检索结果-南通市图书馆

Habitat use by mountain nyala Tragelaphus buxtoni determined using stem bite diameters at point of browse, bite rates, and time budgets in the Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia

引用

Current Zoology 2013年第6期59卷 707-717页

作者： Solomon A. TADESSE Butt P. KOTLER Mitriani department for desert Ecology Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the NegevMidreshet Ben-Gurion 84990 Israel

We studied the habitat use of mountain nyala Tragelaphus buxtoni in the northern edge of the Bale Mountains Na- tional Park, Ethiopia. The aims of this study were to：（1） measure and quantify habitat-specific stem bite diameters of mountain nyala foraging on common natural plant species in two major habitat types （i.e. grasslands versus woodlands）, and （2） quantify the bite rates （number of bites per minute） and the activity time budgets of mountain nyala as functions of habitat type and sex-age category. We randomly laid out three transects in each habitat type. Following each transect, through focal animal obser- vations, we assessed and quantified stem diameters at point of browse （dpb）, bite rates, and time budgets of mountain nyala in grasslands versus woodlands. Stem dpb provide a measure of natural giving-up densities （GUDs） and can be used to assess fora- ging costs and efficiencies, with greater stem dpb corresponding to lower costs and greater efficiencies. The results showed that stem dpb, bite rates, induced vigilance, and proportion of time spent in feeding differed between habitats. In particular, mountain nyala had greater stem dpb, higher bite rates, and spent a greater proportion of their time in feeding and less in induced vigilance in the grasslands. In addition, adult females had the highest bite rates, and the browse species Solanum marginatum had the greatest stem dpb. Generally, grasslands provide the mountain nyala with several advantages over the woodlands, including of- fering lower foraging costs, greater safety, and more time for foraging. The study advocates how behavioural indicators and natural GUDs are used to examine the habitat use of the endangered mountain nyala through applying non-invasive techniques. We conclude that the resulting measures are helpful for guiding conservation and management efforts and could be applicable to a number of endangered wildlife species including the mountain nyala .

关键词： Behavioural indicators Bite rates Mountain nyala Natural giving-up densities Non-invasive techniques Stem bite diameters Vigilance

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Evaluation of Drought Hazard Area of GharehAghaj Basin in Iran, Using GIS

引用

Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2014年第2期4卷 147-154页

作者： Abdol Rassoul Zareiee Masoud Masoudi College of Agricultural and Natural Science Fasa University Fasa Iran department of desert zones management Agricultural College Shiraz University Shiraz Iran

In GharehAghaj basin drought has the most profound effect on the way of living and regional economy. Drought Hazard by nature is a result of interrelated parameters concerned. The objective of this paper presents a model to assess hazard of drought using the Geographical Information System (GIS). The data analyzed have been gathered from the records, reports and maps published by the governmental offices of Iran. Various drought hazard indicators have different severity classification in different models. The drought hazard indicator maps take into account the meteorological, hydrological, physical and socioeconomic characteristics that related to drought hazard. Each of the hazard indicator maps and also final hazard map are classified into 4 hazard classes of drought: mild, moderate, severe and very severe. The final hazard classes were defined on the basis of hazard scores arrived at by assigning the appropriate attributes to the indicators and the final hazard map was prepared by overlaying different hazard indicator maps in the GIS, deploying the new model. The final Hazard Map shows that moderate hazard areas (89.87% of the basin) are much widespread than areas under severe hazard (10.13% of the basin) which are observed in the Southeast of the region.

