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Public Organization Participation in the Prevention of Sexual Crimes against Minors and Adolescents:International Practices

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2024年第2期10卷 99-105页

作者： Saltanat Azhibekova Bibigul Kulmukhanbetova department of Postgraduate Education Karaganda Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan Named After Barimbek BeisenovKaragandaKazakhstan1Center for Research of Criminal Policy and Criminology IssuesLaw Enforcement Academy Under the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Republic of KazakhstanKosshyKazakhstan

Background:The study of how to prevent crimes against kids’and adolescents’sexual freedom and inviolability is an ongoing topic of interest for scientific-legal *** Kazakhstan,the trend of the dynamics of committing such crimes is relatively high,as in other countries,which indicates the need to change approaches and means to prevent such sexual *** and Objective:The goal of this study is to analyze statistical data on the number of crimes against minors and adolescents’sexual integrity in Kazakhstan,as well as the effectiveness of domestic and international best practices in combating this issue,as well as the level of public sector involvement in this *** and Methods:The issue under study is quite broad in its content;therefore,several scientific and methodological tools were used for its in-depth *** functional and dialectical approaches are specifically mentioned,along with the methods of analysis and synthesis,comparison,formal-legal procedure,and ***:Both theoretical and practical facets of the issue under investigation were examined as a result of the research that was ***,at the beginning of the study,all the necessary theoretical foundations for a qualitative understanding of the research object are ***:The practical part of the study determines the effectiveness of the available methods for preventing sexual crimes against minors and adolescents,considers the regulations governing this type of criminal offense,and analyses the approaches and tools used by foreign countries in this area.

关键词： criminal offense physical violence rape sexual harassment sexual integrity

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Energy-Efficient Implementation of BCD to Excess-3 Code Converter for Nano-Communication Using QCA Technology

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China Communications 2024年第6期21卷 103-111页

作者： Nuriddin Safoev Angshuman Khan Khudoykulov Zarif Turakulovich Rajeev Arya department of Cybersecurity&criminology Tashkent University of Information TechnologiesTashkent 100084Uzbekistan department of Electronics and Communication Engineering University of Engineering and ManagementJaipurRajasthan 303807India department of Cryptology Tashkent University of Information TechnologiesTashkent 100084Uzbekistan department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology PatnaBihar 800005India

Code converters are essential in digital nano communication;therefore,a low-complexity optimal QCA layout for a BCD to Excess-3 code converter has been proposed in this paper.A QCA clockphase-based design technique was adopted to investigate integration with other complicated *** a unique XOR gate,the recommended circuit’s cell complexity has been *** findings produced using the QCADesigner-2.0.3,a reliable simulation tool,prove the effectiveness of the current structure over earlier designs by considering the number of cells deployed,the area occupied,and the latency as design *** addition,the popular tool QCAPro was used to estimate the energy dissipation of the proposed *** proposed technique reduces the occupied space by∼40%,improves cell complexity by∼20%,and reduces energy dissipation by∼1.8 times(atγ=1.5EK)compared to the current scalable *** paper also studied the suggested structure’s energy dissipation and compared it to existing works for a better performance evaluation.

关键词： BCD code converter Excess-3 nano communication QCA circuits

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Social Vulnerability Factors and Reported Post-Disaster Needs in the Aftermath of Hurricane Florence

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第1期12卷 13-23页

作者： Julia Crowley department of criminology and criminal justice Western Carolina UniversityCullowheeNC 28723USA

This research examines the relationship between social vulnerability factors and reported needs following Hurricane *** least squares regression models were used to identify predictor variables for valid registrations that reported needs pertaining to emergencies,food,and *** consisted of zip codes in North Carolina and South Carolina that received individual assistance for Hurricane Florence(N=406).The results suggest that when controlling for event-specific factors and flood mitigation factors,the proportions of the population that is female,the population over 65,the population aged5 and under,the population older than 5 years not speaking English,and the minority population were all predictors of the per capita reported emergency *** controlling for the same variables,the proportions of the population over the age of 25 with a Bachelor’s degree,the female population,the population aged 5 and under,the population above 5 years old that does not speak English,and the minority population were all predictors of the per capita reported food *** the same variables controlled for,three variables—the proportions of the population over65,the population aged 5 and under,and the non-Englishspeaking population above 5 years of age—were all predictors of the per capita reported shelter *** results suggest that more attention should be given to these vulnerable populations in the pre-disaster planning process.

