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cancer Communications 2024年第2期44卷 278-281页

作者： Tiantian Guo Yue Zhou Fei Liang Zezhou Wang Vincent Bourbonne Lukas Käsmann Nora Sundahl Abraham Jing-Ching Wu Jianjiao Ni Zhengfei Zhu department of Radiation Oncology Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiP.R.China department of Oncology Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology ShanghaiP.R.China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology ShanghaiP.R.China department of biostatistics Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China department of cancer Prevention Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiP.R.China Radiation Oncology department University HospitalBrestFrance department of Radiation Oncology University HospitalLMU MunichMunichGermany department of Radiation Oncology AZ GroeningeKortrijkBelgium department of Radiation Oncology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Institute of Thoracic Oncology Fudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China

Dear Editor:Brain metastasis(BM)has long been recognized as a prognostic factor associated with poor prognosis for non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)in the era of con-ventional chemotherapy and targeted therapy[1].In the era of immunotherapy,controversial findings have been reported regarding the prognostic significance of BM in patients with NSCLC treated with programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1)inhibitors.

关键词： chemotherapy NSCLC metastasis death

Elevated cardiovascular risk and acute events in hospitalized colon cancer survivors:A decade-apart study of two nationwide cohorts

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第4期15卷 548-553页

作者： Rupak Desai Avilash Mondal Vivek Patel Sandeep Singh Shaylika Chauhan Akhil Jain Independent Researcher AtlantaGA 30079United States department of Internal Medicine Nazareth HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19152United States department of Clinical epidemiology Biostatistics and Bio-informaticsAmsterdam UMCAmsterdam 7057Netherlands department of Internal Medicine Geisinger Health SystemWikes-BarrePA 18702United States Division of Leukemia The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77079United States

BACKGROUND Over the years,strides in colon cancer detection and treatment have boosted survival rates;yet,post-colon cancer survival entails cardiovascular disease(CVD)risks.Research on CVD risks and acute cardiovascular events in colorectal cancer survivors has been limited.AIM To compare the CVD risk and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in current colon cancer survivors compared to a decade ago.METHODS We analyzed 2007 and 2017 hospitalization data from the National Inpatient Sample,studying two colon cancer survivor groups for CVD risk factors,mortality rates,and major adverse events like pulmonary embolism,arrhythmia,cardiac arrest,and stroke,adjusting for confounders via multivariable regression analysis.RESULTS Of total colon cancer survivors hospitalized in 2007(n=177542)and 2017(n=178325),the 2017 cohort often consisted of younger(76 vs 77 years),male,African-American,and Hispanic patients admitted non-electively vs the 2007 cohort.Furthermore,the 2017 cohort had higher rates of smoking,alcohol abuse,drug abuse,coagulopathy,liver disease,weight loss,and renal failure.Patients in the 2017 cohort also had higher rates of cardiovascular comorbidities,including hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,obesity,peripheral vascular disease,congestive heart failure,and at least one traditional CVD(Pcancer survivors hospitalized 10 years apart in the United States showed an increased CVD risk with an increased risk of acute cardiovascular events(stroke 28%,PE 47%,arrhythmia 41%,and cardiac arrest 63%).It is vital to regularly screen colon can

关键词： Colon cancer Colorectal cancer Cardiovascular diseases Cardiovascular disease risk Cardiac events Stroke

The burden of depression,anxiety and schizophrenia among the older population in ageing and aged countries:an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 83-93页

作者： Ying Cheng Yu Fang Jinxin Zheng shiyang Guan Meiti Wang Wu Hong Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina department of Nephrology Rujin HospitalInstitute of NephrologyInstitute of NephrologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina department of epidemiology and biostatistics School of Public HealthAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina

