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Comparative evaluation of roundabout capacities under heterogeneous traffic conditions

Journal of Modern transportation 2015年第4期23卷 310-324页

作者： Ramu Arroju Hari Krishna Gaddam Lakshmi Devi Vanumu K.Ramachandra Rao department of civil engineering IIT Delhi department of civil engineering and transportation research and injury prevention programme (TRIPP) IIT Delhi

In heterogeneous traffic conditions, roundabout capacity is described by vehicle and driver characteristics which are different from traffic conditions in homogeneous conditions. In the present study, the capacity of the roundabout is determined using various capacity formulas such as gap acceptance models given by Highway Capacity Manual 2010 （US）, German model （2001）; empirical regression models given by TRRL （UK） and weaving models given by IRC： 65-1976 （India）. In addition, microscopic simulation model like VISSIM （PTV Ger- many） is also used to derive capacity values. Unlike the other capacity estimation models, VISSIM is helpful in estimating capacity values using geometric and driver characteristics and it can also simulate heterogeneous traffic condition accurately. Capacity is estimated after calibrating the simulation model （VISSIM） developed for the roundabout. This is achieved by incorporating different vehicle classes to represent the heterogeneous traffic environment, driver gap acceptance, and lane changeparameters. All the required inputs were extracted from the video using semi-automatic data collection methods. Data are used for the estimation of capacity values from dif- ferent methods mentioned above and for the calibration and validation of simulation model. The capacity values esti- mated form various formulas except German model are distinctly different from the field values and they are either overestimating or underestimating. Analysis of these observations reveals that the capacity values from VISSIM and German models are nearly matching with the field capacity.

关键词： Roundabout Capacity VISSIM Simulation Heterogeneous

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Modelling vehicular interactions for heterogeneous traffic flow using cellular automata with position preference

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Journal of Modern transportation 2017年第3期25卷 163-177页

作者： Gaurav Pandey K.Ramachandra Rao Dinesh Mohan department of civil engineering and transportation research and injury prevention programme Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Shiv Nadar University

This paper proposes and validates a modified cellular automata model for determining interaction rate （i.e. number of car-following/overtaking instances） using traffic flow data measured in the field. The proposed model considers lateral position preference by each vehicle type and introduces a position preference parameter fl in the model which facilitates gradual drifting towards preferred position on road, even if the gap in front is sufficient. Additionally, the model also improves upon the conven- tional model by calculating safe front and back gap dynamically based on speed and deceleration properties of leader and follower vehicles. Sensitivity analysis was carried out to determine the effect of β on vehicular interac- tions and the model was calibrated and validated using interaction rates observed in the field. Paired tests were conducted to determine the determining interaction rates validity of the model in Results of the simulations show that there is a parabolic relationship between area occupancy and interaction rate of different vehicle types. The model performed satisfactorily as the simulated interaction rate between different vehicle types were found to be statistically similar to those observed in field. Also, as expected, the interaction rate between light motor vehicles （LMVs） and heavy motor vehicles （HMVs） were found to be higher than that between LMVs and three wheelers because LMVs and HMVs share the same lane. This could not be done using conventional CA models as lateral movement rules were dictated by only speeds and gaps. So, in conventional models, the vehicles would end up in positions which are not realistic. The position preference parameter introduced in this model motivates vehicles to stay in their preferred positions. This study demonstrates the use of interaction rate as a measure to validate micro- scopic traffic flow models.

关键词： Cellular automata Vehicular interaction ratePosition preference Traffic flow modelling Video-graphic survey

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Development of countermeasures to effectively improve pedestrian safety in low-income areas

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Journal of Traffic and transportation engineering(English Edition) 2019年第2期6卷 162-174页

作者： Pei-Sung Lin Rui Guo Elzbieta Bialkowska-Jelinska Achilleas Kourtellis Yu Zhang Center for Urban transportation research University of South Florida department of civil Environmental and Construction Engineering Texas Tech University department of civil and Environmental engineering University of South Florida

In recent years, many departments of transportation in the US have invested more resources to enhance pedestrian safety. However, there is still a need to effectively and systematically address pedestrian safety issues in low-income areas. Statistics show that pedestrians are fatally injured at disproportionately higher rates in the nation's poorer neighborhoods. Low-income areas often are sectioned by high-volume/high-speed arterials, which compound the problem. In this study, pedestrian-vehicle crash data in lowincome areas were analyzed from two aspects: how demographic factors, road environment, and land use types influence pedestrian crash occurrence(based on frequency data)and how demographic and other factors influence severity in a pedestrian crash(based on severity data). The crash frequency modeling results show that major influential variables for higher pedestrian crash frequency include four demographic factors(proportions of older adults, commuters using public transit or biking, people with low education level,and zero-car ownership), three road environmental factors(densities of traffic signals and bus stops and proportion of higher-speed roads), and three land use factors(densities of discount stores, convenience stores, and fast-food restaurants). The injury severity modeling results show that a dark-not lighted condition is the most influential variable for severe injury pedestrian crashes, and the number of impaired pedestrians and aggressive drivers also greatly increases the probability of severe injury. Based on the analysis results,this paper makes specific recommendations for both engineering countermeasures and pedestrian safety education/outreach plans that resonate with a given area's demographics to effectively improve pedestrian safety in low-income areas.