关键词： FEMA Hurricane Florence Social vulnerability Post-disaster needs

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The Direction of Slant and Horizontal Stroke as Potential Suggestive Markers for the Determination of Handedness

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2024年第3期10卷 165-170页

作者： Pawan Gupta Anu Singla Baljeet Yadav Vartika Khare Dr.APJ Abdul Kalam Institute of Forensic Science and criminology Bundelkhand UniversityJhansiUttar PradeshIndia department of Forensic Science Medi-Cap UniversityIndoreMadhya PradeshIndia

Background:The task of document examiners is very challenging,as they need to gather all the relevant facts to make an informed decision regarding the questioned *** the present study,a total of 300 handwriting samples from 100 different writers(involving 50 right-handed and 50 left-handed)were collected at Bundelkhand University,*** and stroke,as characteristic features of handwriting,were visually examined under a stereomicroscope to ascertain the ***:Slants and Strokes as characteristic features were analyzed in a total of 300 handwriting samples collected from 50 left-handed and 50 right-handed writers of age 17–22 years.A reference text comprising three pangram sentences printed on A4 paper and a blue ball point pen was used for ***:The data collected during the study were analyzed using a statistical method(Chi-square test)and revealed that the left-handed writers(LHWs)had a significantly(P<0.05)different writing style than the right-handed *** indicated that LHWs are more likely to make strokes in the right-to-left direction and slant of letters in the backward direction,while right-handed writers make strokes in the left-to-right direction and slant of letters in the forward ***:The findings of the study showed valuable insight and highlighted the significance of the direction of slant and horizontal stroke as potential indicators for the determination of handedness.

关键词： Forensic science handedness handwriting stroke questioned document slant

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Mitophagy in intracerebral hemorrhage:a new target for therapeutic intervention

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 316-323页

作者： Yiyang Chen Wenxuan Tang Xinqi Huang Yumei An Jiawen Li Shengye Yuan Haiyan Shan Mingyang Zhang Institute of Forensic Sciences Suzhou Medical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Shanghai Key Lab of Forensic Medicine Key Lab of Forensic ScienceMinistry of Justice(Academy of Forensic Science)ShanghaiChina department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina

Intracerebral hemorrhage is a life-threatening condition with a high fatality rate and severe ***,there is currently no treatment available for intracerebral hemorrhage,unlike for other stroke *** studies have indicated that mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy likely relate to the pathophysiology of intracerebral ***,or selective autophagy of mitochondria,is an essential pathway to preserve mitochondrial homeostasis by clearing up damaged *** markedly contributes to the reduction of secondary brain injury caused by mitochondrial dysfunction after intracerebral *** review provides an overview of the mitochondrial dysfunction that occurs after intracerebral hemorrhage and the underlying mechanisms regarding how mitophagy regulates it,and discusses the new direction of therapeutic strategies targeting mitophagy for intracerebral hemorrhage,aiming to determine the close connection between mitophagy and intracerebral hemorrhage and identify new therapies to modulate mitophagy after intracerebral *** conclusion,although only a small number of drugs modulating mitophagy in intracerebral hemorrhage have been found thus far,most of which are in the preclinical stage and require further investigation,mitophagy is still a very valid and promising therapeutic target for intracerebral hemorrhage in the long run.

关键词： intracerebral hemorrhage mitochondrial dysfunction mitophagy neuroinflammation neuroprotection reactive oxygen species secondary brain injury therapeutic target

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The role of snapin in regulation of brain homeostasis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1696-1701页

作者： Jiawen Li Xinqi Huang Yumei An Xueshi Chen Yiyang Chen Mingyuan Xu Haiyan Shan Mingyang Zhang Shanghai Key Lab of Forensic Medicine Key Lab of Forensic ScienceMinistry of JusticeChina(Academy of Forensic Science)ShanghaiChina Institute of Forensic Sciences Suzhou Medical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina

Brain homeostasis refe rs to the normal working state of the brain in a certain period,which is impo rtant for overall health and normal life ***,there is a lack of effective treatment methods for the adverse consequences caused by brain homeostasis *** is a protein that assists in the formation of neuronal synapses and plays a crucial role in the normal growth and development of ***,many researchers have reported the association between snapin and neurologic and psychiatric disorders,demonstrating that snapin can improve brain *** manifestations of brain disease often involve imbalances in brain homeostasis and may lead to neurological and behavioral *** article aims to explo re the role of snapin in restoring brain homeostasis after injury or diseases,highlighting its significance in maintaining brain homeostasis and treating brain ***,it comprehensively discusses the implications of snapin in other extracerebral diseases such as diabetes and viral infections,with the objective of determining the clinical potential of snapin in maintaining brain homeostasis.

关键词： brain homeostasis diabetes neurological diseases snapin traumatic brain injury vesicle fusion

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Forensic imaging:a powerful tool in modern forensic investigation

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第3期7卷 385-392页

作者： Min Zhang Faculty of Forensic Investigation department of criminal justice Coppin State UniversityBaltimoreMDUS

Forensic imaging is a non-invasive examination process during the forensic *** is mainly used in forensic pathology as an adjunct to the traditional *** the past two decades,forensic imaging has been vigorously developed by forensic experts from computed tomography(CT)to multiple augmented techniques through CT and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).The application field of forensic imaging has also been broadened as its advantages are recognised by more forensic *** addition to the forensic pathology,this technique has been used in other forensic disciplines,including forensic anthropology,forensic odontology,forensic ballistics and wildlife forensics,*** article reviews the development of forensic imaging as the practice and research development in different forensic disciplines based on the relevant literature analysis.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic imaging forensic investigation computed tomography(CT) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) angiography review

