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A new Late Miocene Hystrix(Hystricidae,Rodentia)from Turkey

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 548-563页

作者： Kazım HALAÇLAR Ayla SEVIM EROL Tolga KÖROG˘LU Paul RUMMY Tao DENG Serdar MAYDA Natural history Application and Research Centre Ege UniversityTurkey Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China department of Anthropology Faculty of Languages and HistoryGeographyAnkara UniversityTurkey department of Biology Faculty of SciencesEge UniversityTurkey

TheÇorakyerler fossil locality in Anatolia reveals unique faunal *** study introduces Hystrix kayae ***.,a new Late Miocene porcupine initially classified as Hystrix *** et al.,*** finding expands our knowledge of Late Miocene Anatolian porcupines,bringing the total number of known species to *** *** larger than Hystrix aryanensis and exhibits greater upper cheek tooth crown *** cheek tooth morphology differs from Hystrix depereti,and it possesses distinctive U-shaped choanae unlike Hystrix ***Çorakyerler locality may predate sites with *** and *** but aligns temporally with Hystrix parvae *** study enhances our understanding of Late Miocene porcupine diversity in Anatolia,emphasizing the importance ofÇorakyerler in unraveling the evolutionary history of these fascinating mammals.

关键词： Çorakyerler Hystrix Late Miocene paleobiogeography Turkey

Hongjin Xiaojie Capsule, a chinese patent medicine, for treating moderate to severe cyclical breast pain: A single-blind randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第5期22卷 552-560页

作者： Qiong Zhang Ying-yi Fan Xue-qing Wu Yan-dan Huo Chun-hui Wang Shi-bing Liang Ting Wang Rong Zhong Xuan Wang Bao-yong Lai Xiao-hua Pei Jian-ping Liu Graduate School Beijing University of Chinese Medicine department of Breast Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital department of Breast Shuguang HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine department of Breast Sichuan Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine department of Breast Xiamen HospitalBeijing University of Chinese Medicine Center for Evidence-Based chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

Background: Moderate to severe breast pain has major effects on the quality of life for patients. Patent chinese medicines are widely used in the treatment of breast pain due to their stable dosage form and good ***: To evaluate the beneficial effects and safety of Hongjin Xiaojie Capsule(HJXJC), a chinese patent medicine, for the treatment of cyclical breast ***, setting, participants and intervention: This is a multicenter, single-blind randomized controlled trial conducted in 3 medical centers in China from 2019 to 2021. Patients with moderate to severe cyclic breast pain were randomly divided into the intervention group(who took HJXJC, four capsules per dose,three times a day for 12 weeks) and the control group(waiting for the treatment) in a 1:1 *** outcome measures: The primary outcome was pain duration, and the patients recorded measurements at baseline and at the end of weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16 on a patient log ***: The full analysis set(FAS) population included 298 participants(intervention group, n = 150;control group, n = 148), while the per-protocol analysis set(PPS) included 274 participants. After12 weeks, the duration of breast pain was significantly shorter in the intervention group(FAS: mean difference, –6.69; 95% CI, –7.58 to –5.80; P < 0.01, vs control. PPS: mean difference, –7.09; 95% CI, –8.01 to –6.16; P < 0.01, vs control). The Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire(SF-MPQ) scores were significantly lower in the intervention group(FAS: mean difference, –12.55; 95% CI, –13.90 to –11.21; P < 0.01, vs control. PPS: mean difference, –13.07; 95% CI, –14.48 to –11.66; P < 0.01, vs control). The above indicators continued to be significantly different through week 16. Moreover, in the intervention group, breast lumps shrank after 12 weeks and the size of breast lumps was statistically smaller than that in the control group(P < 0.05), whereas the sizes of breast nodules and uterine fibroid showed no statistically sign

关键词： Hongjin Xiaojie Capsule Cyclical breast pain Randomized controlled trial Traditional chinese medicine

Utilization of human excrement in pre-modern China,its theoretical interpretations and ecological significance

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 1-5页

作者： Xin-Hao Du Yuan-Ming Song Ji-An Cai Yong-Guan Zhu Institute for the history of Natural Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute for Cultural Heritage and history of Science&Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Faculty of history Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Research Center for Eco Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

The use of human excrement as fertilizer is a characteristic of traditional chinese agriculture..The application of excrement from urban residents in agriculture since the Song Dynasty has ensured the cleanliness and hygiene of *** early as the Ming Dynasty,the chinese people defined the principle of fertilizing fields with human excrement from the perspective of *** concept Peri-URban ecosystems(PURE)provides inspiration forurban-rural symbiosis regarding *** use of human excrement in fertilization is a major attribute differentiating the chinese traditional agriculture from the agriculture in other regions around the *** the fact that the exact record showing that human excrement was used as fertilizer in China emerged in the Western Han Dynasty(B.C.202-A.D.8),such records did not become prevalent until the Southern Song Dynasty(A.D.1127-1279).In the Ming and Qing eras(A.D.1368-1912),human excrement was even considered"top-class fertilizerand servedas themost essential fertilizerin farmland *** importance of human excrement in the Ming and Qing was mainly reflected by farmers'purchase of human excrement from urban *** fertilization practices became increasingly popular during the period,men of letters built a localized theoretical system centering on human *** the use of human excrement had both positive and negative impacts on public health and the ecological environment,the positive overshadowed the negativeas a ***,it is worth pondering on how the utilization of human excrement as an agricultural resource can be improved so that a material cycle system can be rebuilt to re-connect the urban and rural areas.

