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Problem identification and revitalization strategies for the recovery and reconstruction of traditional villages in the Ms 6.8 Luding Earthquake

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 361-379页

作者： HUANG Chao QIU Jian LIU Chun JIANG Rui ZHAO Chuanrong ZHANG Yi School of Architecture and Research Center of Space Planning and Engineering design Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China Sichuan Provincial Rural construction and Development Center Chengdu 610041China Sichuan Institute of Urban and Rural construction Chengdu 610043China China Association for Promoting Democracy(CAPD)Sichuan Provincial Committee Chengdu 610016China Sichuan Provincial Architectural design and Research Institute(SADI) Chengdu 610095China

Post-disaster reconstruction is a topic of global concern,and traditional villages have special heritage attributes and need to face more requirements and obstacles in post-disaster *** paper summarizes four concepts based on the research on post-disaster reconstruction both domestically and internationally,as well as the recovery and reconstruction of cultural *** a field survey of traditional villages in the Ms 6.8 Luding earthquake-stricken area,it is found that there are problems such as insufficient awareness of heritage value,misalignment of scientific reconstruction technology,and insufficient protection of reconstruction elements during the reconstruction *** villages face the risk of declining or even loss of heritage *** order to effectively protect traditional villages and inherit the carrier of regional culture,four targeted reconstruction response strategies are proposed,i.e.,to"establish special planning for traditional village preservation","emphasize recovery of the authenticity of village heritage","ensure elements for village heritage recovery"and"promote the activation and utilization of village heritage",based on the problems discovered during the survey and the four concepts summarized in the research on post-disaster reconstruction of traditional *** research results hope to provide useful reference for ancient cultural areas affected by earthquakes on how to protect cultural heritage during the post-disaster reconstruction process.

关键词： Seismic hazard Decision making Traditional village Cultural heritage protection Post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction Revitalization strategy

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The Value of Rural Access Roads: The Case Study of Chepyuk and Mitira Wards in Bungoma and Kirinyaga Counties

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第8期14卷 2249-2266页

作者： Alfred Eshitera Lawrence Esho Casty Gataaka Njoroge Yvone Balan department of spatial Planning and design Technical University of Kenya Nairobi Kenya DigiReg Nairobi Kenya

In this paper we assess the impact of road network on rural regions development using a case study of Chepyuk and Mitira wards. The two case study areas were selected owing to their comparable agro ecological conditions but different political orientation. The wards have identical agro economic activities due to their similarity in climatic and ecological conditions. Household incomes earned from agricultural enterprises and bid rent per unit area of land are used as indicators of development. The condition of road network is used as an indicator of accessing the rural regions in various seasons of the year. The study provides evidence of the economic advantages associated with better market access, primarily due to the good road infrastructure in Mitira compared to Chepyuk. The good road condition is advantageous to Mitira ward residents allowing them to access other markets hence improving the farm gate value of their products. On the other hand, the prices for Chepyuk products are cheap due to constrained market access necessitated by the poor road condition. For instance, the average price of a liter of milk in Chepyuk ward is Kshs.36.65 compared to Mitira where it goes at Kh.55.08. It therefore implies in Chepyuk milk has to be sold at lower price since access to alternative markets is constrained by poor road condition. The disparity in the road network quality has been occasioned by investment policy by both colonial and consecutive post-independence governments which have given preference to the region where Mitira region is located. This is against the constitutional requirement which proposes an equalization fund for infrastructure development to regions lagging behind in terms of development.

