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Strategies for flame-retardant polymer electrolytes for safe lithiumbased batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8754-8771页

作者： Xiao Ma Yang Lu Yu Ou Shuaishuai Yan Wenhui Hou Pan Zhou Kai Liu department of chemical engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The advancement of lithium-based batteries has spurred anticipation for enhanced energy density,extended cycle life and reduced capacity ***,these benefits are accompanied by potential risks,such as thermal runaway and explosions due to higher energy ***,liquid organic electrolytes are the predominant choice for lithium batteries,despite their limitations in terms of mechanical strength and vulnerability to *** development of polymer electrolytes,with their high Young’s modulus and enhanced safety features,offers a potential solution to the drawbacks of traditional liquid *** these advantages,polymer electrolytes are still susceptible to burning and *** address this issue,researchers have conducted extensive studies to improve their flame-retardant properties from various *** review provides a concise overview of the thermal runaway mechanisms,flame-retardant mechanisms and electrochemical performance of polymer *** also outlines the advancements in flame-retardant polymer electrolytes through the incorporation of various additives and the selection of inherently flame-retardant *** review aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of flame-retardant polymer electrolytes and serve as a guide for future research in this field.

关键词： lithium batteries polymer electrolyte thermal runaway flame-retardant additives energy storage materials

When mRNA meets gene editing

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7337-7356页

作者： Weijie Li Chen Wang Yuan Lu Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationDepartment of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China department of chemical engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The critical challenge of gene therapy lies in delivering gene editing *** with DNA,while RNA is less stable and more accessible to degrade,it comes with the benefit of lower off-target effects since permanent insertion is not *** review focuses on mRNA-based delivery of gene editing agents,highlighting novel mRNA delivery *** provide context,a comparison is made between three main gene editing agents:programmable nucleases,base editors,and prime *** potential of Cas\pi and transposons is also discussed in this ***,a summary of four main barriers to mRNAbased in vivo delivery is ***,this review detailedly introduced different delivery systems,both viral(lentivirus)and non-viral vectors(genome editing via oviductal nucleic acids delivery,lipid nanoparticles,polymer-based nanoparticles,viruslike-particles,extracellular vesicles,and migrasome).Each delivery strategy is assessed by comparing its advantages and disadvantages to offer a comprehensive and objective overview of the delivery ***,we emphasized the vital role of the protein corona as a critical regulator for ***,we concluded the challenges of mRNA-based gene editing strategies(RNA stability,targeting,potential immunogenicity,cytotoxicity,heterogeneity,and rational design).The purpose of this review is to guide further research and provide a comprehensive analysis of mRNA-based in vivo delivery of gene editing agents in this promising field.

关键词： gene editing mRNA delivery viral vectors non-viral vectors CRISPR

Microfluidic-oriented synthesis of enriched iridium nanodots/carbon architecture for robust electrocatalytic nitrogen fixation

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第3期9卷 544-555页

作者： Hengyuan Liu Xingjiang Wu Yuhao Geng Xin Li Jianhong Xu The State Key Laboratory of chemical engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)is considered as a promising candidate to achieve ammonia synthesis because of clean electric energy,moderate reaction condition,safe operating process and harmless ***,the chemical inertness of nitrogen and poor activated capacity on catalyst surface usually produce low ammonia yield and faradic ***,the microfluidic technology is proposed to efficiently fabricate enriched iridium nanodots/carbon *** to in-situ co-precipitation reaction and microfluidic manipulation,the iridium nanodots/carbon nanomaterials possess small average size,uniform dispersion,high conductivity and abundant active sites,producing good proton activation and rapid electrons transmission and moderate adsorption/desorption *** a result,the as-prepared iridium nanodots/carbon nanomaterials realize large ammonia yield of 28.73 μg h^(-1) cm^(-2) and faradic efficiency of 9.14%in KOH ***,the high ammonia yield of 11.21 μg h^(-1) cm^(-2) and faradic efficiency of 24.30%are also achieved in H_(2)SO_(4) *** microfluidic method provides a reference for large-scale fabrication of nano-sized catalyst materials,which may accelerate the progress of electrocatalytic NRR in industrialization field.

