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Inhibition behavior of Tragia involucrata L. phenolic compounds against acidic medium corrosion in low carbon steel surface

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第3期27卷 717-725页

作者： Ill-Min Chung Seung-Hyun Kim Venkatesan Hemapriya Kathirvel Kalaiselvi Mayakrishnan Prabakaran department of crop Science College of sanghr Life Science Konkuk University department of Chemistry PSGR Krishnammal College for Women

The antioxidant and anticorrosive effect of Tragia involucrate L.(T. involucrate L.) was evaluated to aid in finding new compounds which can be used for various purposes. The total phenolic(TPC) and flavonoid content(TFC),antioxidant activity(DPPH, reducing potential and phosphomolybdenum), and electrochemical measurements,Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR), UV–visible(UV–vis) spectral analysis, scanning electron microscopy/energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM–EDX) and atomic force microscopy(AFM) were done to analyze the potency and also the inhibition efficiency of T. involucrate L. against 1 mol·L^(-1) HCl on low carbon steel. The TPC(145.21 mg GAE·g^(-1)), TFC(52.32 mg QCE·g^(-1)) and antioxidant activities were found to be significant. The electrochemical studies performed by AC impedance measurements showed significant changes in impedance spectra without causing any change in Nyquist plots. An increase in charge transfer resistance(Rct) values, a blockage in active sites exhibiting cathodic and anodic inhibition shows the action of inhibitor on low carbon steel. This was later confirmed by FT-IR and UV–vis which showed variation in absorption band at 270 nm and273 nm(before immersion) and 208 and 281 nm(after immersion). The same was tested again by SEM–EDX through altered strength of iron and oxygen bands and using AFM by analyzing the change in average roughness values of low carbon steel before(61.65 nm) and after(97.87 nm) exposure to blank acid without inhibitor, while it was shifted to 81.58 nm in acid with inhibitor. All these results showed strong evidence adding values to T. involucrate L. plant extract in inhibiting corrosion on low carbon steel and by promoting antioxidant importance of the extract which helps in scavenging free radicals.

关键词： Tragia involucrate L Antioxidant Corrosion Adsorption Electrochemistry SEM–EDX–AFM

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Effects of heavy metals (Pb^(2+) and Cd^(2+)) on the ultrastructure, growth and pigment contents of the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2009年第2期27卷 383-388页

作者： K. K. I. U. Arunakumara 张学成 College of Marine life Sciences Ocean University of China department of crop Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Ruhuna

The unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, a model organism known for its unique combination of highly desirable molecular genetic, physiological and morphological characteristics, was employed in the present study. The species was cultured in BG11 liquid medium contained various initial concentrations of Pb^2＋ and Cd〉（0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 mg/L）. The experiment was conducted for six days and the metal induced alterations in the ultrastructure, growth and pigment contents were assessed. Alterations in the ultrastructure of the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cells became evident with the increased （〉4 mg/L Pb^2＋） metal concentration. The photosynthetic apparatus （thylakoid membranes） were found to be the worst affected. Deteriorated or completely destroyed thylakoid membranes have made large empty spaces in the cell interior. In addition, at the highest concentration （8 mg/L pb^2＋）, the polyphosphate granules became more prominent both in size and number. Despite the initial slight stimulations （0.2, 3.8 and 6.5% respectively at 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/L pb^2＋）, both metals inhibited the growth in a dose-dependent manner as incubation progressed. Pigment contents （chlorophyll a, 13 carotene and phycocyanin） were also decreased with increasing metal concentration. Cells exposed to 6 mg/L Pb^2＋, resulted in 36.56, 37.39 and 29.34% reductions of chlorophyll a, 13 carotene and phycocyanin respectively over the control. Corresponding reductions for the same CdZ＋concentrations were 57.83, 48.94 and 56.90%. Lethal concentration （96 h LC50） values （3.47 mg/L Cd^2＋ and 12.11 mg/L Pb^2＋） indicated that Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is more vulnerable to Cd^2＋ than Pb^2＋.

