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Evaluation of Pencil Lead Based Electrodes for Electrocardiogram Monitoring in Hot Spring

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computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1411-1425页

作者： Ratha Yeu Namhui Ra Seong-A Lee Yunyoung Nam department of ICT convergence Rehabilitation engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea department of ICT convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea department of Occupational Therapy Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea department of computer Science and engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea

Electrocardiogram(ECG)electrodes are conductive pads applied to the skin to measure cardiac ***/AgCl electrodes are the commercial product which widely used to obtain *** monitoring the ECG in a hot spring,Ag/AgCl electrodes must be waterproofed;however,this is time-consuming,and the adhesive may tear the skin on *** solving the problem,we developed the carbon pencil lead(CPL)electrodes for use in hot *** CPL and Ag/AgCl electrodes were connected to ECG100C’s *** Performance was evaluated in three conditions as following:hot spring water with and without bubble,and in cold *** each environment,the procedure was followed by three different protocols that are recording from the dry condition,hot spring water immersion with and without movement,post hot spring water *** dry and wet conditions,both electrodes can obtain the waveform of the ECG signal in which all PQRST waves were ***,the signal quality of both types of electrodes was different in water immersion with and without *** overall morphology obtained by Ag/AgCl electrodes was unstable higher than that of CPL electrodes in immersion without movement *** CPL electrodes provided better ECG waveform quality compared to Ag/AgCl electrodes in which the ECG signal had high waveforms distortion in water immersion with movement condition.

关键词： Carbon pencil lea ECG electrodes ECG monitoring hot spring water cold water hot spring water bubble

Explainable Anomaly Detection Using Vision Transformer Based SVDD

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6573-6586页

作者： Ji-Won Baek Kyungyong Chung department of computer Science Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si 16227Korea Division of ai computer Science and engineering Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si 16227Korea

Explainable ai extracts a variety of patterns of data in the learning process and draws hidden information through the discovery of semantic *** is possible to offer the explainable basis of decision-making for inference *** the causality of risk factors that have an ambiguous association in big medical data,it is possible to increase transparency and reliability of explainable decision-making that helps to diagnose disease *** addition,the technique makes it possible to accurately predict disease risk for anomaly *** transformer for anomaly detection from image data makes classification through ***,in MLP,a vector value depends on patch sequence information,and thus a weight *** should solve the problem that there is a difference in the result value according to the change in the *** addition,since the deep learning model is a black box model,there is a problem that it is difficult to interpret the results determined by the ***,there is a need for an explainablemethod for the part where the disease *** solve the problem,this study proposes explainable anomaly detection using vision transformerbasedDeep Support Vector Data Description(SVDD).The proposed method applies the SVDD to solve the problem of MLP in which a result value is different depending on a weight change that is influenced by patch sequence information used in the vision *** order to draw the explainability of model results,it visualizes normal parts through *** health data,both medical staff and patients are able to identify abnormal parts *** addition,it is possible to improve the reliability of models and medical *** performance evaluation normal/abnormal classification accuracy and f-measure are evaluated,according to whether to apply *** Results The results of classification by applying the proposed SVDD are evaluated ***,through the proposed meth

关键词： Explainable ai anomaly detection vision transformer SVDD health care deep learning classification

Artifacts Reduction Using Multi-Scale Feature Attention Network in Compressed Medical Images

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 3267-3279页

作者： Seonjae Kim Dongsan Jun department of convergence IT engineering Kyungnam UniversityChangwon51767Korea

Medical image compression is one of the essential technologies to facilitate real-time medical data transmission in remote healthcare *** general,image compression can introduce undesired coding artifacts,such as blocking artifacts and ringing *** this paper,we proposed a Multi-Scale Feature Attention Network(MSFAN)with two essential parts,which are multi-scale feature extraction layers and feature attention layers to efficiently remove coding artifacts of compressed medical *** feature extraction layers have four Feature Extraction(FE)*** FE block consists of five convolution layers and one CA block for weighted skip *** order to optimize the proposed network architectures,a variety of verification tests were conducted using validation *** used computer Vision Center-Clinic Database(CVC-ClinicDB)consisting of 612 colonoscopy medical images to evaluate the enhancement of image *** proposedMSFAN can achieve improved PSNR gains as high as 0.25 and 0.24 dB on average compared to DnCNNand DCSC,respectively.

