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Isotropic volumetric MRI for displaying cranial perineural spread of cranial nerve in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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中国医学影像技术 2024年第8期40卷 1164-1169页

作者： ZHENG Dechun XU Shugui LAI Guojing HU Chunmiao CAO Xisheng FENG Meimei PENG Li department of Radiology Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Cancer HospitalFuzhou 350014China department of Radiation oncology Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Cancer HospitalFuzhou 350014China

Objective To observe the value of isotropic volumetric MRI for displaying perineural spread(PNS)of cranial nerve(CN)in nasopharyngeal *** Eighty-seven patients with pathologically proven nasopharyngeal carcinoma were prospectively *** scanning,including three-dimensional liver acquisition with volume acceleration-flexible(3D LAVA_Flex)image,T2WI with fat suppression(T2WI-FS),T1WI,contrast enhancement(CE)T1WI-FS of nasopharynx and neck region were *** displaying rates of CN PNS were evaluated and compared between 3D LAVA_Flex and T2WI-FS,T1WI,CE-T1WI-FS at patient level,CN group level and neural level,*** The displaying rate of CN PNS in all 87 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients by 3D LAVA_Flex sequence was 49.43%(43/87),higher than that of conventional MRI(30/87,34.48%,P=0.001).Among 59 patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosed with conventional sequences,the displaying rate of CN PNS was 71.19%(42/59)by 3D LAVA-Flex sequence,higher than that of conventional MRI(30/59,50.85%,P=0.001).At both patient level and posterior CN level,significant differences of the displaying rate of CN PNS were found between 3D LAVA-Flex sequence and T2WI-FS,T1WI,CE-T1WI-FS,while at CN level,the displaying rates of mandibular nerve PNS,CNⅨ—ⅪPNS in jugular foramen(P<0.05)and CNⅨ—ⅫPNS in carotid space of 3D LAVA_Flex sequence were all significantly higher than that of T2WI-FS,T1WI and CE-T1WI-FS(all P<0.05),of PNS of CNⅢ—Ⅴin cavernous sinus were higher than that of T2WI-FS(P<0.05),while of PNS of hypoglossal nerve were significantly higher than that of T2WI-FS and T1WI(both P<0.05).Conclusion 3D LAVA_Flex sequence could be used to effectively display CN PNS of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

关键词： nasopharyngeal neoplasm cranial nerve magnetic resonance imaging neoplasm metastasis prospective studies

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Predicting the Prognosis and Immunotherapeutic Response of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Constructing a Prognostic Model Based on CD8+T Cell-Related Immune Genes

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期37卷 581-593页

作者： Nani Li Xiaoting Qiu Jingsong Xue Limu Yi Mulan Chen Zhijian Huang department of Medical oncology Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Cancer HospitalFuzhou 350014FujianChina department of Breast Surgical oncology Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Cancer HospitalFuzhou 350014FujianChina Departmen of Pathology Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare HospitalShenzhen 518109GuangdongChina

Objective Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)poses a significant challenge for treatment ***8+T cells,which are pivotal immune cells,can be effectively analyzed for differential gene expression across diverse cell populations owing to rapid advancements in sequencing *** leveraging these genes,our objective was to develop a prognostic model that accurately predicts the prognosis of patients with TNBC and their responsiveness to *** Sample information and clinical data of TNBC were sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas and METABRIC *** the initial stage,we identified 67 differentially expressed genes associated with immune response in CD8+T ***,we narrowed our focus to three key genes,namely CXCL13,GBP2,and GZMB,which were used to construct a prognostic *** accuracy of the model was assessed using the validation set data and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)***,we employed various methods,including Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway,immune infiltration,and correlation analyses with CD274(PD-L1)to explore the model's predictive efficacy in immunotherapeutic ***,we investigated the potential underlying biological pathways that contribute to divergent treatment *** We successfully developed a model capable of predicting the prognosis of patients with *** areas under the curve(AUC)values for the 1-,3-,and 5-year survival predictions were 0.618,0.652,and 0.826,*** this risk model,we stratified the samples into high-and low-risk *** KEGG enrichment analysis,we observed that the high-risk group predominantly exhibited enrichment in metabolism-related pathways such as drug and chlorophyll metabolism,whereas the low-risk group demonstrated significant enrichment in cytokine ***,immune landscape analysis revealed noteworthy variations between(PD-L1)expression and risk scores,indicating that o

关键词： Breast Cancer Immunotherapy Prognosis CD8+T cells PD-L1

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated gastritis:Patterns and management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第14期30卷 1941-1948页

