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Designing metal-organic framework fiber network reinforced polymer electrolytes to provide continuous ion transport in solid state lithium metal batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2719-2727页

作者： Wanqing Fan Ying Huang Meng Yu Kaihang She Jingren Gou Zheng Zhang MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China beijing Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Polyethylene oxide(PEO)-based solid-state electrolytes are considered ideal for electrolyte materials in solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs).However,practical applications are hindered by the lower conductivity and poor interfacial ***,we propose a strategy to construct a three-dimensional(3D)fiber network of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs).Composite solid electrolytes(CSEs)with continuous ion transport pathways were fabricated by filling a PEO polymer matrix in fibers containing interconnected *** 3D fiber network provides a fast Li+transport path and effectively improves the ionic conductivity(1.36×10^(-4) S·cm^(-1),30℃).In addition,the network of interconnected MOFs not only effectively traps the anions,but also provides sufficient mechanical strength to prevent the growth of Li *** from the advantages of structural design,the CSEs stabilize the Li/electrolyte interface and extend the cycle life of the Li-symmetric cells to 3000 *** assembled SSLMBs exhibit excellent cycling performance at both room and high *** addition,the constructed pouch cells can provide an areal capacity of 0.62 mA·h·cm^(-2),which can still operate under extreme *** work provides a new strategy for the design of CSEs with continuous structure and stable operation of SSLMBs.

关键词： polyethylene oxide(PEO) solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs) three-dimensional fiber network composite solid electrolytes(CSEs)

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A compact X-band backward traveling-wave accelerating structure

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 13-29页

作者： Xian-Cai Lin Hao Zha Jia-Ru Shi Qiang Gao Fang-Jun Hu Qing-Zhu Li Huai-Bi Chen department of engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging(tsinghua university) Ministry of EducationBeijing 100084China

Very high-energy electrons(VHEEs)are potential candidates for FLASH radiotherapy for deep-seated *** proposed a compact VHEE facility based on an X-band high-gradient high-power *** this study,we investigated and realized the first X-band backward traveling-wave(BTW)accelerating structure as the buncher for a VHEE facility.A method for calculating the parameters of single cell from the field distribution was introduced to simplify the design of the BTW ***-domain circuit equations were applied to calculate the transient beam parameters of the buncher in the unsteady state.A prototype of the BTW structure with a thermionic cathode-diode electron gun was designed,fabricated,and tested at high power at the tsinghua X-band high-power test *** structure successfully operated with 5-MW microwave pulses from the pulse compressor and outputted electron bunches with an energy of 8 MeV and a pulsed current of 108 mA.

关键词： Backward traveling-wave accelerating structure Equivalent circuit model High-power test Very high-energy electron radiotherapy

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Alignment of inertialess spheroidal particles in flow-structure-dominated regions of turbulent channel flow:shape effect

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第8期40卷 45-66页

作者： Zhiwen Cui Lihao Zhao Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

The alignment of elongated fibers and thin disks is known to be significantly influenced by the presence of fluid coherent structures in near-wall turbulence(Cui et al.2021).However,this earlier study is confined to the spheroids with infinitely large or small aspect ratio,and the shape effect of finite aspect ratio on the alignment is not *** current study investigates the shape-dependent alignment of inertialess spheroids in structure-dominated regions of channel *** utilizing an ensemble-averaged approach for identifying the structure-dominated regions,we analyze the eigensystem of the linear term matrix in the Jeffery equation,which is governed by both particle shape and local fluid velocity *** contrast to earlier conventional analysis based on local vorticity and strain rate,our findings demonstrate that the eigensystem of the Jeffery equation offers a convenient,effective,and universal framework for predicting the alignment behavior of inertialess spheroids in turbulent *** leveraging the eigensystem of the Jeffery equation,we uncover a diverse effect of fluid coherent structures on spheroid alignment with different particle ***,we provide explanations for both shape-independent alignments observed in vortical-core regions and shape-dependent alignments around near-wall streamwise vortices.

关键词： Non-spherical particle Direct numerical simulation Wall turbulence Particle-laden flow

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Novel concept of nano-additive design:PTFE@silica Janus nanoparticles for water lubrication

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Friction 2024年第2期12卷 258-270页

作者： Yanfei LIU Hailing HE Meng YANG Ruize ZHANG Shengtao YU Tiantian YANG Wenzhong WANG Fuxin LIANG School of Mechanical engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Institute of Polymer Science&engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Center for Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing 100084China College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)has been widely used as a lubrication additive for reducing friction and wear;however,the hydrophobic nature of PTFE restricts its application in eco-friendly water-based lubrication *** this study,for the first time,we designed novel PTFE@silica Janus nanoparticles(JNs)to meet the requirement for additives in water-based lubricants,which have excellent dispersion stability in water attributed to the unique amphiphilic *** introducing the lubrication of the aqueous dispersion of the JNs with a concentration of 0.5 wt%,the coefficient of friction(COF)and wear volume were reduced by 63.8%and 94.2%,respectively,comparing to those with the lubrication of pure ***,the JNs suspension also exhibits better lubrication and wear-resistance performances comparing to commercial silica and PTFE *** excellent tribological behaviors of PTFE@silica JNs as nano-additives could be attributed to the synergetic effect of the two components,where the PTFE provided lubrication through the formed tribofilms on the friction pairs,and the rigid silica further enhanced the wear-resistance *** importantly,the unique structure of JNs makes it possible to use PTFE as an additive in water-lubrication *** study shed light on the design and application of novel JNs nanomaterials as additives to meet the requirements of future industrial applications.