关键词： growth pigment contents Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 ultrastructure

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Overaccumulation of glycine betaine makes the function of the thylakoid membrane better in wheat under salt stress

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The crop Journal 2017年第1期5卷 73-82页

作者： Fengxia Tian Wenqiang Wang Chao Liang Xin Wang Guiping Wang Wei Wang State Key Laboratory of crop Biology Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural University College of life Science and Technology Nanyang Normal University

Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) lines T1, T4, and T6 were genetically modified to increase glycine betaine(GB) synthesis by introduction of the BADH(betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, BADH)gene from mountain spinach(Atriplex hortensis L.). These transgenic lines and WT of wheat(T. aestivum L.) were used to study the effect of increased GB synthesis on wheat tolerance to salt stress. Salt stress due to 200 mmol L-1Na Cl impaired the photosynthesis of the four wheat lines, as indicated by declines in net photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs),maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII(Fv/Fm), and actual photochemical efficiency of PSII(ФPSII) and an increase in intercellular CO2concentration(Ci). In comparison with WT, the effect of salinity on the three transgenic lines was mild. Salt stress caused disadvantageous changes in lipids and their fatty acid compositions in the thylakoid membrane of the transgenic lines and WT. Under salt stress, the three transgenic lines showed slightly higher chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and higher Hill reaction activities and Ca2+-ATPase activity than WT. All the results suggest that overaccumulation of GB resulting from introduction of the BADH gene can enhance the salt tolerance of transgenic plants, especially in the protection of the components and function of thylakoid membranes, thereby making photosynthesis better. Changes in lipids and fatty acid compositions in the thylakoid membrane may be involved in the increased salt stress tolerance of the transgenic lines.

关键词： Transgenic wheat Glycine betaine Photosynthesis Salt stress Thylakoid membrane

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Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Enhanced Antioxidant Capacity, Amylase Activities and Salt Tolerance of Cucumber Hypocotyls and Radicles

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第3期12卷 445-456页

作者： YU Li-xu ZHANG Cun-jia SHANG Hong-qin WANG Xiu-feng WEI Min YANG Feng-juan SHI Qing-hua State Key Laboratory of crop Biology/College of Horticulture Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University department of life Sciences Heze University

In the present experiment, effects of sodium hydrosulfide （NariS）, a H2S donor, on the oxidative damage, antioxidant capacity and the growth of cucumber hypocotyls and radicles were studied under 100 mmol L^-1 NaCl stress. NaCl treatment significantly induced accumulation of H2O2 and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances （TBARS） in cucumber hypocotyls and radicles, and application of NariS dramatically reduced the accumulation of H/O2 and lipid peroxidation. However, the alleviating effects greatly depended on the concentrations of NariS, and 400 ~tmol L-1 NariS treatment showed the most significant effects. Corresponding to the change of lipid peroxidation, higher activities of antioxidant enzymes as well as the antioxidant capacity indicated as DPPH scavenging ac＇tivity, chelating activity of ferrous ions and hydroxyl radical （.OH） scavenging activity were induced by Naris treatment under NaCI stress, especially by 400 Ixmol L-I Naris treatment. With the alleviating lipid peroxidation, the amylase activities in cotyledons were increased, and the length of cucumber hypocotyls and radicles were significantly promoted by NariS treatment under NaCI stress. Unlike the effects of NariS, pretreatment with other sodium salts including Na2S, NazSO4, NaHSO4, Na2SO3, NaHSO3 and NaAc did not show significant effects on the growth of cucumber hypocotyls and radicles. These salts do not release H2S. Based on above results, it can be concluded that the effects of NariS in the experiment depended on the H2S rather than other compounds derived from NariS, and the alleviating effects might related with its function in modulating antioxidant capacity and amylase activities.

关键词： cucumber tolerance salt stress seed priming hydrogen sulfide antioxidant capacity

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Boosting Seed Development as a New Strategy to Increase Cotton Fiber Yield and Quality

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第7期55卷 572-575页

作者： Yong-Ling Ruan department of Biology School of Environmental and Life SciencesThe University of Newcastle Australia Australia-China Research Centre for Crop ImprovementThe University of Newcastle

Cotton （Gossypium spp.） is the most important textile crop worldwide due to its cellulosic mature fibers, which are single-celled hairs initiated from the cotton ovule epidermis at anthesis. Research to improve cotton fiber yield and quality in recent years has been largely focused on identifying genes regulating fiber cell initiation, elonga- tion and cellulose synthesis. However, manipulating some of those candidate genes has yielded no effect or only a marginally positive effect on fiber yield or quality. On the other hand, evolutionary comparison and transgenic studies have clearly shown that cotton fiber growth is intimately controlled by seed development. Therefore,I propose that enhancing seed development could be a more effective and achievable strategy to increase fiber yield and quality.