作者： Jing Lin Zhong-Qiao Lin Shi-Cheng Zheng Yu Chen department of Medical oncology Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Cancer HospitalFuzhou 350000Fujian ProvinceChina Phase I clinical Trial Ward Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Cancer HospitalFuzhou 350000Fujian ProvinceChina School of Basic Medical Sciences Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350000Fujian ProvinceChina

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are widely used due to their effectiveness in treating various ***-related adverse events(irAEs)are defined as adverse effects resulting from ICI *** irAEs are a common type of irAEs characterized by intestinal side effects,such as diarrhea and colitis,which may lead to the cessation of *** irAE gastritis is rarely reported,it may lead to serious complications such as ***,irAE gastritis is often difficult to identify early due to its diverse *** steroid hormones and immunosuppressants are commonly used to reverse irAEs,the best regimen and dosage for irAE gastritis remains *** addition,the risk of recurrence of irAE gastritis after the reuse of ICIs should be *** this editorial,strategies such as early identification,pathological diagnosis,mana-gement interventions,and immunotherapy rechallenge are discussed to enable clinicians to better manage irAE gastritis and improve the prognosis of these patients.

关键词： Immunotherapy Immune checkpoint inhibitor Immune-related adverse events Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related gastritis

Microbiota in colorectal cancer related to liver metastasis

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2024年第1期36卷 17-24页

作者： Peijun Wei Weiming Han Zitong Zhang Xue Tian Chen Yang Qiaoxuan Wang Weihao Xie Ying Liu Yuanhong Gao Hui Chang department of Radiation oncology State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhou 510060China Guangdong Provincial clinical Research Center for Cancer Guangzhou 510060China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou 510060China department of Pediatric oncology State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhou 510060China

The prevalence of colorectal cancer(CRC) is increasing annually and metastasis is the principal cause of death in patients with CRC, with the liver being the most frequently affected site. Many studies have shown a strong interplay between the gut flora, particularly Fusobacterium nucleatum(F. nucleatum), Escherichia coli, and Bacteroides fragilis, and the development of gut tumors. Some strains can induce gut inflammation and produce toxins that directly harm gut epithelial cells, ultimately accelerating the onset and progression of CRC. However,little clinical evidence exists on the specific interplay between the gut microflora and colorectal cancer liver metastasis(CRLM). Some research showed the existence of viable F. nucleatum in distant metastasis of ***, gut microbiota products, such as lipopolysaccharides, sodium butyrate, and protein cathepsin K, were also found to affect the development of CRC. This article summarizes the mechanism and research status of the interplay between gut microflora and CRLM, discusses the importance of gut microflora in the treatment of CRLM, and proposes a new approach to understanding the mechanism of CRLM and potential treatments for the microbiome. It is anticipated that the gut microbiota will be a formidable therapeutic and prophylactic tool for treating and preventing CRLM.

关键词： Gut microbiota liver metastasis colorectal cancer

Progress on immuno-microenvironment and immune-related therapies in patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第7期21卷 586-605页

作者： Qidi Zhao Tian Wei Ru Ma Yubin Fu Rui Yang Yandong Su Yang Yu Bing Li Yan Li School of clinical Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China department of Surgical oncology Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalSchool of Clinical MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 102218China department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery Bejing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBejing 100038China

Pseudomyxoma peritonei(PMP) is an indolent malignant syndrome. The standard treatment for PMP is cytoreductive surgery combined with intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy(CRS + HIPEC). However, the high recurrence rate and latent clinical symptoms and signs are major obstacles to further improving clinical outcomes. Moreover, patients in advanced stages receive little benefit from CRS + HIPEC due to widespread intraperitoneal metastases. Another challenge in PMP treatment involves the progressive sclerosis of PMP cell-secreted mucus, which is often increased due to activating mutations in the gene coding for guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha subunit(GNAS). Consequently, the development of other PMP therapies is urgently needed. Several immune-related therapies have shown promise, including the use of bacterium-derived non-specific immunogenic agents, radioimmunotherapeutic agents, and tumor cell-derived neoantigens, but a well-recognized immunotherapy has not been established. In this review the roles of GNAS mutations in the promotion of mucin secretion and disease development are discussed. In addition, the immunologic features of the PMP microenvironment and immune-associated treatments are discussed to summarize the current understanding of key features of the disease and to facilitate the development of immunotherapies.