关键词： Pedestrian crash Factors Low-income area Countermeasures

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Autonomous vehicles wheel wander: Structural impact on flexible pavements

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Journal of Traffic and transportation engineering(English Edition) 2021年第3期8卷 388-398页

作者： Konstantina Georgouli Christina Plati Andreas Loizos department of transportation Planning and engineering School of Civil EngineeringNational Technical University of AthensZografou 15773Greece

Autonomous vehicles(AVs), including trucks, are already available and their adoption is coming at a rapid pace. Despite the fact that this new transportation technology will travel on existing pavement infrastructure assets, the study and investigation of the AVs structural impact on pavements has not reached the same level of attention and maturity as other related research areas. Considering the extensive investment on pavement construction and maintenance, the necessity to fully understand these impacts in the long term, is becoming evident. The present paper presents and discusses currently published relevant research and findings on the quantification of the wheel wander potential impact,both negative and positive, offering potential insightful future areas of enquiry to help mold and shape future research for this emerging field. The paper focuses on the impact of the AVs zero lateral wheel wander on both new flexible pavement design and the damage accumulation within existing flexible pavement structures. Other wheel wander distributions(normal, uniform, etc.) are investigated as well. The outcome and findings are that the AVs zero lateral wheel wander has a definable negative structural impact on flexible pavement structures in comparison to current human-driven(non-autonomous) vehicles that tend to follow a normal lateral wheel wander distribution. However, under certain defined conditions(optimal wheel wander distribution), the pavement service life can be potentially extended.

关键词： Road engineering Autonomous vehicles Wheel wander Pavement design Pavement performance

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Exploring injury severity of children and adolescents involved in traffic crashes in Greece

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Journal of Traffic and transportation engineering(English Edition) 2021年第4期8卷 596-604页

作者： Athanasios Theofilatos Constantinos Antoniou George Yannis School of Architecture Building and Civil EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLeicestershire LE113TUUK department of civil Geo and Environmental EngineeringTechnical University of MunichMunich 80333Germany department of transportation Planning and engineering School of Civil EngineeringNational Technical University of AthensZografou 15773Greece

For the purpose of exploring the factors affecting injury severity of children and adolescents involved in traffic crashes in Greece,disaggregate crash data including 13,431 involving children and adolescents from all regions of Greece for the period 2006–2015 were *** order to identify factors affecting injury severity and account for potential unobserved heterogeneity,a series of mixed logit models were *** explore and address potential temporal instability of crash-related risk factors,the likelihood ratio test was *** indicated that night crashes,crashes outside urban areas as well as crashes involving bicycles or powered-two-wheelers are associated with higher injury severity of children and ***,crashes involving pedestrians are associated with lower injury severity than head-on collisions and run-off-road collisions with fixed *** and sideswipe crashes also result in lower injury *** likelihood ratio test indicated that crash-related factors are instable when comparing the models utilizing data before and after 2010 *** study contributes to the current knowledge in the field,as to the best of our knowledge this is the first study that addresses unobserved heterogeneity when analyzing child and adolescent injury ***,the findings of this study provide useful insights and could assist in unveiling crash risk factors and prioritize programs and measures to promote road safety of children and adolescents.

关键词： Traffic engineering Traffic crash injury severity Children Adolescents Unobserved heterogeneity

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New innovations in pavement materials and engineering:A review on pavement engineering research 2021

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Journal of Traffic and transportation engineering(English Edition) 2021年第6期8卷 815-999页

