSIP)中毛玻璃样(GGO)、网状(RE)和蜂窝状阴影(HC)进行定量鉴别,并对其评估。方法对12例处于稳定期的UIP或NSIP病人的肺部行多层螺旋CT薄层扫描及1.5 T MRI检查。在CT上选取... 详细信息

目的采用肺T图对普通型间质性肺炎(UIP)和非特异性间质性肺炎(NSIP)中毛玻璃样(GGO)、网状(RE)和蜂窝状阴影(HC)进行定量鉴别,并对其评估。方法对12例处于稳定期的UIP或NSIP病人的肺部行多层螺旋CT薄层扫描及1.5 T MRI检查。在CT上选取188个区域,包括正常区(n=29)、GGO(n=48)、RE(n=60)和HC(n=51)。肺的T2图扫描方式采用心电及呼吸门控技术的多回波单次激发快速自旋回波序列(TE:20、40、79、140和179 ms)。结果 GGO T2中值为67 ms(范围60~72 ms)。RE T2中值为74 ms(69~

关键词：肺间质性疾病 UIP NSIP GGO T2 CT

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