关键词： Medical image processing convolutional neural network deep learning telemedicine artifact reduction image restoration

Systematic Security Guideline Framework through Intelligently Automated Vulnerability Analysis

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3867-3889页

作者： Dahyeon Kim Namgi Kim Junho Ahn computer Information Technology Korea National University of TransportationChungju27469Korea department of ai computer Science and engineering Kyonggi UniversitySuwon16227Korea

This research aims to propose a practical framework designed for the automatic analysis of a product’s comprehensive functionality and security vulnerabilities,generating applicable guidelines based on real-world *** existing analysis of software security vulnerabilities often focuses on specific features or *** partial and arbitrary analysis of the security vulnerabilities makes it challenging to comprehend the overall security vulnerabilities of the *** key novelty lies in overcoming the constraints of partial *** proposed framework utilizes data from various sources to create a comprehensive functionality profile,facilitating the derivation of real-world security *** guidelines are dynamically generated by associating functional security vulnerabilities with the latest Common Vulnerabilities and Exposure(CVE)and Common Vulnerability Scoring System(CVSS)scores,resulting in automated guidelines tailored to each *** guidelines are not only practical but also applicable in real-world software,allowing for prioritized security *** proposed framework is applied to virtual private network(VPN)software,wherein a validated Level 2 data flow diagram is generated using the Spoofing,Tampering,Repudiation,Information Disclosure,Denial of Service,and Elevation of privilege(STRIDE)technique with references to various papers and examples from related *** analysis resulted in the identification of a total of 121 *** successful implementation and validation demonstrate the framework’s efficacy in generating customized guidelines for entire systems,subsystems,and selected modules.

关键词： Framework automation vulnerability analysis security guidelines

Surface-engineered binder-free PEDOT shielded nickel magnesium selenide nanosheet arrays electrode for ultralong-life flexible quasi-solid-state hybrid supercapacitors

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第5期11卷 1802-1814页

作者： Edugulla Girija Shankar Amit Kumar Das Jae Su Yu department of Electronics and Information convergence engineering Institute for Wearable Convergence ElectronicsKyung Hee UniversityGyeonggi-do 17104Republic of Korea

Together with the development of high-performance advanced electronics,flexible supercapacitors(SCs)with tailored nanostructures have great *** deposited nanosheet arrays of nickel magnesium selenide(NixMg3-xSe4,NMgS)with high capacitance provide high potentials as a positive electrode in flexible *** further enhance their electrochemical properties and long-term cycling stability,a promising strategy of surface engineering with conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT)is *** present work proposes the construction of PEDOT shielded NMgS(P@NMgS-2)on a flexible carbon cloth substrate via a hierarchical electrodeposition *** from the synergistic effect,the P@NMgS-2 exhibits an excellent areal capacitance value of 1440 mF cm^(-2)at 4 mA cm^(-2).A novel shape-adaptable polymer gel electrolyte-assisted flexible quasi-solid-state hybrid SC(FQHSC)device constructed with P@NMgS-2 as a positive electrode and activated carbon as a negative electrode demonstrates the maximum power and energy density values of 14.13 mW cm^(-2)and 0.18 mWh cm^(-2),respectively,followed by outstanding cycling stability(∼100%capacitance retention over 50,000 cycles).Furthermore,the FQHSC device successfully powered electronic devices with no serious degradation upon bending and twisting for wearable electronic applications.

关键词： Hierarchical electrodeposition P@NMgS-2 hybrid Synergistic effect Shape-adaptable electrolyte Flexible quasi-solid-state supercapacitors

Early identification of stroke through deep learning with multi-modal human speech and movement data

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 234-241页

作者： Zijun Ou Haitao Wang Bin Zhang Haobang Liang Bei Hu Longlong Ren Yanjuan Liu Yuhu Zhang Chengbo Dai Hejun Wu Weifeng Li Xin Li School of computer Science and engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina department of Neurology Guangdong Neuroscience InstituteGuangdong Provincial People’s Hospital(Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina department of Emergency Medicine Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital(Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Early identification and treatment of stroke can greatly improve patient outcomes and quality of *** clinical tests such as the Cincinnati Pre-hospital Stroke Scale(CPSS)and the Face Arm Speech Test(FAST)are commonly used for stroke screening,accurate administration is dependent on specialized *** this study,we proposed a novel multimodal deep learning approach,based on the FAST,for assessing suspected stroke patients exhibiting symptoms such as limb weakness,facial paresis,and speech disorders in acute *** collected a dataset comprising videos and audio recordings of emergency room patients performing designated limb movements,facial expressions,and speech tests based on the *** compared the constructed deep learning model,which was designed to process multi-modal datasets,with six prior models that achieved good action classification performance,including the I3D,SlowFast,X3D,TPN,TimeSformer,and *** found that the findings of our deep learning model had a higher clinical value compared with the other ***,the multi-modal model outperformed its single-module variants,highlighting the benefit of utilizing multiple types of patient data,such as action videos and speech *** results indicate that a multi-modal deep learning model combined with the FAST could greatly improve the accuracy and sensitivity of early stroke identification of stroke,thus providing a practical and powerful tool for assessing stroke patients in an emergency clinical setting.