作者： JTTE Editorial Office Jiaqi Chen Hancheng Dan Yongjie Ding Yangming Gao Meng Guo Shuaicheng Guo Bingye Han Bin Hong Yue Hou Chichun Hu Jing Hu Ju Huyan Jiwang Jiang Wei Jiang Cheng Li Pengfei Liu Yu Liu Zhuangzhuang Liu Guoyang Lu Jian Ouyang Xin Qu Dongya Ren Chao Wang Chaohui Wang Dawei Wang Di Wang Hainian Wang Haopeng Wang Yue Xiao Chao Xing Huining Xu Yu Yan Xu Yang Lingyun You Zhanping You Bin Yu Huayang Yu Huanan Yu Henglong Zhang Jizhe Zhang Changhong Zhou Changjun Zhou Xingyi Zhu Editorial Office of Journal of Traffic and transportation engineering(English Edition) Chang’an UnivieristyXi’an 710064China School of civil engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410075China School of civil engineering Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China department of Structural engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 CNthe Netherlands The Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China College of civil engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China School of civil and transportation engineering Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing 100044China School of transportation Science and engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China College of Metropolitan transportation Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China School of civil engineering&transportation South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China School of transportation Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China department of civil&Environmental engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada department of civil and Environmental engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina School of Highway Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China Institute of Highway engineering RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074Germany School of transportation&Logistics Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of civil engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China Faculty of Architecture Civil and Transportation EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China department of civil engineering Aalto UniversityEspoo 02150Finland Nottingham transportation engineering Center(NTEC) University of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUK State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China College of transportation Engineer

Sustainable and resilient pavement infrastructure is critical for current economic and environmental *** the past 10 years,the pavement infrastructure strongly supports the rapid development of the global social *** theories,new methods,new technologies and new materials related to pavement engineering are *** of pavement infrastructure is a typical multi-physics *** of actual coupled behaviors of traffic and environmental conditions,predictions of pavement service life become more and more complicated and require a deep knowledge of pavement material *** order to summarize the current and determine the future research of pavement engineering,Journal of Traffic and transportation engineering(English Edition)has launched a review paper on the topic of"New innovations in pavement materials and engineering:A review on pavement engineering research 2021".Based on the joint-effort of 43 scholars from 24 well-known universities in highway engineering,this review paper systematically analyzes the research status and future development direction of 5 major fields of pavement engineering in the *** content includes asphalt binder performance and modeling,mixture performance and modeling of pavement materials,multi-scale mechanics,green and sustainable pavement,and intelligent ***,this review paper is able to provide references and insights for researchers and engineers in the field of pavement engineering.

关键词： Asphalt binder Asphalt mixture Modeling of pavement materials Multi-scale mechanics Green and sustainable pavement Intelligent pavement

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Effect of helmet-wearing regulation on electric-bike riders:a case study of two cities in China

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transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第3期6卷 62-70页

作者： Wenxin Ma Zhiyong Liu Ruimin Li department of civil engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Traffic and transportation Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

Objectives:Electric bikes(e-bikes)are widely used for commuting and delivery in *** the rapid increase in e-bikes on the road,related accidents have become crucial issues threatening the *** research aims to explore the protective effect of helmet-wearing regulation and to investigate some factors influencing head injury with reference to two case cities in China,obtaining information to protect e-bike ***:The traffic police-reported crash data cover the periods before and after the implementation of helmet-wearing regulations in Taizhou(with data from 2017 to 2019)and Nanning(with data in 2020)of *** statistical analysis,logistic regression and chi-square test with a Bonferroni correction were applied in the ***:A lack of helmets was common among victims in the context of a high helmet-wearing rate among general e-bike riders in Taizhou,indicating that fatality could be avoided to some extent by wearing ***,helmet wearing could reduce the probability of suffering fatal head injury by 6.4%.After the regulation implementation in Taizhou,the proportion of fatal head injuries decreased from 89%to 79%,remaining at a high level,which indicates that other measures in addition to helmet-wearing regulations should be *** to the results from Nanning,mandatory regulation worked more effectively than encouraged regulation in terms of reducing head ***:Mandatory helmet-wearing regulations are highly recommended to policymakers to reduce head injury among e-bike *** in addition to helmet-wearing regulation,*** law-abiding awareness and improving road infrastructure,should be considered to further protect e-bike riders.

关键词： e-bike safety accident analysis helmet-wearing regulation head injury

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The effect of time of day on driver's injury severity at highway-rail grade crossings in the United States

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Journal of Traffic and transportation engineering(English Edition) 2016年第1期3卷 37-50页

作者： Wei Hao Camille Kamga Dan Wan department of civil and Environmental engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology University Heights Newark University transportation research Center City College of New York

Based on the Federal Railway Administration （FILE} database, there were totally 25,945 highway-rail crossing crashes happened in the United States between 2002 and 201I. With an extensive research, analysis results showed that there were substantial differences by time of day for driver＇s injury severity at highway-rail grade crossings. However, there is no published study on time of day analysis of driver＇s injury given that a highway-rail grade crossing crash happens. This study applied ordered probit models to explore the de- terminants of injury severity for motor vehicle drivers at highway-rail grade crossings. The results show that motor vehicle driver＇s injury severity in highway-rail grade crossing crashes that happen during a.m. peak, p.m. peak, and p.m. off-peak is extremely higher than other time periods. However, speed control will significantly reduce driver＇s injury severity. In addition, crashes that happen during early morning, a.m. peak, and p.m. peak are more likely to be influenced by vehicle speed and train speed compared with other time periods. Paved highways will significantly help to reduce driver＇s injury severity at highway-rail grade crossings. Drivers during peak hours, early morning and p.m. off-peak are more likely to be influenced by unpaved roadway compared with other time periods.