Background Depression,anxiety and schizophrenia among older persons have become global public health challenges.However,the burden of these disorders in ageing and aged countries has not been analysed.Aims To investigate the burden of depression,anxiety and schizophrenia among older adults in ageing and aged countries.Methods Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019,we calculated the estimated annual percentage change(EAPC)in the age-standardised incidence rates(ASiR)and age-standardised disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)rates(ASDR)for depression,anxiety and schizophrenia of older people in ageing countries(China,India,Indonesia)and aged countries(Japan,Italy,Portugal)between 1990 and 2019.Trends in incidence and DALYs were analysed by gender and age.Results In 2019,the highest incidence of depression,anxiety and schizophrenia in the older population in aged countries was in Japan(927271.3(752552.3-1125796.5),51498.2(37625.7-70487.3)and 126.0(61.0-223.2),respectively),while the highest incidence in ageing countries was in China(5797556.9(4599403.4-7133006.5),330256.1(246448.9-445987.4)and 1067.7(556.2-1775.9),respectively).DALYs for these disorders were similar,with the highest in Japan and China.From 1990 to 2019,the ASIR for depressive disorders decreased in aged countries but increased in ageing countries;the ASIR for anxiety disorders and schizophrenia declined in both ageing and aged countries.The ASDR for depressive disorders was consistent with the ASIR but not for anxiety disorders and schizophrenia.The ASIR for depressive disorders was higher in older women,while the opposite was observed in anxiety disorders and schizophrenia.Notably,the conditions of burden of depressive disorders,anxiety disorders and schizophrenia in the 65-70-year-old age group were the most burdensome.Conclusions The incidence and DALYs of these three mental disorders increased while exhibiting differences between ageing and aged countries.Raising awareness about formulating health policies for preventing and trea

关键词： schizophrenia burden ageing

Network analyses:Inhibition of androgen receptor signaling reduces inflammation in the lung through AR-MAF-IL6 signaling axes

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 140-143页

作者： Albert R.Wang Andrew M.Baschnagel Zijian Ni Sean R.Brennan Hypatia K.Newton Darya Buehler Christina Kendziorski Randall J.Kimple Gopal lyer department of Human Oncology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53705USA University of Wisconsin Carbone cancer Center MadisonWI 53705USA department of biostatistics and Medical Informatics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA department of Biology Tufts UniversityMedfordMA 02155USA department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA

Androgen receptor(AR)is a major transcription factor that plays a role in inflammatory response including interleukin-6(IL6)signaling.1 While AR regulation through paracrine loop signaling in prostate tissue is well-studied,its impact through an IL6 autocrine loop in the lung has not been wellstudied despite the organ's response to respiratory viral infection.Chemical inhibition and RNA knockdown of AR identified a bZIP transcription factor MAF to be a common target of inflammation using these perturbations in lung cells.

关键词： inflammation lung respiratory

Assessment of disability weights at the provincial and city levels based on 93,254 respondents in Fujian, China: Findings from the Fujian disability weight measurement study

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第11期137卷 1375-1377页

作者： Huang Shaofen Lin Xiuquan Yin Peng Yin Yanrong Zhou Maigeng Qi Jinlei Yu Chuanhua Chen Tiehui Zhong Wenling Institute for Endemic and Chronic and Non-communicable Diseases Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Fuzhou Fujian China department of epidemiology and Health Statistics The School of Public Health Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian China National Center for Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China department of epidemiology and biostatistics School of Public Health Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei China

Development,validation,and transportability of several machine-learned,non-exercise-based VO_(2max)prediction models for older adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 611-620页