关键词： Auxin cotton fiber seed development sugars seed maternal and filial tissues.

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Effects of cowpea(Vigna unguiculata) root mucilage on microbial community response and capacity for phenanthrene remediation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第7期27卷 45-59页

作者： Ran Sun Richard W.Belcher Jianqiang Liang Li Wang Brian Thater David E.Crowley Gehong Wei State Key Laboratory of crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas College of Life Sciences Northwest A&F University department of Environmental Sciences University of California at Riverside

Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） is normally limited by their low solubility and poor bioavailability. Prior research suggests that biosurfactants are synthesized as intermediates during the production of mucilage at the root tip. To date the effects of mucilage on PAH degradation and microbial community response have not been directly examined. To address this question, our research compared 3 cowpea breeding lines（Vigna unguiculata） that differed in mucilage production for their effects on phenanthrene（PHE） degradation in soil. The High Performance Liquid Chromatography results indicated that the highest PHE degradation rate was achieved in soils planted with mucilage producing cowpea line C1, inoculated with Bradyrhizobium, leading to 91.6% PHE disappearance in 5 weeks. In root printing tests, strings treated with mucilage and bacteria produced larger clearing zones than those produced on mucilage treated strings with no bacteria or bacteria inoculated strings. Experiments with14C-PHE and purified mucilage in soil slurry confirmed that the root mucilage significantly enhanced PHE mineralization（82.7%）, which is 12% more than the control treatment without mucilage. The profiles of the PHE degraders generated by Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis suggested that cowpea C1, producing a high amount of root mucilage, selectively enriched the PHE degrading bacteria population in rhizosphere. These findings indicate that root mucilage may play a significant role in enhancing PHE degradation and suggests that differences in mucilage production may be an important criterion for selection of the best plant species for use in phytoremediation of PAH contaminated soils.

关键词： Bioremediation Mucilage Phytoremediation PAH mineralization Rhizosphere

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Roles of lignin biosynthesis and regulatory genes in plant development

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第11期57卷 902-912页

作者： Jinmi Yoon Heebak Choi Gynheung An crop Biotech Institute Kyung Hee University department of life Science Pohang University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Biotechnology Kyung Hee University

Lignin is an important factor affecting agricultural traits, biofuel production, and the pulping industry. Most lignin biosynthesis genes and their regulatory genes are expressed mainly in the vascular bundles of stems and leaves, preferentially in tissues undergoing Iignification. Other genes are poorly expressed during normal stages of development, but are strongly induced by abiotic or biotic stresses. Some are expressed in non-lignifying tissues such as the shoot apical meristem. Alterations in lignin levels affect plant develop- ment. Suppression of lignin biosynthesis genes causes abnormal phenotypes such as collapsed xylem, bending stems, and growth retardation. The loss of expression by genes that function early in the lignin biosynthesis pathway results in more severe developmental phenotypes when compared with plants that have mutations in later genes. Defective lignin deposition is also associated with phenotypes of seed shattering or brittle culm. MYB and NAC transcriptional factors function as switches, and some homeobox proteins negatively control lignin biosynthesis genes. Ectopic deposition caused by overexpression of lignin biosynthesis genes or master switch genes induces curly leaf formation and dwarfism.

关键词： Development lignin rice

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Biodegradability of soil water soluble organic carbon extracted from seven different soils

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第5期21卷 641-646页

作者： SCAGLIA Barbara ADANI Fabrizio department of crop Science Section of Soil Chemistry University of Milano

Water soluble organic carbon （WSOC） is considered the most mobile and reactive soil carbon source and its characterization is an important issue for soil ecology study. A biodegradability test was set up to study WSOC extracted from 7 soils differently managed. WSOC was extracted from soil with water （soil/water ratio of 1：2, W/V） for 30 min, and then tested for biodegradability by a liquid state respirometric test. Result obtained confirmed the finding that WSOC biodegradability depended on the both land use and management practice. These results suggested the biodegradability test as suitable method to characterize WSOC, and provided useful information to soil fertility.