关键词： injury severityTime of dayHighway-rail grade crossingOrdered probit model

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Driver injury severity analysis of crashes in a western China’s rural mountainous county:Taking crash compatibility difference into consideration

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Journal of Traffic and transportation engineering(English Edition) 2021年第5期8卷 703-714页

作者： Liyang Wang Ruimin Li Changjun Wang Zhiyong Liu Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Public Security for Road Traffic Safety Ministry of Public SecurityWuxi 214151China Traffic Management research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security Wuxi 214151China Institute of transportation engineering Department of Civil EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

China’s traffic safety attracts increasing research *** data show that crashes in the western region of China are more severe than those in the eastern ***,research on crash severity in western China is *** study applied a hierarchical Bayesian logistic model to examine the significant factors related to crash and vehicle/driver levels and their heterogeneous impacts on the severity of drivers’ *** data were collected from Lintao,a rural mountainous county in western China.A variable was proposed to measure the relative difference between the crashworthiness of one vehicle and the aggressivity of the other vehicle in the mixed traffic *** indicated that the majority of the total variance was induced by between-crash variance,showing the suitability of the utilized hierarchical modeling *** crash-level variable and six vehicle/driver-level variables,namely,road type,compatibility difference,age,vehicle type,drunk driving,driving unregistered vehicle,and driving years,significantly affected modeling drivers’ injury *** these variables,road type(national and provincial),age(young and senior drivers),driving unregistered vehicle,and drunk driving tended to increase the odds of crash-related *** years(new drivers with less than six years of driving experience) and vehicle type(heavy vehicle) were likely to decrease the probability of fatal *** difference was relatively significant,and the possibilities of mortality in single vehicle crashes were higher than those inmultivehicle and pedestrian-involved *** developed methodology and estimation results provided insights into the internal mechanism of rural crashes and effective countermeasures to prevent rural crashes.

关键词： transportation engineering Driver injury severity Western China rural mountainous county Traffic crash Hierarchical model Bayesian inference

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Review of ultraviolet ageing mechanisms and anti-ageing methods for asphalt binders

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Journal of Road engineering 2022年第2期2卷 137-155页

作者： Yuanyuan Li Jianlin Feng Shaopeng Wu Anqi Chen Dongliang Kuang Tao Bai Yangming Gao Jizhe Zhang Linglin Li Liyao Wan Quantao Liu Zongwu Chen Dengjun Gu School of civil engineering and Architecture Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Nottingham transportation engineering Centre School of Civil EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUK School of Materials Science and engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China Marie S.Curie research Fellow Section of Pavement engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 CNthe Netherlands School of Qilu transportation Shandong UniversityJinan 250002China School of Automotive and transportation engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230000China Faculty of engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Asphalt binder is inevitably aged by ultraviolet(UV)light during its service *** ageing can significantly decrease the technical properties of asphalt *** sensitivity of asphalt to UV ageing and thermal-oxidative ageing differs,such that the UV ageing performance cannot be determined based on the thermal-oxidative ageing *** researches mainly focused on the chemical composite and technical performance changes of asphalt binder during UV ageing,and the UV light parameters effect on the ageing rate of asphalt ***,the theory for characterizing and explaining the development of UV ageing depth does not get too much attentions,and the UV ageing mechanism of asphalt binder is not very ***,it cannot guide to develop or select the good methods or anti-UV ageing additives for asphalt *** paper focuses on the latest researches of the mechanisms and anti-ageing methods of asphalt *** the increase of UV ageing time,the UV ageing of asphalt binder develops gradually from the surface to inner *** are various methods,such as low-penetration grade asphalt,less air void ratio,UV stabilizers and UV light absorbers,that can improve the UV ageing resistance of asphalt binders.A new theory of sensitive wavelengths of asphalt UV ageing is proposed,which can enrich the basic theory of asphalt UV *** on this theory,different wavelengths of UV light have different ageing effects on asphalt *** composite anti-UV ageing additives with barrier and specific absorption effects on UV light is proposed,and may have better improvement effect on the anti-UV ageing performance of asphalt binder.

关键词： Road engineering Asphalt pavement Asphalt binder UV ageing Anti-UV ageing method

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