作者： Benjamin T.Schumacher Michael J.LaMonte Andrea Z.LaCroix Eleanor M.Simonsick Steven P.Hooker Humberto Parada Jr. John Bellettiere Arun Kumar Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA department of epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14214USA Translational Gerontology Branch Intramural Research ProgramNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMD 21225USA College of Health and Human Services San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA Division of epidemiology and biostatistics School of Public HealthSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA University of California San Diego Moores cancer Center La JollaCA 92093USA Computer Science and Engineering and Halicioglu Data Science Institute University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Background:There exist few maximal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))non-exercise-based prediction equations,fewer using machine learning(ML),and none specifically for older adults.Since direct measurement of VO_(2max)is infeasible in large epidemiologic cohort studies,we sought to develop,validate,compare,and assess the transportability of several ML VO_(2max)prediction algorithms.Methods:The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging(BLSA)participants with valid VO2_(max)tests were included(n=1080).Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine(SVM)algorithms were trained to predict VO_(2max)values.We developed these algorithms for:(a)the overall BLSA,(b)by sex,(c)using all BLSA variables,and(d)variables common in aging cohorts.Finally,we quantified the associations between measured and predicted VO_(2max)and mortality.Results:The age was 69.0±10.4 years(mean±SD)and the measured VO_(2max)was 21.6±5.9 mL/kg/min.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine yielded root mean squared errors of 3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,and 3.5 mL/kg/min,respectively.Incremental quartiles of measured VO_(2max)showed an inverse gradient in mortality risk.Predicted VO_(2max)variables yielded similar effect estimates but were not robust to adjustment.Conclusion:Measured VO_(2max)is a strong predictor of mortality.Using ML can improve the accuracy of prediction as compared to simpler approaches but estimates of association with mortality remain sensitive to adjustment.Future studies should seek to reproduce these results so that VO_(2max),an important vital sign,can be more broadly studied as a modifiable target for promoting functional resiliency and healthy aging.

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Prediction algorithms epidemiology Mortality

Bidirectional relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease:Prospective cohort study and genetic analyses

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第5期137卷 577-587页

作者： Wenqiang Zhang Li Zhang Chenghan Xiao Xueyao Wu Huijie Cui Chao Yang Peijing Yan Mingshuang Tang Yutong Wang Lin Chen Yunjie Liu Yanqiu Zou Ling Zhang Chunxia Yang Yuqin Yao Jiayuan Li Zhenmi Liu Xia Jiang Ben Zhang department of epidemiology and biostatistics Institute of Systems EpidemiologyWest China-Peking Union Medical College C.C.Chen Institute of HealthWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China department of Maternal Child and Adolescent HealthWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China department of Iatrical Polymer Material and Artificial Apparatus School of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China department of Occupational and Environmental Health West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstitutetStockholm 17177Sweden

Background:While type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is considered a putative causal risk factor for coronary artery disease(CAD),the intrinsic link underlying T2DM and CAD is not fully understood.We aimed to highlight the importance of integrated care targeting both diseases by investigating the phenotypic and genetic relationships between T2DM and CAD.Methods:We evaluated phenotypic associations using data from the United Kingdom Biobank(N=472,050).We investigated genetic relationships by leveraging genomic data conducted in European ancestry for T2DM,with and without adjustment for body mass index(BMI)(T2DM:N_(case)/N_(control)=74,124/824,006;T2DM adjusted for BMI[T2DM_(adj)BMI]:N_(case)/N_(control)=50,409/523,897)and for CAD(N_(case)/N_(control)=181,522/984,168).We performed additional analyses using genomic data conducted in multiancestry individuals for T2DM(N_(case)/N_(control)=180,834/1,159,055).Results:Observational analysis suggested a bidirectional relationship between T2DM and CAD(T2DM→CAD:hazard ratio[HR]=2.12,95%confidence interval[CI]:2.01–2.24;CAD→T2DM:HR=1.72,95%CI:1.63–1.81).A positive overall genetic correlation between T2DM and CAD was observed(r_(g)=0.39,P=1.43×10^(-75)),which was largely independent of BMI(T2DM_(adj)BMI–CAD:r_(g)=0.31,P=1.20×10^(–36)).This was corroborated by six local signals,among which 9p21.3 showed the strongest genetic correlation.Cross-trait meta-analysis replicated 101 previously reported loci and discovered six novel pleiotropic loci.Mendelian randomization analysis supported a bidirectional causal relationship(T2DM→CAD:odds ratio[OR]=1.13,95%CI:1.11-1.16;CAD→T2DM:OR=1.12,95%CI:1.07-1.18),which was confirmed in multiancestry individuals(T2DM→CAD:OR=1.13,95%CI:1.10-1.16;CAD→T2DM:OR=1.08,95%CI:1.04-1.13).This bidirectional relationship was significantly mediated by systolic blood pressure and intake of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors,with mediation proportions of 54.1%(95%CI:24.9-83.4%)and 90.4%(95%CI:29.3-151.5%),respectively.Conclusion:Our observ