关键词： biodegradability test cumulated oxygen uptake water extractable organic carbon water soluble organic carbon

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Impact of thermal treatment and fermentation by lactic acid bacteria on sorghum metabolite changes, their antioxidant and antidiabetic activities

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Food Bioscience 2022年第1期45卷 284-292页

作者： Fred Kwame Ofosu Fazle Elahi Eric Banan-Mwine Daliri Sang-Ik Han Deog-Hwan Oh department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Life SciencesKangwon National UniversityChuncheonGangwon-do24341South Korea department of Southern Area crop Science NICS Upland Crop Breeding Res.Div.Gyeongsangnaam-do50424South Korea department of Biological Models Life Sciences CenterVilnius UniversityLithuania

This study evaluated the impact of thermal treatment and lactic acid bacteria fermentation of sorghum on the antioxidant,antidiabetic,nutritional and metabolite *** cooking and pressurized cooking improved the antioxidant capacity compared to *** of wet cooked(H95F)and pressurized cooked samples(H121F)further enhanced the ABTS and DPPH antioxidant capacity by 2.4 and 2.0 times;and 1.5 and 1.8 times higher than raw,*** acidilactici OHFR1 fermentation of sorghum M20 genotype after wet cooking at 60℃,80℃ and 95℃ significantly decreasedα-glucosidase inhibition to 39.1%,40.6% and 46.4%,respectively,compared to raw(51.6%).However,α-glucosidase inhibition significantly increased to 70.1% after pressurized cooking and ***,28 metabolites including phenolic compounds,amino acids and their derivatives,peptides and microbial metabolites were identified in sorghum M20 using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS non-targeted approach after *** to the raw sorghum sample,wet cooking and pressurized cooking resulted in 9 differential metabolites *** after wet and pressurized cooking resulted in 4 and 14 differential metabolites,respectively,compared to the *** findings confirm the potential of thermal treatment and fermentation to significantly modify sorghum bioactive components and their use as functional ingredients in the management of diabetes.

关键词： Whole sorghum grain Cooking Fermentation Antioxidant capacity Antidiabetic

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Comparison and Analysis of QTLs, Epistatic Effects and QTLx Environment Interactions for Yield Traits Using DH and RILs Populations in Rice

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第2期12卷 198-208页

作者： ZHAO Xin-hua QIN Yang JIA Bao-yan Suk-Man Kim Hyun-Suk Lee Moo-Young Eun Kyung-Min Kim Jae-Keun Sohn department of Agronomy Shenyang Agricultural University School of Applied Biosciences College of Agriculture & Life Science Kyungpook National University Bio safety Division Department of Agricultural Biotechnology National Academy of Agricultural Sciences Rural Development Administration C/O IRRI-Korea office National Institute of Crop Science Rural Development Administration

Two genetic linkage maps, constructed by DH and RILs populations derived from the same parents, were carried out for the identification and comparison of QTLs controlling yield traits across different years in rice （Oryza sativa L.）. A total of 194 SSR and STS markers were used in two maps, of which 114 markers were same. The distribution of Samgang allele was higher in RILs population than it in DH population. Comparing with DH population, RILs population has more lines with higher yield and wider phenotypic transgressive segression for yield traits. Although most of QTLs for the same trait were different in two populations across different years, 8 QTLs （including gwp 11.1, spp5.1, spp 10.1, spp 11.2, ssrl. 1, ssrl 1.1, tgw9.1 and tgwl 1.1） were detected over 2 yr. It is important to note that pppl0.1, sppl0.1 and tgw9.1 were identified in two populations, while sppl 0.1 and tgw9.1 were simultaneity observed across different years. Epistatic effects were more important than additive effects for PPP, SPP, yield in DH population and TGW, yield in R/Ls population. Epistatic effects of DH and RILs populations were different on the same genetic background in the present study, which illuminated the QE interaction played an important role on epistatic effect. Identification and comparison of QTLs for yield traits in DH and RILs populations should provide various and more precise information. The QTLs identified in present study would be valuable in marker-assisted selection program for improving rice yield.

关键词： RILs epistics effect QE interaction yield

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