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Assessment of tear film parameters post-treatment with commercial eyelid cleaning wipes:a pilot study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第4期17卷 659-664页

作者： Amal Aldarwesh Ali Almustanyir Raied Fagehi Khalaf Alruways Abdulaziz Bin Turki Mansour Alghamdi Muteb Khalaf Alanazi Balsam Alabdulkader Wafa Alotaibi Mosaad Alhassan department of Optometry College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11433Saudi Arabia

AIM:To investigate the short-term effects of commercially available eyelid-cleaning wipes on film ***:This study enrolled 48 healthy participants aged 20-35y(both males and females).Clinical assessment included the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire,non-invasive tear break-up time(NITBUT),tear meniscus height(TMH),and lipid layer pattern(LLP).Based on these initial results,participants were categorized as either non-dry eye or dry *** in each group were randomly allocated to either Blephaclean■or Systane■*** in NITBUT,TMH,and LLP levels before and after lid wipe treatment were ***:The dry eye group exhibited significantly higher OSDI scores and lower NITBUT and TMH levels than in the non-dry eye group(P0.05).Similarly,the LLP levels were significantly improved with Systane■(P<0.001)post-treatment compared to individuals in the non-dry eye ***,the dry eye subjects showed higher posttreatment LLP levels than the untreated group(P<0.02).CONCLUSION:The short-term effects of Systane®eyelid wipes on tear film parameters suggest their effectiveness in dry eye ***,further exploration of their long-term impact is essential to justify their cost effectiveness and efficacy in treating both aqueous deficiency and evaporative dryness.

关键词： dry eye lid wipes tear break-up time tear meniscus height

Threshold of climate extremes that impact vegetation productivity over the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1967-1977页

作者： Zhenggang PIAO Xiangyi LI Hao XU Kai WANG Shuchang TANG Fei KAN Songbai HONG college of Urban and Environmental sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Vegetation growth is adversely impacted by multiple climate extremes related to the water and thermal stress over the Tibetan Plateau(TP).However,it remains unknown at which stress level these climate extremes can trigger the abrupt shifts of vegetation response to climate extremes and result in the maximum vegetation response across *** fill this knowledge gap,we combined the hydrometeorological data and the satellite-derived vegetation index to detect two critical thresholds that determine the response of vegetation productivity to droughts,high-temperature extremes,and low-temperature extremes,respectively,during *** results show that the response of vegetation productivity to droughts rapidly increases once crossing -1.41±0.6 standard deviation(σ)below the normal conditions of soil *** crossing-2.98σ±0.9σ,vegetation productivity is maximum damaged by ***-temperature extremes,which have the two thresholds of 1.34σ±0.4σand 2.31σ±0.4σover TP,are suggested to trigger the strong response of vegetation productivity at a milder stress level than low-temperature extremes(two thresholds:-1.44σ±0.5σand-2.53σ±0.8σ).Moreover,we found the compounded effects of soil moisture deficit in reducing the threshold values of both high-and low-temperature *** on the derived thresholds of climate extremes that impact vegetation productivity,Earth System Models project that southwestern TP and part of the northeastern TP will become the hotspots with a high exposure risk to climate extremes by *** study deciphers the high-impact extreme climates using two important thresholds across TP,which advances the understanding of the vegetation response to different climate extremes and provides a paradigm for assessing the impacts of climate extremes on regional ecosystems.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Climate extremes Thresholds Vegetation productivity

Bright InP quantum dots by Ga-doping for red emitters

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6721-6733页

作者： Kai-Zheng Song Xiao-Hang He Zhe-Yong Chen Ge Tang Jin-Zhao Huang Feng-Lei Jiang college of Chemistry and Molecular sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Environment-friendly indium phosphide(InP)-based quantum dots(QDs)with efficient red-emitting properties are sufficiently needed to satisfy the requirement of burgeoning display and lighting ***,the syntheses of InP QDs using tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphine as the precursor are highly toxic and ***,we successfully introduced gallium(Ga)ions into tris(dimethylamino)phosphine-based red InP cores through thermally-promoted cation exchange,and the obtained Ga-doped InP cores exhibited significantly increased photoluminescence quantum yields(PLQY)of up to 26%.The existence of Ga was directly confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and the functions of Ga were systematically *** subsequent coating of Ga-doped InP cores with ZnSeS and ZnS shells,the resulting Ga-InP/ZnSeS/ZnS QDs achieved a high PLQY of 62%with an emission maximum at 640 *** contrast,without Ga-doping,the PLQY only attained 36%using the same synthetic *** indicated an approximate 1.7-fold increase in *** enhancement of photoluminescence was related to the Ga^(3+),as it not only passivated surface defects of InP cores but also reduced core–shell interface *** Ga-InP/ZnSeS/ZnS QDs exhibited good stability towards heat treatment and ultraviolet(UV)***,the red light-emitting diode(LED)based on Ga-InP/ZnSeS/ZnS QDs performed well in a wide injected current range of 2 to 200 mA,with a maximum power efficiency of 0.68 lm/*** work showcases Ga-doping through cation exchange as a promising strategy for enhancing the efficiency of InP-based red emitters.