关键词： Rural Areas Regional Development Road Network Kenya

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Environmental Impact Assessment of Onshore Wind Farms in the Region of Central Greece Using a Modified RIAM Method

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Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 2024年第1期6卷 71-82页

作者： Olga Korozi Dimitra G.Vagiona department of spatial Planning and Development Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece

Wind energy is one of the most basic forms of renewable energy,which shows an increasing rate of development worldwide and also at the European ***,this rapid deployment of wind farms makes the need for an impact assessment of this type of projects on the natural and man-made environment *** present paper aims to identify and assess the environmental impacts of wind farm projects in the Region of Central Greece.A modified Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix(RIAM)method is used for this *** methodology includes the identification of the existing onshore wind farm projects in the study area,the appropriate modifications of the RIAM method to respond to the characteristics of the projects and the study area,the qualitative assessment of their potential impacts during construction and operational phases and the computation of the Environmental Performance Grade(EPG)of projects based on the pro-posed modified RIAM *** results reveal that although there are some slight negative impacts on the natural environment of the study area,the examined wind farms contribute positively both to the atmosphere and to the socio-economic environment of the *** study extends the potential for using RIAM as a tool in environmental impact assessment studies of renewable energy projects.

关键词： Environmental impact assessment Environmental components Region of central Greece Rapid impact assessment matrix(RIAM) Environmental performance grade(EPG)

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Topographic seismic effects and avalanche hazard:A case study of Mount Siella(L’Aquila,Central Italy)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 662-675页

作者： Ferdinando TOTANI department of Civil construction-Architecture and Environmental Engineering University of L’AquilaL'Aquila 67100Italy

In mountainous areas,snow avalanches could be triggered by the shaking produced by *** forces induced by the earthquake can cause an irregular increase of shear strength load down the slope,for the presence of complex surface and buried *** irregularities generate maximum effects of waves amplification linked to wavelengths comparable to the horizontal dimension of the topographic *** this reason,the selected time-histories represent an appropriate input for the two-dimensional numerical response analyses when a dynamic phenomenon produce the resonant motion of a whole *** represents an important earthquake-induced hazard in snow-covered mountain areas with high probability of seismic *** valleys are located in regions with scare ground motion data and investments on infrastructures are not always accompanied by adequate protection against earthquake-induced *** paper points out a simple deterministic approach for selecting a set of real accelerograms applied to a real case of Siella Mountain(Central Italy)where a large avalanche destroying a tourist facility of Rigopiano resort on 18 January *** selected time histories were used as input for the two-dimensional numerical model of the subsoil to evaluate the topographic seismic amplification in ridge and compare it with the results of other *** methods suggest that morphology-related inertial effects should be considered as an overload action on snow layers when controlling multi-hazard studies and spatial planning.

关键词： Real accelerograms selection Deterministic approach Topographic amplification Avalanche induced by earthquake 2D seismic response.

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Stimulated Raman scattering tomography for rapid three-dimensional chemical imaging of cells and tissue

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 20-31页

作者： Weiqi Wang Zhiwei Huang National University of Singapore College of Design and EngineeringOptical Bioimaging LaboratoryDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringSingapore

Three-dimensional(3D)imaging is essential for understanding intricate biological and biomedical systems,yet live cell and tissue imaging applications still face challenges due to constrained imaging speed and strong scattering in turbid ***,we present a unique phase-modulated stimulated Raman scattering tomography(PM-SRST)technique to achieve rapid label-free 3D chemical imaging in cells and *** accomplish PM-SRST,we utilize a spatial light modulator to electronically manipulate the focused Stokes beam along the needle Bessel pump beam for SRS tomography without the need for mechanical z *** demonstrate the rapid 3D imaging capability of PM-SRST by real-time monitoring of 3D Brownian motion of polystyrene beads in water with 8.5 Hz volume rate,as well as the instant biochemical responses to acetic acid stimulants in MCF-7 ***,combining the Bessel pump beam with a longer wavelength Stokes beam(NIR-II window)provides a superior scattering resilient ability in PM-SRST,enabling rapid tomography in deeper tissue *** PM-SRST technique providestwofold enhancement in imaging depth in highly scattering media(e.g.,polymer beads phantom and biotissue like porcine skin and brain tissue)compared with conventional point-scan *** also demonstrate the rapid 3D imaging ability of PM-SRST by observing the dynamic diffusion and uptake processes of deuterium oxide molecules into plant *** rapid PM-SRST developed can be used to facilitate label-free 3D chemical imaging of metabolic activities and functional dynamic processes of drug delivery and therapeutics in live cells and tissue.