关键词： artificial intelligence deep learning diagnosis early detection FAST screening stroke

Utilizing engineered extracellular vesicles as delivery vectors in the management of ischemic stroke:a special outlook on mitochondrial delivery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2181-2198页

作者： Jiali Chen Yiyang Li Xingping Quan Jinfen Chen Yan Han Li Yang Manfei Zhou Greta Seng Peng Mok Ruibing Wang Yonghua Zhao Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacao Special Administrative RegionChina department of Pharmacy Hunan Provincial People’s Hospitalthe First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina department of Electrical and computer engineering University of MacaoTaipaMacao Special Administrative RegionChina department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacao Special Administrative RegionChina

Ischemic stroke is a secondary cause of mortality worldwide,imposing considerable medical and economic burdens on *** vesicles,serving as natural nanocarriers for drug delivery,exhibit excellent biocompatibility in vivo and have significant advantages in the management of ischemic ***,the uncertain distribution and rapid clearance of extracellular vesicles impede their delivery *** utilizing membrane decoration or by encapsulating therapeutic cargo within extracellular vesicles,their delivery efficacy may be greatly ***,previous studies have indicated that microvesicles,a subset of large-sized extracellular vesicles,can transport mitochondria to neighboring cells,thereby aiding in the restoration of mitochondrial function post-ischemic *** extracellular vesicles have also demonstrated the capability to transfer mitochondrial components,such as proteins or deoxyribonucleic acid,or their sub-components,for extracellular vesicle-based ischemic stroke *** this review,we undertake a comparative analysis of the isolation techniques employed for extracellular vesicles and present an overview of the current dominant extracellular vesicle modification *** the complex facets of treating ischemic stroke,we also delineate various extracellular vesicle modification approaches which are suited to different facets of the treatment ***,given the burgeoning interest in mitochondrial delivery,we delved into the feasibility and existing research findings on the transportation of mitochondrial fractions or intact mitochondria through small extracellular vesicles and microvesicles to offer a fresh perspective on ischemic stroke therapy.

关键词： delivery engineering extracellular vesicles identification ischemic stroke isolation mitochondria targeting strategy therapeutic effects

Entire onion source-derived redox porous carbon electrodes towards efficient quasi-solid-state solar charged hybrid supercapacitor

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第30期125卷 118-127页

Biomass-derived electrodes inherently containing redox-active species have gained extensive attention recently due to their availability,eco-friendliness,sustainability,and low *** report novel binder-free faradic surface redox onion-derived carbon positive electrode with nano regime particles by hydrothermal synthesis and Na^(+)and Cl^(−)ions diffused porous carbon negative electrode via a carbonization ***-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of oxidized sulfur and(N-6)pyridinic N-based redox groups inherently present in the as-prepared *** electrochemical analysis of the positive electrode revealed its faradic redox type of energy storage mechanism with an excellent specific capacitance of 1805 Fg^(-1) at the current density of 3 Ag^(-1) as well as appreciable long-term cycling stability(76.8%retention after 10000 charge-discharge cycles).Meanwhile,the negative electrode exhibited a maximum specific capacitance of 373 Fg^(-1) at 1 Ag^(-1) with outstanding long-term cycling stability(100.7%retention after 10000 cycles).The fabricated polyvinyl alcohol-potassium hydroxide gel electrolyte-based quasi-solid-state hybrid supercapacitor(QHSC)delivered excellent energy density and power density of 19.94 Wh kg^(-1) and 374.99 W kg^(-1),respectively with an ultralong cyclic life(102.3% retention)over 10000 ***,the QHSC was connected to a solar panel to store renewable *** charged QHSC effectively powered a speedometer,enlightening its potential application in advanced sustainable energy storage systems.

关键词： Binder-free Biomass Green source Hybrid supercapacitor Solar energy storage Faradic redox type

Environmental Sound Event Detection in Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks for Home Telemonitoring

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China Communications 2017年第9期14卷 1-10页

作者： Hyoung-Gook Kim Jin Young Kim The Dept. of Electronics convergence engineering Kwangwoon University The Dept. of Electronics and computer engineering Chonnam National University

In this paper, we present an approach to improve the accuracy of environmental sound event detection in a wireless acoustic sensor network for home monitoring. Wireless acoustic sensor nodes can capture sounds in the home and simultaneously deliver them to a sink node for sound event detection. The proposed approach is mainly composed of three modules, including signal estimation, reliable sensor channel selection, and sound event detection. During signal estimation, lost packets are recovered to improve the signal quality. Next, reliable channels are selected using a multi-channel cross-correlation coefficient to improve the computational efficiency for distant sound event detection without sacrificing performance. Finally, the signals of the selected two channels are used for environmental sound event detection based on bidirectional gated recurrent neural networks using two-channel audio features. Experiments show that the proposed approach achieves superior performances compared to the baseline.

关键词： sound event detection wirelesssensor network gated recurrent neural net-work multichannel audio