关键词： excrement fertilizer theorization urban and rural ecology public health

The“depict”strategy for discovering new compounds in complex matrices:Lycibarbarspermidines as a case

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第3期14卷 416-426页

作者： Chen Han Zhixin Zhang Zhiyang Feng Chuanjia Zhai Xuejiao Li Yulian Shi Xiang Li Miao Li Ying Wang Gan Luo Xiaoyan Gao department of chinese Medicine Analysis School of Chinese Materia MedicaBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102488China

The comprehensive detection and identification of active ingredients in complex matrices is a crucial *** chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry(LC-HRMS)is the most prominent analytical platform for the exploration of novel active compounds from complex ***,the LC-HRMS-based analysis workflow suffers from several bottleneck issues,such as trace content of target compounds,limited acquisition for fragment information,and uncertainty in interpreting relevant MS2 *** are vital antioxidant active ingredients in Lycii Fructus,while the reported structures are merely focused on dicaffeoylspermidines due to their low *** comprehensively detect the new structures of lycibarbarspermidine derivatives,a“depict”strategy was developed in this ***,potential new lycibarbarspermidine derivatives were designed according to the biosynthetic pathway,and a comprehensive database was established,which enlarged the coverage of lycibarbarspermidine ***,the polarity-oriented sample preparation of potential new compounds increased the concentration of the target ***,the construction of the molecular network based on the fragmentation pathway of lycibarbarspermidine derivatives broadened the comprehensiveness of ***,the weak response signals were captured by data-dependent scanning(DDA)followed by parallel reaction monitoring(PRM),and the efficiency of acquiring MS2 fragment ions of target compounds was significantly *** on the integrated strategy above,210 lycibarbarspermidine derivatives were detected and identified from Lycii Fructus,and in particular,170 potential new compounds were structurally *** integrated strategy improved the sensitivity of detection and the coverage of low-response components,and it is expected to be a promising pipeline for discovering new compounds.

关键词： Mass spectrometric detection Weak response signals Complex matrices Novel lycibarbarspermidines

Investigation of the active ingredients and mechanism of Shuangling extract in dextran sulfate sodium salt induced ulcerative colitis mice based on network pharmacology and experimental verification

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Journal of Traditional chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 478-488页

作者： CHU Mengzhen WANG Yu LIN Zhijian Lyu Jintao ZHANG Xiaomeng ZHANG Bing department of Clinical chinese Pharmacy School of Chinese Materia MedicaBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 102488China

OBJECTIVE: To explore the pharmacodynamic effects and potential mechanisms of Shuangling extract against ulcerative colitis(UC). METHODS: The bioinformatics method was used to predict the active ingredients and action targets of Shuangling extract against UC in mice. And the biological experiments such as serum biochemical indexes and histopathological staining were used to verify the pharmacological effect and mechanism of Shuangling extract against UC in mice. RESULTS: The Shuangling extract reduced the levels of seruminterleukin-1β(IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-N), interleukin-6(IL-6) and other inflammatory factors in UC mice and inhibited the inflammatory response. AKT Serine/threonine Kinase 1 and IL-6 may be the main targets of the anti-UC action of Shuangling extract, and the TNF signaling pathway, Forkhead box O signaling pathway and T-cell receptor signaling pathway may be the main signaling pathways. CONCLUSION: The Shuangling extract could inhibit the inflammatory response induced by UC and regulate intestinal immune function through multiple targets and multiple channels, which provided a new option and theoretical basis for anti-UC.

关键词： colitis ulcerative pharmacodynamic study network pharmacology molecular docking simulation Shuangling extract

Looking at the cultural heritage proclamations of Ethiopia:conceptualisation and management of cultural heritage

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Built Heritage 2024年第1期8卷 18-28页

作者： Mengistie Zewdu department of history and Heritage Management Woldia UniversityWoldiaEthiopia

The main purpose of this paper is to explore how the conceptualisation and management of cultural heritage have been treated in the cultural heritage proclamations of *** analysis of the four cultural heritage proclamations reveals that the notion of cultural heritage improves from the frst to the fourth *** the first two proclamations,the term antiquity was employed,and the latter two employed the term of cultural *** 1966 proclamation included antiquities that were dated prior to 1850 EC,while the 1989 proclamation removed this cutoff date and expounded upon the definition of *** 2000 proclamation replaced the term antiquity with cultural heritage and introduced the concept of intangible cultural *** terms of the management of cultural heritage,the differences between the 1989 and 2000 proclamations are quite *** 2014 proclamation attempted to classify cultural heritage into national and regional cultural *** also defined important components of intangible cultural *** management of cultural heritage exhibits some evolution from the first to the last ***,due to the diversified nature of cultural heritage conceptualisation and management,it will be important for additional legislation to be issued separately for movable,immovable and intangible cultural heritage,for *** study argues that strong legal and institutional frameworks should be established to properly protect,conserve and study cultural heritage.