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Specific Issues of criminal Protection in the Field of Genetics:International and Spanish Experience

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2023年第4期9卷 289-293页

作者： Viktor Anatolievich Shestak Alyona Dmitrievna Tsyplakova department of criminal Procedure Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian FederationMoscowRussian FederationRussia2Department of Criminal LawCriminal Procedure and CriminologyMGIMO UniversityMoscowRussia

Background:Methods for combining cloning techniques with genetic engineering techniques(gene manipulation)are currently being developed in order to enhance predetermined biological or mental *** of conducting research on human embryos is justified by the fact that it will help to improve the human species and free it from serious ***,two competing rights stand in the way of legality of this *** the one hand,the right of a human embryo to development and *** the other hand,the right of mankind to use all scientific means to fight more effectively against diseases and to receive organs and tissues for transplantation to improve the quality of *** researchers believe that human life,if regarded as a moral value,cannot be *** and Objectives:This paper examines the relevant legislation on both international and national levels and the Spanish doctrine in terms of defining acts against genetics and evaluating effectiveness to criminalize them in order to ensure the balance between medical ethics and community best *** and Methods:This study is a description paper on gene-manipulation regulation in Spain,the EU and *** is based primarily on genetic,systematic-functional and systematization methods with regard to special legal *** and Conclusion:There is a wide of international,supranational and national acts that governs gene manipulation and secures society from illegal ***,there are vague issues to revise either by enacting amendments or referencing to *** perfect way to ensure community interests is to elaborate both.

关键词： Biotechnology cloning crime criminal law protection stem cells

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Leveraging Learning to Improve Disaster Management Outcomes

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2012年第4期3卷 195-206页

作者： Denise D.P.Thompson department of Public Management John Jay College of Criminal JusticeCity University of New YorkNY 10019U.S.A.

Disaster management agencies should be exemplars of learning given the volatility of their operating environment. However, there are cognitive, social, and organizational barriers that prevent these organizations from learning. The purpose of this article is to use the Caribbean Disaster and Emergency Management Agency(CDEMA) as an example of an organization that achieves double-loop learning in spite of known barriers. This research shows significant learning variations in the CDEMA organization from the regional to the national level. The results demonstrate that the CDEMA Coordinating Unit and a few national member agencies achieve double-loop learning, while the opposite is true for many national disaster offices. Analysis of this variation is one contribution to the disaster management and organizational learning literature. The article also suggests that organizational culture is an important precursor to learning and adds a much needed case example to the management and learning literature. The study ends with a proposal for future research in the area of disaster management, culture and learning, and propositions for national disaster offices to consider in order to enhance double-loop learning.

关键词： disaster culture aging

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Wastewater analysis for nicotine,cocaine,amphetamines,opioids and cannabis in New York City

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Forensic Sciences Research 2019年第2期4卷 152-167页

作者： Nicole Centazzo Bonnie-Marie Frederick Alethea Jacox Shu-Yuan Cheng Marta Concheiro-Guisan department of Sciences John Jay College of Criminal JusticeCity University of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA

According to current surveys and overdoses data,there is a drug crisis in the ***-based epidemiology(WBE)is an evolving discipline that analyses wastewater samples to detect drugs and metabolites to estimate drug consumption in a certain *** study demonstrates how drug relative presence could be tracked by testing wastewater,providing real-time results,in different boroughs in New York City throughout 1 *** developed and fully validated two analytical methods,one for 21 drugs and metabolites,including nicotine,cocaine,amphetamines,opioids and cannabis markers;and another for the normalization factor *** methods were performed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)using positive electrospray ionization,achieving a limit of quantification of 5–10 ng/L for drugs and metabolites,and 0.01 mg/L for *** methods were applied to 48 one-time grab wastewater samples collected from six wastewater treatment plants in New York City(Manhattan,The Bronx,Queens and Brooklyn),eight different times throughout 2016,before and after major holidays,including Memorial Day,4th of July,Labour Day and New Year’*** this study,the drug group normalized concentrations present in the wastewater samples,in decreasing order,were cocaine,nicotine,opioids,cannabis and *** looking at individual compounds,the one with the highest normalized concentration was benzoylecgonine(BE),followed by cotinine,morphine and 11-nor-9-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol(THCCOOH).To estimate community use,these concentrations were multiplied by the corresponding correction factor,and the most present were THCCOOH,followed by BE,cotinine and *** comparing the treatment plants by drug group(nicotine,cocaine,amphetamines,opioids and cannabis),samples collected from The Bronx had the highest normalized concentrations for nicotine,cocaine and opioids;The Bronx and Manhattan for cannabis;and Manhattan and Queens for *** mo

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic toxicology wastewaterbased epidemiology(WBE) nicotine cocaine amphetamines opioids cannabis LC-MS/MS

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