关键词： Evaluation Drought Hazard Area GIS GharehAghaj Basin Iran

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Estimating oak forest parameters in the western mountains of Iran using satellite-based vegetation indices

引用

Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第2期31卷 541-552页

作者： Adel Nouri Bahman Kiani Mohammad Hossein Hakimi Mohammad Hossein Mokhtari department of Forest Sciences Faculty of Natural ResourcesYazd UniversityYazdIslamic Republic of Iran department of desert management Faculty of Natural ResourcesYazd UniversityYazdIslamic Republic of Iran

Remote sensing is an important tool for studying and modeling forest *** indices obtained from Landsat-8 remotely sensed data were used to estimate the forest parameters in the western mountains of *** sample points were selected on the map of Bayangan County,Kermanshah province,*** each point,a cluster of five rectangular plots of 8100 m2 and 200 m apart was *** clusters were primarily sampled to determine the variance of the forest *** coefficient of variation was used as a criterion for sample *** density,canopy cover and basal area per hectare were calculated for each *** indices were extracted fromthe Landsat-8 images for each *** linear and nonlinear regressions were conducted to develop the *** models were validated using an independent data *** of model parameters was statistically *** results showed that Normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)and Transformed normalized difference vegetation index(TNDVI)followed by Simple ratio vegetation index(SRVI)were the best predictors,explaining up to 91%of the variations with high *** NDVI,Soil adjusted vegetation index 2(SAVI2)and SRVI,the cubic model was more appropriate than the linear model for predicting the forest *** this model,the R-square value increased while NRMSE decreased *** Infrared percentage vegetation index(IPVI),the quadratic model was better,but,for other vegetation indices,nonlinear models were not superior to linear ***,it can be concluded that Landsat-8 imagery is suitable for predicting forest parameters in the oak forests of western *** course,large plots must be selected,and pre-classification is necessary to gain accurate and precise estimations.

关键词： Basal area Canopy cover Density Landsat-8 Modeling

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Site-Specific Nitrogen management in Dry Direct-Seeded Rice Using Chlorophyll Meter and Leaf Colour Chart

引用

Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 72-81页

作者： Ali Mohamed ALI Harmit Singh THIND Sandeep SHARMA YADVINDER-SINGH department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural University department of Soil Fertility and Microbiology Desert Research Centre

The need to maintain high rice yields and improve fertilizer nitrogen(N)-use efficiency has fueled the use of tools such as leaf colour chart(LCC) and chlorophyll meter(SPAD meter) in managing fertilizer N based on colour of the leaf. Field experiments were conducted during 2011 to 2013 at Ludhiana, India to assess the need for basal N application and to establish critical threshold values of leaf greenness as measured by LCC and SPAD meter for formulating strategies for in-season management of fertilizer N in dry direct-seeded rice(DDSR). Avoiding application of N at sowing did not adversely affect rice grain yield, indicating that basal N application in DDSR was not necessary and might lead to reduced N-use efficiency. Monitoring N uptake rate during the growing season of DDSR suggested that N uptake rate peaked at the two growth stages: maximum tillering(42 to 56 days after sowing(DAS))and panicle initiation stages(70 to 84 DAS). Using the Cate-Nelson procedure, critical LCC and SPAD meter values for fertilizer N application worked out to be 4 and 37, respectively. Real-time fertilizer N management strategy based on applying 30 kg N ha-1whenever SPAD meter or LCC readings fell below the critical values maintained optimum rice yields along with higher N-use efficiency than that observed by following blanket recommendation for fertilizer N in the region. The fixed-time variable-dose strategy consisted of applying prescriptive doses of 20 kg N ha-1at 14 DAS and 30 kg N ha-1at 28 DAS and corrective doses of 30, 40 or 50 kg N ha-1at 49 and 70 DAS depending upon LCC shade to be ≥ 4, 4–3.5, or < 3.5 and SPAD meter readings to be ≥ 40, 40–35, or< 35, respectively. This strategy also resulted in optimal rice yield along with higher N-use efficiency as compared to the blanket recommendation. This study revealed that in DDSR, fertilizer N could be managed more efficiently using the tools of LCC and SPAD meter than the current blanket recommendation.