关键词： conceptualisation management cultural heritage proclamations Ethiopia

Low Concentration of Wenyang Tonglin Decoction Promotes Conjugation and Transfer of Drug-Resistant Plasmids among Heterologous Strains

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chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第8期30卷 721-728页

作者： WANG Bi-yan BU Hong-shi XIA Li-bo JIANG Xiang-yu TONG Yan-qing department of Traditional chinese Medicine Changchun University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChangchun130000China

Objective To investigate the effect of low concentration of Wenyang Tonglin Decoction(WTD)on the binding conditions of R45 plasmid conjugative transfer under liquid phase conjugation and its *** Escherichia coli CP9(R45)and Staphylococcus aureus RN450RF were cultured in medium containing WTD,and their minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)values were *** promoter fusion technology,*** CP9(R45)containing a promoter fusion was obtained.β-Galactosidase activity of TrfAp and TrbBp was tested,and the mRNA expression of regulatory factors(TrbA,KorA,and KorB)was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain *** The MIC of *** CP9(R45)was 400 g/L and that of *** RN450RF was 200 g/*** the drug concentration in the culture medium was 200 g/L,the highest number of conjugants was(3.47±0.20)×10^(7) CFU/mL At 90 h of conjugation,the maximum number of conjugants was(1.15±0.06)×10^(8) CFU/mL When the initial bacterial concentration was 10^(8) CFU/mL,the maximum number of conjugants was(3.47±0.20)×10^(7) CFU/*** the drug concentration was 200 g/L,theβ-galactosidase activity of TrfAp and TrbBp significantly increased;the relative quantification of TrbA,KorA and KorB were significantly *** Low concentration of WTD promoted the development of bacterial resistance by affecting promoters and inhibiting the expression of regulatory factors.

关键词： urinary tract infection chinese medicine drug-resistant plasmid heterozygous strains conjugation transfer

The Fengqiao Model:A Gold Standard for chinese Governance

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Qiu Shi 2024年第1期16卷 59-64页

作者： Wan Jianwu chinese Academy of history chinese Academy of Social Sciences

The Fengqiao model, so named after a town in Zhejiang Province,is an exemplar of chinese community-level social *** this model has been carried forward,it has undergone further development and innovation,giving rise to a Fengqiao model for the new era that is both distinctive and rich in *** model has come to serve as a gold standard for governance in China.

关键词： China. content. town

Rapid Antidepressant-Like Potential of Chaihu Shugan San Depends on Suppressing Glutamate Neurotransmission and Activating Synaptic Proteins in Hippocampus of Female Mice

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chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第8期30卷 692-700页

作者： LU Chao GAO Zi-wei XING Shan WANG Hui-hui HUANG Yun-ke ZHOU Hang WU Lei department of chinese Medicine Preparations Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineJiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineNanjing210029China College of chinese Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing210046China department of chinese Medicine Women’s HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310000China

Objective To explore the rapid antidepressant potential and the underlying mechanism of Chaihu Shugan San(CSS)in female *** Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry(LC-MS)/MS was used to determine the content of main components in CSS to determine its *** C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,including control(saline),vehicle(saline),CSS(4 g/kg)and ketamine(30 mg/kg)*** were subjected to irregular stress stimulation for 4 weeks to establish the chronic mild stress(CMS)model,then received a single administration of *** hours later,the behavioral tests were performed,including open field test,tail suspension test(TST),forced swimming test(FST),novelty suppression feeding test(NSF),and sucrose preference test(SPT).Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression levels of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDA)subtypes[N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1(NR1),NR2A,NR2B],synaptic proteins[synapsin1 and post synaptic density protein 95(PSD95)],and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).Moreover,the rapid antidepressant effect of CSS was tested by pharmacological technologies and optogenetic interventions that activated glutamate receptors,*** Compared with the vehicle group,a single administration of CSS(4 g/kg)reversed all behavioral defects in TST,FST,SPT and NSF caused by CMS(P<0.05 or P<0.01).CSS also significantly decreased the expressions of NMDA subtypes(NR1,NR2A,NR2B)at 2 h in hippocampus of mice(all P<0.01).In addition,similar to ketamine,CSS increased levels of synaptic proteins and BDNF(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Furthermore,the rapid antidepressant effects of CSS were blocked by transient activation of NMDA receptors in the hippocampus(all P<0.01).Conclusion Rapid antidepressant effects of CSS by improving behavioral deficits in female CMS mice depended on rapid suppression of NMDA receptors and activation of synaptic proteins.

关键词： Chaihu Shugan San female rapid antidepressant potential N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor synapticprotein optogenetic chinesemedicine