关键词： Pseudomyxoma peritonei tumor immuno-microenvironment immune-related therapy mucin 2 GNAS mutation

Pharmacological methods for ovarian function and fertility preservation in women with cancer:A literature review

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oncology Research 2024年第8期32卷 1309-1322页

作者： ANA S.CVETANOVIC MATTEO LAMBERTINI KEVIN PUNIE GORANA G.MATOVINA BRKO NIKOLA D.ZIVKOVIC MAJA J.POPOVIC MARIJANA M.MILOVIC KOVACEVIC LAZAR S.POPOVIC department for oncology Medical Faculty NisUniversity of NisNis18000Serbia Clinic of oncology University Clinical Centre NisNis18000Serbia department of Internal Medicine and Medical Sciences(DiMI) School of MedicineUniversity of GenovaGenova16100Italy department of Medical oncology U.O.C Clinica di Oncologia MedicaIRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenova16100Italy department of General Medical oncology and Multidisciplinary Breast Centre Leuven Cancer InstituteUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuven3001Belgium department of Medical oncology Oncology Institute of VojvodinaSremska Kamenica21208Serbia department for Pathology Medical Faculty NisUniversity of NisNis18000Serbia Center for Pathology University Clinical Centre NisNis18000Serbia Faculty of Medicine University of Novi SadNovi Sad21000Serbia department of Medical oncology Institute of Oncology and Radiology SerbiaBelgrade11000Serbia

Oncofertility is an extremely signiﬁcant topic that is increasingly being discussed owing to increased evidence indicating that fertility preservation does not affect the treatment outcomes of patients with cancer but signiﬁcantly contributes to preserving life *** effect of chemotherapy can range from minimal effects to complete ovarian *** data are available on the effects of monoclonal antibodies and targeted therapies on the ovaries and *** ovarian suppression by administering a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist(GnRHa)during chemotherapy decreases the gonadotoxic effect of chemotherapy,thereby diminishing the chance of developing premature ovarian insufﬁciency(POI).At present,the concomitant administration of GnRH analogs during chemotherapy is the only accepted pharmacological method for preserving ovarian ***,most randomized studies on the effectiveness of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists during chemotherapy in preventing POI have been conducted in women with breast cancer,with a considerably small number of studies on patients with hematological ***,most randomized controlled trials on breast cancer have revealed a decrease in treatment-induced POI risk,regardless of the hormone receptor *** addition,studies on hematological malignancies have yielded negative results;nevertheless,theﬁndings must be interpreted with caution owing to numerous *** guidelines from the American Society of clinical oncology and ESMO clinical Practice Guidelines recommend sperm,oocyte,and embryo cryopreservation as a standard practice and only offering GnRHa to patients when proven fertility preservation methods are not *** this manuscript,we present a comprehensive literature overview on the application of ovarian suppression with GnRHa during chemotherapy in patients with cancer by addressing preclinical and clinical data,as well as future perspectives in thisﬁeld

关键词： Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists(GnRHa) Fertility preservation Premature ovarian insufficiency(POI) Premenopausal patients

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals tumor landscape in ovarian carcinosarcoma

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第8期25卷 686-699页

作者： Junfen XU Mengyan TU department of Gynecologic oncology Women’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310006China Zhejiang Provincial clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology Hangzhou 310006China

Objective:The present study used single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)to characterize the cellular composition of ovarian carcinosarcoma(OCS)and identify its molecular ***:scRNA-seq was performed in resected primary OCS for an in-depth analysis of tumor cells and the tumor *** staining was used for *** scRNA-seq data of OCS were compared with those of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma(HGSOC)tumors and other OCS ***:Both malignant epithelial and malignant mesenchymal cells were observed in the OCS patient of this *** identified four epithelial cell subclusters with different biological *** them,epithelial subcluster 4 presented high levels of breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein homolog(BRCA1)and DNA topoisomerase 2-α(TOP2A)expression and was related to drug resistance and cell *** analyzed the interaction between epithelial and mesenchymal cells and found that fibroblast growth factor(FGF)and pleiotrophin(PTN)signalings were the main pathways contributing to communication between these ***,we compared the malignant epithelial and mesenchymal cells of this OCS tumor with our previous published HGSOC scRNA-seq data and OCS *** the epithelial subclusters in the OCS tumor could be found in the HGSOC ***,the mesenchymal subcluster C14 exhibited specific expression patterns in the OCS tumor,characterized by elevated expression of cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1(CYP24A1),collagen type XXIIIα1 chain(COL23A1),cholecystokinin(CCK),bone morphogenetic protein 7(BMP7),PTN,Wnt inhibitory factor 1(WIF1),and insulin-like growth factor 2(IGF2).Moreover,this subcluster showed distinct characteristics when compared with both another previously published OCS tumor and normal ovarian ***:This study provides the single-cell transcriptomics signature of human OCS,which constitutes a new resource for elucidating OCS diversity.