关键词： indium phosphide gallium doping optical properties light emitting diode

Constrained clustering with weak label prior

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第3期18卷 117-132页

作者： Jing ZHANG Ruidong FAN Hong TAO Jiacheng JIANG Chenping HOU college of sciences National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Clustering is widely exploited in data *** has been proved that embedding weak label prior into clustering is effective to promote its *** researches mainly focus on only one type of ***,in many real scenarios,two kinds of weak label prior information,e.g.,pairwise constraints and cluster ratio,are easily obtained or already *** to incorporate them to improve clustering performance is important but rarely *** propose a novel constrained Clustering with Weak Label Prior method(CWLP),which is an integrated *** the unified spectral clustering model,the pairwise constraints are employed as a regularizer in spectral embedding and label proportion is added as a constraint in spectral *** approximate a variant of the embedding matrix more precisely,we replace a cluster indicator matrix with its scaled *** of fixing an initial similarity matrix,we propose a new similarity matrix that is more suitable for deriving clustering *** for the theoretical convergence and computational complexity analyses,we validate the effectiveness of CWLP through several benchmark datasets,together with its ability to discriminate suspected breast cancer patients from healthy *** experimental evaluation illustrates the superiority of our proposed approach.

关键词： clustering weak label prior cluster ratio pairwise constraints

Polystyrene microplastics disrupted physical barriers, microbiota composition and immune responses in the cecum of developmental Japanese quails

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第10期144卷 225-235页

作者： Lingyang Jing Yuxin Zhang Qingyu Zhang Hongfeng Zhao college of Life sciences Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China

Microplastics,a new type of emerging pollutant,is ubiquitous in terrestrial and water *** have become a growing concern due to their impacts on the environment,animal,and human *** also suffer from microplastics *** this study,we examined the toxic effects of polystyrene microplastics(PS-MPs)exposure on physical barrier,microbial community,and immune function in the cecum of a model bird species—Japanese quail(Coturnix japonica).The one-week-old birds were fed on environmentally relevant concentrations of 20μg/kg,400μg/kg,and 8 mg/kg PS-MPs in the diet for 5 *** results showed that microplastics could cause microstructural damages characterized by lamina propria damage and epithelial cell vacuolation and ultrastructural injuries including microvilli breakage and disarrangement aswell asmitochondrial vacuolation in the cecum of *** particular,blurry tight junctions,wider desmosomes spacing,and gene expression alteration indicated cecal tight junction ***,mucous layer breakdown andmucin decrease indicated that chemical barrier was disturbed by ***-MPs also changed cecal microbial *** addition,structural deformation of cecal tonsils and increasing proinflammatory cytokines suggested cecal immune disorder and inflammation responses by PS-MPs *** results suggested that microplastics negatively affected digestive system and might pose great health risks to terrestrial birds.

关键词： Microplastics Gut barrier Histology Inflammation Immunity Oxidative stress

Paving the way toward soil safety and health:current status,challenges,and potential solutions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 63-73页

作者： Chiheng Chu Lizhong Zhu college of Environmental and Resource sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Soil is a non-renewable resource,providing a majority of the world’s food and fiber while serving as a vital carbon ***,the health of soil faces global threats from human activities,particularly widespread contamination by industrial *** physical,chemical,and biological remediation approaches encounter challenges in preserving soil structure and function throughout the remediation process,as well as addressing the complexities of soil contamination on a regional *** solutions encompass monitoring and simulating soil processes,with a focus on utilizing big data to bridge micro-scale and macro-scale ***,reducing pollutant emissions to soil is paramount due to the significant challenges associated with removing contaminants once they have entered the soil,coupled with the high economic costs of ***,it is imperative to implement advanced remediation technologies,such as monitored natural attenuation,and embrace holistic soil management approaches that involve regulatory frameworks,soil health indicators,and soil safety monitoring *** the enduring health and resilience of soils necessitates a blend of interdisciplinary research,technological innovation,and collaborative initiatives.

关键词： Soil safety and health Source emission reduction Process monitoring and simulation Green remediation technology Soil health management

Effects of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides on growth performance,intestinal barrier function and cecal microbiota in yellow-feathered broilers under heat stress