关键词： basal N application critical value grain yield leaf greenness N-use efficiency

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Determine the most appropriate strategy for groundwater management in arid and semi-arid regions, Abhar Plain, Iran

引用

Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2023年第2期11卷 97-115页

作者： Fatemeh Einlo Mohammad Reza Ekhtesasi Mehdi Ghorbani Parviz Abdinejad Watershed management Engineering Department of Rangeland and Watershed ManagementFaculty of Natural Resources and Desert StudiesYazd UniversityIran department of Rangeland and Watershed management Faculty of Natural Resources and Desert StudiesYazd UniversityIran department of Reclamation of Arid and Mountainous Regions Faculty of Natural ResourcesTehran UniversityIran Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Zanjan ZanjanIran

Due to growing demand and reduction of water resources and increasing pollution of water,driven by dramatic population and economic growth, arid and semi-arid land's imminent water problems are nowadays aggravating. This study aims to determine the most appropriate management strategies for balancing the Abhar plain aquifer using the SWOT coupled with AHP technique. The results indicate that weaknesses prevail over strengths as well as threats over opportunities. The placement in the quarter of weaknesses-threats with a defensive strategy indicates the critical condition of the Abhar plain aquifer. The most appropriate solutions to achieve the goal of balancing the groundwater were prioritized by AHP method. According to results, improper management of water consumption with a weight of 72.5% is the most destructive factor in reducing groundwater resources. Among the types of consumption, the effect of an agricultural factor carries a weight of 74.2%. The exploitation of illegal wells, overdraft of exploitation license provisions of wells, reduction of precipitation and traditional irrigation methods were selected as the destructive factors causing the deteriration of groundwater resources. Also, with filling the illegal wells,changing the type of cultivation and greenhouse crops cultivation, installing a smart water meter,observance the provisions of the water exploitation license, implementing integrated pressurized irrigation systems, benefiting from suitable climatic conditions and geographical location for cultivating and developing the low-water use species and industries and on the other hand, with implementing artificial recharge to control the surface water resources and reduce abstraction from groundwater aquifers, the adverse trend of Abhar Plain groundwater resources can be controlled.

关键词： Groundwater balancing Model SWOT AHP Abhar Plain aquifer

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Are local plague endemicity and ecological characteristics of vectors and reservoirs related? A case study in north-east Tanzania

引用

Current Zoology 2009年第3期55卷 200-211页

作者： Anne LAUDISOIT Simon NEERINCKX Rhodes H.MAKUNDI Herwig LEIRS Boris R.KRASNOV Zoogeographical Research Unit University of Liège Evolutionary Ecology Group Department of BiologyUniversity of Antwerpen department of Earth & Environmental Sciences Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Celestijnenlaan Pest management Centre Sokoine University of Agriculture Danish Pest Infestation Laboratory Department of Integrated Pest ManagementFaculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Aarhus Mitrani department of desert Ecology Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental ResearchJacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert ResearchBen-Gurion University of the NegevSede-Boqer Campus

The pattern of plague endemicity in Tanzania is characterized by continuous re-appearance of the disease in some locations, while in other neighbouring villages the disease has never or seldom been observed. To understand the reasons for this pattern, we studied small mammal and flea species composition, diversity and relative abundances in two plague-endemic and two plague-free locations. We asked （a） whether fleas more abundant in plague-endemic locations differ in their characteristic abundance and the degree of their host specificity from fleas more abundant in plague-free locations and （b） whether hosts most abundant in p/ague-endemic locations differ in the diversity of their flea assemblages from hosts most abundant in p/ague-free locations. We characterized （a） each host species by species richness and degree of taxonomic relatedness of its flea assemblages and （b） each flea species by its mean abundance and size, and degree of taxonomic relatedness of its host spectrum and compared their relative abundances between locations. No significant difference between plague-endemic and plague-free locations in either host density or any variable related to flea abundance or diversity was found. However, there was marginally significant effect of taxonomic distinctness of a flea assemblage barboured by a host on its probability to be more abundant in either plague-endemic or plague-free locations. Furthermore, hosts more abundant in plague-endemic locations tended to harbour closely-related fleas. Finally, while opportunistic and specialist fleas were equally distributed in both sets of locations, fleas exploiting distantly-related hosts were found mainly in plague-free locations during the rainy season. We suggest that the observed patterns might arise due to seasonal and spatial differences in local microclimatic conditions and landscape connectivity [ Current Zoology 55 （3）： 200 - 211, 2009].