关键词： Iridium nanodots Carbon Microfluidic technology Efficient synthesis Electrocatalytic nitrogen fixation

Novel self-assembled porous yolk-shell NiO nanospheres with excellent electrochromic performance for smart windows

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 72-80页

作者： Baoshun Wang Ya Huang Siming Zhao Run Li Di Gao Hairong Jiang Rufan Zhang beijing Key Laboratory of Green chemical Reaction engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

With the rapid development of optoelectronics,electrochromic(EC)materials(ECMs)with the advan-tages of low power consumption,easy viewing,high contrast ratio,etc have attached more and more attention from the fields of smart windows,electronic billboards,emerging wearable and portable electronics,and other next-generation *** oxide(NiO)is a promising candidate for high-performance ECMs because of its neutral-colored states and low ***,NiO-based ECMs still face the problem of slow switching speed due to their low electrical conductivity and small lattice ***-organic frameworks(MOFs)are promising candidates to fabricate hollow and porous transition metal oxides(TMOs)with high ion transport efficiency,excellent specific capacitance,and electrochemical *** this work,porous yolk-shell NiO nanospheres(PYS-NiO NSs)were syn-thesized via a solvothermal and subsequent calcination process of Ni-MOF,which exhibited outstanding EC *** the large specific surface areas and hollow porous nanostructures were conducive to ionic transport,PYS-NiO NSs exhibited a fast coloring/bleaching speed(3.6/3.9 s per one coloring/bleaching cycle)and excellent cycling stability(82%of capacity retention after 3000 cycles).These superior EC properties indicated that the PYS-NiO NSs was a promising candidate for high-performance EC *** work provides a new and feasible strategy for the efficient preparation of TMOs ECMs with good EC performance,especially fast switching speed.

关键词： Electrochromic Nickel oxide Metal-organic frameworks Hollow structure Smart windows

Evaluation and application of kinetic models for Cu-catalyzed acetylene hydrochlorination

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Chinese Journal of chemical engineering 2024年第8期72卷 209-219页

作者： Tianxiao Huang Binhang Yan department of chemical engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The development of environmentally friendly catalysts has become a top priority for acetylene ***,difficulties remain in systematic studies on the applicability of kinetic models for the industrialization of Cu-based ***,a strategy involving reactor modeling,parameter estimation,and model testing is developed to evaluate the predictive ability of kinetic *** order to search for reliable and widely applicable reaction kinetic models for Cu-based catalysts,a case study is *** possible kinetic models derived from the power law,adsorption mechanism,and reaction path are sifted through collecting and testing activity data from tens of Cu-based *** optimum applicable ranges of these kinetic models are *** to the comparative analysis on their applications in various industrial scenarios,this research suggests that kinetic models derived from reaction path exhibits the best extrapolation ability and has the greatest potential for application in the scale-up design of reactors.

关键词： Acetylene hydrochlorination Cu-based catalysts Reaction kinetics Model Reactors

Machine learning for membrane design and discovery

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第1期9卷 54-70页

作者： Haoyu Yin Muzi Xu Zhiyao Luo Xiaotian Bi Jiali Li Sui Zhang Xiaonan Wang department of chemical engineering Tsinghua University100084BeijingChina School of Materials Science&engineering Tsinghua University100084BeijingChina department of chemical and Biomolecular engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore117576Singapore

Membrane technologies are becoming increasingly versatile and helpful today for sustainable *** Learning(ML),an essential branch of artiﬁcial intelligence(AI),has substantially impacted the research and development norm of new materials for energy and *** review provides an overview and perspectives on ML methodologies and their applications in membrane design and dis-covery.A brief overview of membrane technologies isﬁrst provided with the current bottlenecks and potential *** an appli-cations-based perspective of AI-aided membrane design and discovery,we further show how ML strategies are applied to the membrane discovery cycle(including membrane material design,membrane application,membrane process design,and knowledge extraction),in various membrane systems,ranging from gas,liquid,and fuel cell separation ***,the best practices of integrating ML methods and speciﬁc application targets in membrane design and discovery are presented with an ideal paradigm *** challenges to be addressed and prospects of AI applications in membrane discovery are also highlighted in the end.