关键词： stimulated Raman scattering tomography deep tissue Raman imaging spatial light modulation

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Digital twin-enabled smart facility management: A bibliometric review

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2024年第1期11卷 32-49页

作者： Obaidullah HAKIMI Hexu LIU Osama ABUDAYYEH department of Civil and construction Engineering Western Michigan UniversityKalamazooMI 49008-5316USA

In recent years,the architecture,engineering,construction,and facility management(FM)industries have been applying various emerging digital technologies to facilitate the design,construction,and management of infrastructure *** twin(DT)has emerged as a solution for enabling real-time data acquisition,transfer,analysis,and utilization for improved decision-making toward smart *** research on DT for FM has been undertaken in the past *** paper presents a bibliometric analysis of the literature on DT for FM.A total of 248 research articles are obtained from the Scopus and Web of Science *** is then utilized to conduct bibliometric analysis and visualize keyword co-occurrence,citation,and co-authorship networks;furthermore,the research topics,authors,sources,and countries contributing to the use of DT for FM are *** findings show that the current research of DT in FM focuses on building information modeling-based FM,artificial intelligence(AI)-based predictive maintenance,real-time cyber–physical system data integration,and facility lifecycle asset *** areas,such as AI-based real-time asset prognostics and health management,virtual-based intelligent infrastructure monitoring,deep learning-aided continuous improvement of the FM systems,semantically rich data interoperability throughout the facility lifecycle,and autonomous control feedback,need to be further *** review contributes to the body of knowledge on digital transformation and smart FM by identifying the landscape,state-of-the-art research trends,and future needs with regard to DT in FM.

关键词： digital twin building information modeling facility management semantic interoperability artificial intelligence intelligent monitoring autonomous control feedback

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Time-of-flight resolved stimulated Raman scattering microscopy using counter-propagating ultraslow Bessel light bullets generation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1427-1440页

作者： Shulang Lin Li Gong Zhiwei Huang Optical Bioimaging Laboratory Department of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore

We present a novel time-of-flight resolved Bessel light bullet-enabled stimulated Raman scattering(B2-SRS)microscopy for deeper tissue 3D chemical imaging with high resolution without a need for mechanical *** accomplish the tasks,we conceive a unique method to enable optical sectioning by generating the counterpropagating pump and Stokes Bessel light bullets in the sample,in which the group velocities of the Bessel light bullets are made ultraslow(e.g.,vg≈0.1c)and tunable by introducing programmable angular dispersions with a spatial light *** theoretically analyze the working principle of the collinear multicolor Bessel light bullet generations and velocity controls with the relative time-of-flight resolved detection for SRS 3D deep tissue *** have also built the B2-SRS imaging system and present the first demonstration of B2-SRS microscopy with Bessel light bullets for 3D chemical imaging in a variety of samples(e.g.,polymer bead phantoms,biological samples such as spring onion tissue and porcine brain)with high *** B2-SRS technique provides a>2-fold improvement in imaging depth in porcine brain tissue compared to conventional SRS *** method of optical sectioning in tissue using counter-propagating ultraslow Bessel light bullets developed in B2-SRS is generic and easy to perform and can be readily extended to other nonlinear optical imaging modalities to advance 3D microscopic imaging in biological and biomedical systems and beyond.

关键词： Bessel resolved propagating

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From“prototype”to“model”:Architectural and spatial development of Block A(1924—1945)of Istanbul’s Heybeliada Sanatorium

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第1期13卷 1-20页

作者： Deniz Avci-Hosanli Cansu Degirmencioglu department of Interior Architecture and Environmental design Izmir University of EconomicsIzmir 35330Turkey TUM School of Engineering and design Department of ArchitectureTechnical University of MunichMunich 80333Germany