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 344-361页

作者： Wenchao Liu Huimei Liu Yaoyao Wang Zhongxiang Zhao Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian Rajesh Jha department of Animal Science College of Coastal Agricultural SciencesGuangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong 524088People’s Republic of China department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of Life ScienceSejong UniversitySeoul 05006South Korea department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background Global warming leading to heat stress(HS)is becoming a major challenge for broiler *** study aimed to explore the protective effects of seaweed(Enteromorpha prolifera)polysaccharides(EPS)on the intestinal barrier function,microbial ecology,and performance of broilers under HS.A total of 144 yellow-feathered broilers(male,56 days old)with 682.59±7.38 g were randomly assigned to 3 groups:1)TN(thermal neutral zone,23.6±1.8℃),2)HS(heat stress,33.2±1.5℃ for 10 h/d),and 3)HSE(HS+0.1%EPS).Each group contained 6 replicates with 8 broilers per *** study was conducted for 4 weeks;feed intake and body weights were measured at the end of weeks 2 and *** the end of the feeding trial,small intestine samples were collected for histomorphology,antioxidant,secretory immunoglobulin A(s Ig A)content,apoptosis,gene and protein expression analysis;cecal contents were also collected for microbiota analysis based on 16S r DNA *** Dietary EPS promoted the average daily gain(ADG)of broilers during 3–4 weeks of HS(P<0.05).At the end of HS on broilers,the activity of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),glutathione S-transferase(GST),and the content of s Ig A in jejunum were improved by EPS supplementation(P<0.05).Besides,dietary EPS reduced the epithelial cell apoptosis of jejunum and ileum in heat-stressed broilers(P<0.05).Addition of EPS in HS group broilers'diet upregulated the relative m RNA expression of Occludin,ZO-1,γ-GCLc and IL-10 of the jejunum(P<0.05),whereas downregulated the relative m RNA expression of NF-κB p65,TNF-αand IL-1βof the jejunum(P<0.05).Dietary EPS increased the protein expression of Occludin and ZO-1,whereas it reduced the protein expression of NF-κB p65 and MLCK(P<0.01)and tended to decrease the protein expression of TNF-α(P=0.094)in heat-stressed ***,the proportions of Bacteroides and Oscillospira among the three groups were positively associated with jejunal apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine ex

关键词： Broilers Cecal microbiota Heat stress Intestinal barrier function Seaweed polysaccharides

MEMS-actuated terahertz metamaterials driven by phase-transition materials

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期17卷 23-32页

作者： Zhixiang Huang Weipeng Wu Eric Herrmann Ke Ma Zizwe A.Chase Thomas A.Searles M.Benjamin Jungfleisch Xi Wang department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA department of Physics and Astronomy College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60607USA

The non-ionizing and penetrative characteristics of terahertz(THz)radiation have recently led to its adoption across a variety of *** effectively utilize THz radiation,modulators with precise control are *** most recent THz modulators manipulate the amplitude,frequency,or phase of incident THz radiation,considerably less progress has been made toward THz polarization *** methods for polarization control suffer from high driving voltages,restricted modulation depth,and narrow band capabilities,which hinder device performance and broader ***,an ideal THz modulator that offers high modulation depth along with ease of processing and operation is *** this paper,we propose and realize a THz metamaterial comprised of microelectromechanical systems(MEMS)actuated by the phase-transition material vanadium dioxide(VO_(2)).Simulation and experimental results of the three-dimensional metamaterials show that by leveraging the unique phase-transition attributes of VO_(2),our THz polarization modulator offers notable advancements over existing designs,including broad operation spectrum,high modulation depth,ease of fabrication,ease of operation condition,and continuous modulation *** enhanced features make the system a viable candidate for a range of THz applications,including telecommunications,imaging,and radar systems.

关键词： Metamaterials MEMS THz VO_(2) Phase-transition material

Boosted sustained-release with iron-based MOF-derived mesoporouscarbon-spheres as a nitroimidazole drugs carrier

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 269-280页

作者： Danping Wu Jiaying Zou Junyi Chen Yan Li Na Ma Wei Dai college of Chemistry and Materials Science Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China college of Life sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China college of Geography and Environmental sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China

Metal-organic framework(MoF)with a buildable internal structure has aroused great interest focus as self-sacrificing precursors of porous carbon(PC).However,as a drug carrier,the MOF-derived PC developed thus far are generally composed of irregular powder shape due to their crystalline nature,which consequently causing the cerebral infarction,cerebral thrombosis,and other blood *** this article,we propose a novel approach to constructing amorphous carbon microspheres(AcMs)by dis-torting the topological network through hydrothermal treatment precursors of MIL-101(Fe).Then,a distinctive MIL-101(Fe)-derived spherical porous carbons(MSPC)is achieved through high temperature calcination toward *** of the glucose initial concentration and hydrothermal treatment time on the sphericity of the as-prepared mesoporous MsPC were investigated in *** the loading capacities and sustained-release performances of nitroimidazole drugs over MsPC through simulation internal environment of human body at different pH values was systematically *** nitro-imidazole drugs loading rate and release time of MsPC are 10% and 17 h under preferred ***,the MSPC exhibited very low toxicity on Hela cells and 293T cells at the concentrations tested(10-800μg mL^(-1)).This study,therefore,supports the potential of the mesoporous carbon spheres as a carrierfor nitroimidazole drug delivery.

关键词： Ornidazole Metronidazole Carbon spheres Sustained-release performance Biocompatibility