关键词： Janus nanoparticles(JNs) polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) nano-additives friction lubrication

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An Automatic Implementation of Oropharyngeal Swab Sampling for Diagnosing Respiratory Infectious Diseases via Soft Robotic End-Effectors

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical engineering 2024年第2期37卷 55-67页

作者： Yafeng Cui Wenjie Yu Jingjing Li Qi Shao Ding Weng Guoping Yin Xiaohao Zhang Xinjun Liu Jingying Ye Jiadao Wang Huichan Zhao department of Mechanical engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China beijing Huakang Tongbang Technology Company Beijing 102609China department of Otorhinolaryngology Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalSchool of Clinical MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 102218China Tianjin Research Institute for Advanced Equipment Tsinghua UniversityTianjin 300300China

The most widely adopted method for diagnosing respiratory infectious diseases is to conduct polymerase chain reaction(PCR)assays on patients’respiratory specimens,which are collected through either nasal or oropharyngeal *** manual swab sampling process poses a high risk to the examiner and may cause false-negative results owing to improper *** this paper,we propose a pneumatically actuated soft end-effector specifically designed to achieve all of the tasks involved in swab *** soft end-effector utilizes circumferential instability to ensure grasping stability,and exhibits several key properties,including high load-to-weight ratio,error tolerance,and variable swab-tip stiffness,leading to successful automatic robotic oropharyngeal swab sampling,from loosening and tightening the transport medium tube cap,holding the swab,and conducting sampling,to snapping off the swab tail and sterilizing *** an industrial collaborative robotic arm,we integrated the soft end-effector,force sensor,camera,lights,and remote-control stick,and developed a robotic oropharyngeal swab sampling *** this swab sampling system,we conducted oropharyngeal swab-sampling tests on 20 *** Digital PCR assay results(RNase P RNA gene absolute copy numbers for the samples)revealed that our system successfully collected sufficient numbers of cells from the pharyngeal wall for respiratory disease *** summary,we have developed a pharyngeal swab-sampling system based on an“enveloping”soft actuator,studied the sampling process,and imple-mented whole-process robotic oropharyngeal swab-sampling.

关键词： Diagnosis Medical robot Soft end-effector Swab-sampling Digital PCR

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Light-Activated Virtual Sensor Array with Machine Learning for Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Coronary Heart Disease

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第12期16卷 427-448页

作者： Jiawang Hu Hao Qian Sanyang Han Ping Zhang Yuan Lu department of chemical engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China department of Cardiology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053People’s Republic of China department of Cardiology Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalSchool of Clinical MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 102218People’s Republic of China Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health engineering Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China

Early non-invasive diagnosis of coronary heart disease(CHD)is ***,it is challenging to achieve accurate CHD diagnosis via detecting *** this work,heterostructured complexes of black phosphorus(BP)and two-dimensional carbide and nitride(MXene)with high gas sensitivity and photo responsiveness were formulated using a self-assembly strategy.A light-activated virtual sensor array(LAVSA)based on BP/Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx was prepared under photomodulation and further assembled into an instant gas sensing platform(IGSP).In addition,a machine learning(ML)algorithm was introduced to help the IGSP detect and recognize the signals of breath samples to diagnose *** to the synergistic effect of BP and Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx as well as photo excitation,the synthesized heterostructured complexes exhibited higher performance than pristine Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx,with a response value 26%higher than that of pristine Ti_(3)C_(2)*** addition,with the help of a pattern recognition algorithm,LAVSA successfully detected and identified 15 odor molecules affiliated with alcohols,ketones,aldehydes,esters,and ***,with the assistance of ML,the IGSP achieved 69.2%accuracy in detecting the breath odor of 45 volunteers from healthy people and CHD *** conclusion,an immediate,low-cost,and accurate prototype was designed and fabricated for the noninvasive diagnosis of CHD,which provided a generalized solution for diagnosing other diseases and other more complex application scenarios.