This article examines Block A,the first block-style building in Heybeliada Sanatorium in *** purpose of this research is to understand its architectural and spatial development and discuss how in fact it was a“prototype”of Turkish *** with a three-step methodology(documentation/evaluation/results)this research conducts architectural and spatial analysis on Block *** sources like architectural documentation and restitution drawings,the writings of the institution’s head doctor Tevfik Ismail Gökçe,periodicals on tuberculosis(TB),as well as pertinent literature are *** findings demonstrate that Block A’s development(1924—1945)was the result of knowledge transfer that introduced the universal sanatorium design principles,spatial experiments,adaptation to sociocultural norms,and trial-and-error *** only it had a major impact on shaping of the second block-type building in the complex,the“model”Block B,but it also became exemplary of the subsequent Turkish *** originality of this article is its exploration of the changing and evolving Block A in its resonation with the cultural tensions of Turkey’s modernization *** was established via the assessment of budgetary issues,medical developments and climatic experiments,the social issue of scarcity of TB beds in the country,spatial practices to separate the sexes as reflections of local traditions and culture in the shaping of spaces.

关键词： Sanatorium architecture Tuberculosis History of healthcare Early republican Turkey Istanbul

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Exploring the combination of biochar‐amended soil and automated irrigation technology for water regulation and preservation in green infrastructure

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第1期3卷 39-52页

作者： Honghu Zhu Yuanxu Huang Haihong Song Jian Chen Songlei Han Tanwee Mazumder Ankit Garg School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina department of Civil and Smart Engineering construction Guangdong Engineering Center for Structure Safety and Health MonitoringShantou UniversityShantouChina Shanghai Municipal Engineering design Co. LtdShanghaiChina Indian Institute of Technology Madras ChennaiIndia

Biochar is a carbon sink material with the potential to improve water retention in various ***,for the long‐term maintenance of green infrastructure,there is an additional need to regulate the water contents in the covers to maintain vegetation growth in semiarid *** this study,biochar‐amended soil was combined with subsurface drip irrigation,and the water preservation characteristics of this treatment were investigated through a series of one‐dimensional soil column *** ascertain the best treatment method specific to semiarid climatic conditions,the test soil was amended with 0%,1%,3%,and 5%*** irrigation devices equipped with soil moisture sensors were used to control the subsurface water content with the aim of enhancing vegetation *** soil column test lasted 150 h,during which the volumetric water contents and soil suction data were *** experimental results reveal that the soil specimen amended with 3%biochar is the most water‐saving regardless of the time *** with a higher biochar content(e.g.,5%)consumes a more significant amount of water due to the enhancement of the water‐holding *** on the experimental results,it can be concluded that the appropriate ratio can be determined within 1%–3%,which can reduce not only the amount of irrigated/used water but also the time *** technology can be explored for water content regulation in green infrastructure and the development of barriers for protecting the environment around deep underground waste containment.

关键词： biochar drip irrigation underground water preservation water regulation

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Phase-modulated multi-foci microscopy for rapid 3D imaging

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1548-1555页

作者： WEIQI WANG LI GONG ZHIWEI HUANG Optical Bioimaging Laboratory Department of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore

3D imaging technology is pivotal in monitoring the functional dynamics and morphological alterations in living cells and ***,conventional volumetric imaging associated with mechanical z-scanning encounters challenges in limited 3D imaging speed with inertial ***,we present a unique phase-modulated multifoci microscopy (PM^(3)) technique to achieve snapshot 3D imaging with the advantages of extended imaging depths and adjustable imaging intervals between each focus in a rapid *** accomplish the tasks,we utilize a spatial light modulator (SLM) to encode the phases of the scattered or fluorescence light emanating from a volumetric sample and then project the multiple-depth images of the sample onto a single charge-coupled device camera for rapid 3D *** demonstrate that the PM^(3)technique provides~55-fold improvement in imaging depth in polystyrene beads phantom compared to the depth of field of the objective lens ***^(3)also enables the real-time monitoring of Brownian motion of fluorescent beads in water at a 15 Hz volume *** precisely manipulating the phase of scattered light on the SLM,PM^(3)can pinpoint the specific depth information in living zebrafish and rapidly observe the 3D dynamic processes of blood flow in the zebrafish *** work shows that the PM^(3)technique developed is robust and versatile for fast 3D dynamic imaging in biological and biomedical systems.

关键词： alterations scattered beads

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