关键词： Flea Rodent Landscape connectivity Opportunistic Plague Tanzania

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Water Requirements of Sugar Beet Beta vulgaris under Heavy Cracking Clay Soils

引用

Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2012年第8期2卷 865-874页

作者： Abdelhadi Abdel Wahab Ahmed Ali Salih Arabian Gulf University Desert and Arid Zones Sciences Program College of Graduate Studies Manamah Kingdom of Bahrain

Crop coefficients （Kc） of sugar beet were determined for accurate calculation of water requirements （CWR） and better irrigation water management. Three irrigation treatments were used during two seasons to measure actual crop water use （ETc） under no soil stress treatment using gravimetric sampling. In the second season （SS）, the method was modified to target 8 temporal points during crop growth for smooth calculation of ETc under sufficient moisture supply to avoid the distortion that was created by the continuous gravimetric sampling after, before and during each irrigation cycle on the experimental plots. Water was stopped when each targeted sampling point was reached using large plots where intensive sampling continues until the crop reaches severe water stress or permanent wilting point （PWP）. The actual crop water use was extracted from the soil moisture depletion curve which allowed the identification of two clear segments. The first segment indicated crop water use during no water stress while the change of the slope indicated the beginning of the water stress. The reference crop evapotranspiration （ET0） was determined on daily basis using appropriate weather data that coincides with the ETc measurement and consequently the crop Kc were calculated. The results showed that the method used during the SS is easy and provides a better understanding of actual crop water use and better estimation of crop Kc. The calculated 10-day Kc values for sugar beet under heavy cracking clay soil conditions were： 0.46, 0.49, 0.53 and 0.60; for the initial stage： 0.69, 0.78, 0.88 and 0.97; for the development stage： 1.05, 1.11, 1.13, 1.11 and 1.04; for mid-season stage and for late season stage： 0.92, 0.74 and 0.60. Yield and other sugar related parameters were also presented for the two seasons.

关键词： Sugar beet crop water requirements cracking clay gravimetric sampling.

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Seasonal and habitat dependence of fleas parasitic on small mammals in Tanzania

引用

Integrative Zoology 2009年第2期4卷 196-212页

作者： Anne LAUDISOIT Herwig LEIRS Rhodes MAKUNDI Boris Ronald KRASNOV Zoogeographical Research Unit Universitéde LiègeLiègeBelgium Evolutionary Ecology Group Universiteit AntwerpenAntwerpenBelgium General bacteriology Unit VARBrusselsBelgium Danish Pest Infestation Laboratory Department of Integrated Pest ManagementUniversity of AarhusKongens LyngbyDenmark Pest management Centre Sokoine University of AgricultureMorogoroTanzania Mitrani department of desert Ecology Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert ResearchBen-Gurion University of the NegevMidreshet Ben-GurionIsrael

We investigated host and flea species composition across different habitats during dry and rainy seasons in the Western Usambara Mountains in *** both seasons,similarity in flea species composition increased with an increase in the similarity in host species ***,between-season within-habitat as well as within-season between-habitat similarity in host species composition was higher than similarity in flea species *** of habitats according to their host and flea species composition demonstrated that the pattern of between-habitat similarity in both host and flea species composition varied *** the relatively rich mammal and flea fauna of the study region,the major contribution to variation in species composition between seasons and among habitats was due to a few species *** assemblages on Lophuromys kilonzoi Verheyen et al.,2007 and Praomys delectorum Thomas,1910 in different habitats were equally similar in either *** contrast,flea assemblages on Mastomys natalensis(Smith,1834)occurring in different habitats were more similar in the dry than in the rainy season,whereas the opposite was the case for fleas on Grammomys *** different hosts,the main differences in species composition of flea assemblages between seasons as well as among habitats were due to different flea *** our results support the earlier idea that parasite species composition is determined by both host species composition and habitat properties,the former appears to explain variance in flea species composition between localities in the tropics better than between localities in temperate and arid zones.