关键词： Black phosphorus/MXene heterostructures Light-activated virtual sensor array Diagnosis of coronary heart disease Machine learning

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Large post-liquefaction deformation of sand:Mechanisms and modeling considering water absorption in shearing and seismic wave conditions

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Underground Space 2024年第5期18卷 3-64页

作者： Jian-Min Zhang Rui Wang department of Hydraulic engineering State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Large deformation of sand due to soil liquefaction is a major cause for seismic *** this study,the mechanisms and modeling of large post-liquefaction deformation of sand considering the significant influence of water absorption in shearing and seismic wave *** of case histories from past earthquakes and review of existing studies highlight the importance of the two *** on the micro and macro scale mechanisms for post-liquefaction shear deformation,the mechanism for water absorption in shearing after initial liquefaction is *** is aided by novel designed constant water-absorption-rate shear *** absorption in shearing can be classified into three types,including partial water absorption,complete water absorption,and compulsory water *** the influence of water absorption in shearing,even a strongly dilative sand under naturally drained conditions could experience instability and large shear *** mechanism for amplification of post-liquefaction deformation under surface wave load is also explained via element tests and theoretical *** shows that surface wave–shear wave coupling can induce asymmetrical force and resistance in sand,resulting in asymmetrical accumulation of deformation,which is amplified by liquefaction.A constitutive model,referred to as CycLiq,is formulated to capture the large deformation of sand considering water absorption in shearing and seismic wave conditions,along with its numerical implementation *** model is comprehensively calibrated based on various types of element tests and validated against centrifuge shaking table tests in the liquefaction experiments and analysis projects(LEAP).The model,along with various numerical analysis methods,is adopted in the successful simulation of water absorption in shearing and Rayleigh wave-shear wave coupling induced large liquefaction ***,the model is applied to high-performance simulation fo

关键词： Liquefaction Sand Large deformation Water absorption in shearing Surface wave Rayleigh wave-shear wave coupling

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Matched Volterra reduced-order model for an airfoil undergoing periodic translation

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第1期37卷 19-23页

作者： Lianrui NIE Ziniu WU department of engineering Mechanics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

This paper is devoted to application of the Reduced-Order Model(ROM)based on Volterra series to prediction of lift and drag forces due to airfoil periodic translation in transonic flow *** there is large amplitude oscillation of the relative Mach number,as appeared in helicopter rotor movement in forward flight,the conventional Volterra ROM is found to be *** cover such applications,a matched Volterra ROM,inspired from previous multistep nonlinear indicial response method based on Duhamel integration,is thus considered,in which the step motions are defined inside a number of equal intervals with both positive and negative step motions to match the airfoil forward and backward movement,and the kernel functions are constructed independently at each *** shows that,at least for the translation movement considered,this matched Volterra ROM greatly improves the accuracy of ***,the matched Volterra ROM,with the total number of step motions and thus the computational cost close to those of the conventional Volterra ROM method,has the additional advantage that the same set of kernels can match various translation motions with different starting conditions so the kernels can be predesigned without knowing the specific motion of airfoil.

关键词： Airfoil periodic translation Lift and drag Reduced-order model Transonic flow Unsteady flow

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Preface to the Special Issue in Celebration of Professor Shouwen Yu’s 85th Birthday

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第3期37卷 361-362页

作者： Xi-Qiao Feng Qunyang Li department of engineering Mechanics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Shouwen Yu,Emeritus Professor of Applied Mechanics at tsinghua university,was born on May 4,1939 in Xianyou County,Fujian Province,*** pursued his undergraduate studies from 1955 to 1958 in the department of Civil Str... 详细信息

关键词： Fujian Preface pursue

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Normalized glandular dose coefficients for digital breast tomosynthesis using detailed Chinese breast models

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 42-59页

作者： Jia-Hao Wang Rui Qiu An-Kang Hu Ye-Qi Liu Zhen Wu Hui Zhang Jun-Li Li department of engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Joint Institute of tsinghua university Nuctech Company Limited BeijingBeijing 100084China

The rise in breast cancer diagnoses among Chinese women has necessitated the use of X-ray breast screening,which carries a radiation *** study aimed to provide a dosimetry protocol for the Chinese female population to replace the traditional standard that utilizes simplified breast models,for the accurate estimation of the mean glandular dose of a patient undergoing digital breast tomosynthesis(DBT).The first set of detailed Chinese female breast models and representative breast parameters was *** backscatter radiation and computational efficiency,we improved the combination of these models and the Chinese reference adult female whole-body voxel *** acquisition for four commercial DBT systems that are widely employed in China was simulated using the Monte Carlo method to obtain the normalized glandular dose coefficients of DBT(D_(gN)^(DBT))and the glandular depth dose(D_(g)^(dep)(z))for different breast characteristics and X-ray *** calculated a series of D_(gN)^(DBT) values for breasts with different percentage mass glandularities(5%,25%,50%,75%,and 100%)and compressed breast thicknesses(2,3,4,5,6,and 7 cm)at various tube potentials(25,28,30,32,35,and 49 kV)and target/filter combinations(W/Rh,W/Al,Mo/Mo,Rh/Rh,and Rh/Ag).The parameter dependence of the breast characteristics and beam conditions on D_(gN)^(DBT) in detailed breast models was *** D_(gN)^(DBT) results were 14.6-51.0%lower than those of the traditional dosimetry standard in *** difference in D_(gN)^(DBT) was mainly due to a decrease in the depth of the main energy deposition area caused by the glandular distribution along the depth *** results obtained in this study may be used to improve breast dosimetry in China and provide more detailed information on risk assessment during DBT.

关键词： Digital breast tomosynthesis Normalized glandular dose coefficients Detailed breast model Monte Carlo simulation

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