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Coronary artery disease Phenotypic association Genetic correlation Mendelian randomization

Associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported physical activity and sedentary behavior with skeletal muscle energetics:The Study of Muscle,Mobility and Aging(SOMMA)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 621-630页

作者： Yujia(Susanna)Qiao Terri L.Blackwell Peggy M.Cawthon Paul M.Coen Steven R.Cummings Giovanna Distefano Samaneh Farsijani Daniel E.Forman Bret H.Goodpaster Stephen B.Kritchevsky Theresa Mau Frederico G.S.Toledo Anne B.Newman Nancy W.Glynn department of epidemiology School of Public HealthUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA San Francisco Coordinating Center California Pacific Medical Center Research InstituteSan FranciscoCA 94143USA department of epidemiology and biostatistics University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA Translational Research Institute AdventHealthOrlandoFL 32804USA department of Medicine(Geriatrics and Cardiology) University of Pittsburghand GeriatricsResearchEducationand Clinical Center(GRECC)VA Pittsburgh Healthcare SystemPittsburghPA 15261USA department of Internal Medicine Section on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27109USA Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Background:Skeletal muscle energetics decline with age,and physical activity(PA)has been shown to offset these declines in older adults.Yet,many studies reporting these effects were based on self-reported PA or structured exercise interventions.Therefore,we examined the associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported PA and sedentary behavior(SB)with skeletal muscle energetics and explored the extent to which PA and sedentary behavior would attenuate the associations of age with muscle energetics.Methods:As part of the Study of Muscle,Mobility and Aging,enrolled older adults(n=879),810(age=76.4±5.0 years old,mean±SD;58%women)had maximal muscle oxidative capacity measured ex vivo via high-resolution re spirometry of permeabilized myofibers(maximal oxidative phosphorylation(maxOXPHOS))and in vivo by ^(31)phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy(maximal adenosine triphosphate(ATP_(max))).Accelerometry-measured sedentary behavior,light activity,and moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)were assessed using a wrist-worn ActiGraph GT9X over 7 days.Self-reported sedentary behavior,MVPA,and all PA were assessed with the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors(CHAMPS)questionnaire.Linear regression models with progressive covariate adjustments evaluated the associations of sedentary behavior and PA with muscle energetics,as well as the attenuation of the age/muscle energetics association by MVP A and sedentary behavior.As a sensitivity analysis,we also examined activPAL-measured daily step count and time spent in sedentary behavior and their associations with muscle energetics.Results:Every 30 min/day more of ActiGraph-measured MVPA was associated with 0.65 pmol/(s×mg)higher maxOXPHOS and 0.012 mM/s higher ATP_(max)after adjusting for age,site/technician,and sex(p<0.05).Light activity was not associated with maxOXPHOS or ATP_(max).Meanwhile,every 30 min/day spent in ActiGraph-measured sedentary behavior was associated with 0.39 pmol/s×mg lower maxOXPHOS and0.006 mM/s lower ATP_(max)(p<0.05).Only associatio

关键词： Aging Exercise Mitochondria

Prevalence of Anemia in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期37卷 96-107页

作者： Monireh Faghir-Ganji Narjes Abdolmohammadi Maryam Nikbina Alireza Amanollahi Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam Rozhan Khezri Hamidreza Baradaran Student Research Committee Iran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran department of epidemiology School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran department of epidemiology School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran department of Midwifery Shoushtar Faculty of Medical SciencesShoushtarIran department of epidemiology School of Public Health and SafetyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Trauma and Injury Research Center Iran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Health Promotion Research Center Zahedan University of Medical SciencesZahedanIran Endocrine Research Center Institute of Endocrinology and MetabolismIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran

Objective Anemia is a common public health concern in patients with type 2 diabetes worldwide.This study aimed to identify the prevalence of anemia among patients with diabetes.Methods Electronic databases,including PubMed,Scopus,Web of Sciences,and Google Scholar,were searched systematically for studies published between 2010 and 2021.After removing duplicates and inappropriate reports,the remaining manuscripts were reviewed and appraised using theNewcastleOttawa Scale(NOS)tool.A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled estimates of the extracted data using Stata version 17.Heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using the Q statistic.Results A total of 51 articles containing information on 26,485 patients with diabetes were included in this study.The articles were mainly from Asia(58.82%)and Africa(35.29%).The overall prevalence of anemia was 35.45%(95%CI:30.30–40.76),with no evidence of heterogeneity by sex.Among the two continents with the highest number of studies,the prevalence of anemia in patients with diabetes was significantly higher in Asia[40.02;95%CI:32.72–47.54]compared to Africa[28.46;95%CI:21.90–35.50](P for heterogeneity=0.029).Moreover,there has been an increasing trend in the prevalence of anemia in patients with diabetes over time,from[15.28;95%CI:9.83–22.21]in 2012 to[40.70;95%CI:10.21–75.93]in 2022.Conclusion Globally,approximately 4 in 10 patients with diabetes suffer from anemia.Therefore,routine anemia screening and control programs every 3 months might be useful in improving the quality of life of these patients.

关键词： Prevalence Diabetic foot Anemia Diabetes mellitus

Exclusive breastfeeding greater than 50%, success of education in a university hospital in Bogotá: Case-control study

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第1期13卷 23-30页

作者： Marcela Murillo Galvis Sofia Ortegon Ochoa Clara Eugenia Plata García Maria Paula Valderrama Junca Dayanna Alejandra Inga Ceballos Daniel Mauricio Mora Gómez Claudia M Granados Martin Rondón department of Pediatrics Hospital Universitario San IgnacioBogotá110111Colombia department of Clinical epidemiology and biostatistics Pontifica Universidad JaverianaBogotá110111Colombia

BACKGROUND Maintenance rates of exclusive breastfeeding(EBF)worldwide are low,thus,one of the objectives of the summary of policies on breastfeeding(BF)in world nutrition goals for 2025 are that at least 50%of infants under six months of age receive EBF that year.The Objective of this study is to document the rates of EBF in children born in San Ignacio University Hospital(HUSI)and identify factors associated with maintenance.AIM To document the percentages of EBF in those that were born at HUSI and identify factors associated to their maintenance.METHODS This is a study of cases and controls in an analytic,retrospective cohort that took children born alive between January 2016 and January 2019 at HUSI located in the city of Bogotá,Colombia.RESULTS Receiving information about BF at HUSI was able to maintain EBF up until 4 mo(OR=1.65;95%CI:1.02-2.66).The presence of gynecologic and obstetric comorbidities(OR=0.32;95%CI:0.12-0.83),having mastitis(OR=0.56;95%CI:0.33-0.94),and receiving information from mass media(OR=0.52;95%CI:0.31-0.84)are factors associated with not maintaining EBF.CONCLUSION Receiving education at a Women-and Child-Friendly Institution was the only significant factor to achieve EBF until 4 mo,with a frequency greater than the one reported in the country,which matches multiple studies where counseling and individualized support on BF achieve this purpose.Knowledge about BF and early detection of obstetric/gynecologic complications must be strengthened among the healthcare staff in charge of mothers during post-partum.Additionally,strategies must be promoted to continue BF such as creating milk banks with the objective of increasing BF rates even when mothers return to work.

关键词： Breastfeeding Women-and Child-Friendly Institutional Strategy Strategies Adherence Education