关键词： Africa flea assemblages rodents seasonal tropical habitats.

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Using the movement patterns of reintroduced animals to improve reintroduction success

引用

Current Zoology 2014年第4期60卷 515-526页

作者： Oded BERGER-TAL David SALTZ department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles & Applied Animal Ecology Division Institute for Conservation Research San Diego Zoo Global CA USA Mitrani department of desert Ecology Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Israel

Despite their importance to conservation, reintroductions are still a risky endeavor and tend to fail, highlighting the need for more efficient post-release monitoring techniques. Reintroduced animals are released into unfamiliar novel environ ments and must explore their surroundings to gain knowledge in order to survive. According to theory, knowledge gain should be followed by subsequent changes to the animal＇s movement behavior, making movement behavior an excellent indicator of reintroduction progress. We aim to conceptually describe a logical process that will enable the inclusion of behavior （in particular, movement behavior） in management decision-making post-reintroductions, and to do so, we provide four basic components that a manager should look for in the behaviors of released animals. The suggested components are release-site fidelity, recurring locations, proximity to other individuals, and individual variation in movement behavior. These components are by no means the only possible ones available to a manager, but they provide an efficient tool to understanding animals＇ decision-making based on ecological theory; namely, the exploration-exploitation trade-off that released animals go through, and which underlies their behavior. We demonstrate our conceptual approach using data from two ungulate species reintroduced in Israel： the Persian fallow deer Dama mesopotamica and the Arabian oryx Oryx leucoryx [Current Zoology 60 （4）： 515-526, 2014] .

关键词： Adaptive management Arabian oryx Conservation behavior Exploration-exploitation trade-off Persian fallow deer Reintroductions

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Wheat grain yield and nitrogen uptake prediction using atLeaf and GreenSeeker portable optical sensors at jointing growth stage

引用

Information Processing in Agriculture 2020年第3期7卷 375-383页

作者： Ali M.Ali S.M.Ibrahim Bijay-Singh department of Soil Fertility and Microbiology Desert Research CenterCairo 11753Egypt department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhiana 141004India

Rapid acquisition of information about nitrogen(N)uptake and grain yield is an essential step in making site-specific in-season fertilizer N management *** objective of this study was to quantify and validate the relationships between N uptake and grain yield of wheat using in-season measurements with atLeaf chlorophyll meter and GreenSeeker optical sensor at Feekes 6 growth stage(jointing stage)of *** relationships were developed using data generated from experiments with multi-rate fertilizer N treatments and conducted in two consecutive wheat seasons(2017/2018 and 2018/2019)at two locations in the western Nile Delta of Egypt.A power function based on atLeaf measurement at Feekes 6 stage of wheat could explain 55.3%and 53.3%variations in the N uptake at this stage and grain yield at maturity,*** with GreenSeeker were related with N uptake and yield of wheat through exponential function and could explain 68.5%and 60.6%of the variation in N uptake and grain yield,*** developed models were validated on an independent data set from another field experiment on *** normalized root mean square error for the relation between atLeaf measurements and N uptake and grain yield were fair,whereas the fits were good for measurements with *** study reveals that atLeaf chlorophyll meter and GreenSeeker optical sensor can be successfully used for establishing site-specific N management strategies in wheat.

关键词： N uptake Grain yield Wheat atLeaf sensor GreenSeeker sensor

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：