关键词： Ovarian carcinosarcoma Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) Tumor heterogeneity

Penpulimab,an anti-PD-1 antibody,for heavily pretreated metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma:a single-arm phase II study

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 3056-3062页

作者： Xiaozhong Chen Wei Wang Qingfeng Zou Xiaodong Zhu Qin Lin Yi Jiang Yan Sun Liangfang Shen Lin Wang Guorong Zou Xiaoyan Lin Shaojun Lin Minying Li Ying Wang Ruilian Xu Rui Ao Rensheng Wang Haifeng Lin Shuang Huang Tingting Xu Wenting Li Mengying Xia Yu Xia Zhongmin Wang Baiyong Li Jingao Li Chaosu Hu department of Radiation oncology Cancer Hospital of the University of ChineseAcademy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital)HangzhouChina Gastroenterology and Urology department II Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Cancer in Hunan Province ChangshaChina department of Medical oncology Affiliated Cancer Hospital&Institute of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina department of Radiation oncology Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital&Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University)Ministry of Education&Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency TumorGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina department of Radiation oncology Cancer CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina department of Medical oncology Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina department of Radiation oncology Peking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijingChina department of oncology Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaChina department of Medical oncology Hainan General HospitalHainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina department of oncology The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina department of Medical oncology Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina department of Radiation oncology Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Cancer HospitalFuzhouChina department of Radiation Therapy for Thoracic Tumors Zhongshan City People’s HospitalZhongshanChina Tumor Radiotherapy Center Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing Cancer HospitalChongqing Cancer InstituteChongqingChina department of oncology Shenzhen People’s Hospital(The Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan UniversityThe First Affiliated HospitalSo

Penpulimab is an anti-programmed cell death-1(PD-1)IgG1 antibody with no Fc gamma receptor(FcγR)binding activity,and thus theoretically reduced immune-related adverse events(irAEs)while maintaining *** single-arm,phase II trial conducted across 20 tertiary care centers in China enrolled adult patients with metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)who had failed two or more lines of previous systemic *** received 200-mg penpulimab intravenously every 2 weeks(4 weeks per cycle)until disease progression or intolerable *** primary endpoint was objective response rate(ORR)per RECIST(version 1.1),as assessed by an independent radiological review *** secondary endpoints included progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS).One hundred thirty patients were enrolled and 125 were efficacy *** the data cutoff date(September 28,2022),1 patient achieved complete response and 34 patients attained partial *** ORR was 28.0%(95%CI 20.3–36.7%).The response was durable,with 66.8%still in response at 9 ***-three patients(26.4%)were still on *** median PFS and OS were 3.6 months(95%CI=1.9–7.3 months)and 22.8 months(95%CI=17.1 months to not reached),***(7.6%)patients experienced grade 3 or higher *** has promising anti-tumor activities and acceptable toxicities in heavily pretreated metastatic NPC patients,supporting further clinical development as third-line treatment of metastatic NPC.

关键词： metastatic nasopharyngeal supporting

The Epstein-Barr virus-miRNA-BART6-5p regulates TGF-β/SMAD4 pathway to induce glycolysis and enhance proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cells

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oncology Research 2024年第5期32卷 999-1009页

作者： XUHUI ZHAO XIAOMIN HUANG CHUNYAN DANG XIA WANG YUJIAO QI HONGLING LI The First clinical Medical College Gansu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineLanzhou730000China department of oncology Gansu People’s HospitalLanzhou730000China The clinical Medical College Ningxia Medical UniversityNingxia750004China

Background:EBV-miR-BARTs exhibit significant relevance in epithelial tumors,particularly in EBVassociated gastric and nasopharyngeal ***,their specific mechanisms in the initiation and progression of gastric cancer remain insufficiently *** and Methods:Initially,EBV-miRNA-BART6-5p and its target gene SMAD4 expression were assessed in EBV-associated gastric cancer tissues and cell *** transfection induced overexpression of EBV-miRNA-BART6-5p in AGS and MKN-45,and downregulation in EBVpositive cells(SUN-719).The subsequent evaluation aimed to observe their impact on gastric cancer cell proliferation,migration,and glycolytic processes,with the TGF-β/SMAD4 signaling pathway value clarified using a TGF-β***:EBV-miRNA-BART6-5p exhibits pronounced upregulation in EBV-associated gastric cancer tissues and EBV-positive cells,while its target gene SMAD4 demonstrates downregulated *** of it can promote the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer ***,We found EBV-miRNA-BART6-5p promotes glycolysis of gastric cancer *** of the TGF-β/SMAD4 signaling pathway resulted in suppressed proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells,concomitant with a diminished glycolytic ***:In this study,we found that EBV-miRNA-BART6-5p can target SMAD4,effectively increasing glycolysis in gastric cancer cells by regulating the TGF-β/SMAD4 signaling pathway,thereby enhancing the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer *** findings may offer new insights into the metabolic aspects of gastric cancer.

关键词： EBV TGF-β/SMAD4 Glycolysis Gastric cancer