关键词： Machine learning Membranes AI for Membrane Data-driven Design

A simple photochemical method for surface fluorination using perfluoroketones

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Chinese chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 254-258页

作者： Zhiwei Zhong Yanbin Huang Wantai Yang department of chemical engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Surface fluorination of conventional polymers can give them desirable surface properties similar to the expensive and difficult-to-process ***,traditional surface fluorination techniques often require toxic reagents and special ***,we report a simple and effective polymer surface fluorination method by using safe and inexpensive perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone(PFMP,C_(2)F_(5)C(=O)CF(CF_(3))_(2))and UV *** method is applicable to various polymer materials,and generates nanometer-thick fluorinated layer on the outermost surface,significantly changing their surface properties without changing the surface morphology.

关键词： Surface fluorination Perfluoroketone UV irradiation Photochemistry Surface free energy

Recent advances in the microfluidic generation of shape-controllable hydrogel microparticles and their applications

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Green chemical engineering 2024年第1期5卷 16-30页

作者： Yingzhe Liu Zhuo Chen Jianhong Xu The State Key Lab of chemical engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Hydrogel microparticles,generally accepted as significant green materials,have been widely used in chemical,biological,and biomedical fields owing to their excellent biocompatibility,biodegradability,and *** these,non-spherical hydrogel microparticles with diverse shape anisotropy have great potential in applications such as drug delivery,cellular interaction,micromotors,*** from their shapes,their functionalities in such fields cannot be satisfied by the typical spherical ***,microfluidics with precise control and domination of fluids at microflow sizes has emerged as a powerful method for synthesizing shape-controllable hydrogel microparticles with good monodispersity and unique *** this review,we tried to provide an overview of the production of non-spherical microparticles composed of green hydrogel materials,emphasizing the microfluidic ***,a brief introduction to their current applications is also presented.

关键词： Microfluidics Hydrogel Microparticles Non-spherical Anisotropic Green materials

Descriptor-augmented machine learning for enzyme-chemical interaction predictions

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第2期9卷 259-268页

作者： Yilei Han Haoye Zhang Zheni Zeng Zhiyuan Liu Diannan Lu Zheng Liu department of chemical engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Descriptors play a pivotal role in enzyme design for the greener synthesis of biochemicals,as they could characterize enzymes and chemicals from the physicochemical and evolutionary *** study examined the effects of various descriptors on the performance of Random Forest model used for enzyme-chemical relationships *** curated activity data of seven specific enzyme families from the literature and developed the pipeline for evaluation the machine learning model performance using 10-fold *** influence of protein and chemical descriptors was assessed in three scenarios,which were predicting the activity of unknown relations between known enzymes and known chemicals(new relationship evaluation),predicting the activity of novel enzymes on known chemicals(new enzyme evaluation),and predicting the activity of new chemicals on known enzymes(new chemical evaluation).The results showed that protein descriptors significantly enhanced the classification performance of model on new enzyme evaluation in three out of the seven datasets with the greatest number of enzymes,whereas chemical descriptors appear no effect.A variety of sequence-based and structure-based protein descriptors were constructed,among which the esm-2 descriptor achieved the best *** enzyme families as labels showed that descriptors could cluster proteins well,which could explain the contributions of descriptors to the machine learning *** a counterpart,in the new chemical evaluation,chemical descriptors made significant improvement in four out of the seven datasets,while protein descriptors appear no *** attempted to evaluate the generalization ability of the model by correlating the statistics of the datasets with the performance of the *** results showed that datasets with higher sequence similarity were more likely to get better results in the new enzyme evaluation and datasets with more enzymes were more likely beneficial from the protein

关键词： Enzyme-substrate interaction Enzyme design Machine learning Descriptor