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Fecal markers of inflammation used as surrogate markers for treatment outcome in relapsing inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第36期14卷 5584-5589页

作者： Michael Wagner Christer GB Peterson Peter Ridefelt Per Sangfelt Marie Carlson department of Medical Sciences Gastroenterology Research Group University Hospital SE-751 85 Uppsala Sweden department of Medical Sciences Clinical Chemistry University Hospital SE-751 85 Uppsala Sweden

AIM： To evaluate fecal calprotectin （FC） as a surrogate marker of treatment outcome of relapse of inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） and, to compare FC with fecal myeloperoxidase （MPO） and fecal eosinophil protein X （EPX）. METHODS： Thirty eight patients with IBD, comprising of 27 with ulcerative colitis （UC） and 11 with Crohn＇s disease （CD） were investigated before treatment （inclusion）, and after 4 and 8 wk of treatment. Treatment outcomes were evaluated by clinical features of disease activity and endoscopy in UC patients, and disease activity in CD patients. In addition, fecal samples were analyzed for FC by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, and for MPO and EPX with radioimmunoassay （RIA）. RESULTS： At inclusion 37 of 38 （97%） patients had elevated FC levels （〉 94.7 μg/g）. At the end of the study, 31 of 38 （82%） patients fulfilled predefined criteria of a complete response IUC 21/27 （78%）; CD 10/11 （91%）]. Overall, a normalised FC level at the end of the study predicted a complete response in 100% patients, whereas elevated FC level predicted incomplete response in 30%. Normalised MPO or EPX levels predicted a complete response in 100% and 90% of the patients, respectively. However, elevated MPO or EPX levels predicted incomplete response in 23% and 22%, respectively. CONCLUSION： A normalised FC level has the potential to be used as a surrogate marker for successful treatment outcome in IBD patients. However, patients with persistent elevation of FC levels need further evaluation. FC and MPO provide superior discrimination than EPX in IBD treatment outcome.

关键词： Fecal markers Calprotectin Myeloperoxidase Eosinophil protein X treatment Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease

Mapping of decentralised photovoltaic and solar thermal systems by remote sensing aerial imagery and deep machine learning for statistic generation

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 559-577页

作者： Johan Lindahl Robert Johansson David Lingfors Becquerel Sweden AB SE-74142 KnivstaSweden department of Engineering Sciences Uppsala UniversitySE-75121 UppsalaSweden

As a mean to monitor the rapid expansion of the highly decentralized PV market,identifying solar energy systems in aerial imagery by deep machine learning,is a research field that is getting increasing *** general challenge in the field is to create testing data of high quality that are representative of the end-use *** this study we use the open source convolutional neural network developed within the DeepSolar project and apply it in the country of Sweden,for the purpose of generating market statistics,by scanning three complete municipalities for small decentralized photovoltaic and solar thermal *** evaluation of the performance is done against a highly accurate ground truth,which was created by cross-checking the classification results with the inventory of the local distribution system operators and the database of photovoltaic systems that have received a capital subsidy in Sweden,and combining that with physical onsite inspections.A process of generate additional training data and re-training the algorithm after each municipality scan was developed,which suc-cessively improved the accuracy,resulting in that 95%of all detectable photovoltaic,excluding building inte-grated and vertical systems,and 80%of all detectable solar thermal systems were correctly identified in the last municipality *** accurate ground truth allowed a quantification of why some systems are not *** generated dataset of solar energy systems could be connected to existing building and property inventories,which allowed creation of market segment statistics with remarkably high detail information.

关键词： Photovoltaics Solar thermal Aerial imagery Remote sensing Object recognition Convolutional neural networks

LAMINATION OF POLYMER FILMS BY BULK SURFACE PHOTOGRAFTING PROCESS AND PROPERTIES

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2001年第2期19卷 123-127页

作者： B.Rnby 杨万泰 O.N.Tretinnikov V.Tokarev department of Polymer Technology Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden department of Polymer Technology Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden Department of Polymer ScienceBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

A new process for lamination of polymer films by 'bulk surface photografting' has been developed. The chemical component of the invention is that the curing of reactive solution between two substrates is initiated by the surface free radicals produced by aromatic ketones and surface-hydrogen of substrates. Using the new approach, two or more polymer films are bonded together by a grafted polymer network which is grafted to adjacent substrate surfaces. The technique has been applied to film substrates of different polymers such as polyolefins, polyesters, and polyamides which have abstractable hydrogens at the surface. The photolaminated film composites containing carrier films and an intermediate functional film of low permeability give strong laminates with high barrier properties, e.g, for oxygen and air.

关键词： photografting lamination surface graft polymerization photolamination

Conducting Polymer-Based e-Refinery for Sustainable Hydrogen Peroxide Production

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 334-342页

作者： Zhixing Wu Penghui Ding Viktor Gueskine Robert Boyd Eric Daniel G■owacki Magnus Odén Xaνier Crispin Magnus Berggren Emma M.Björk Mikhail Vagin Nanostructured Materials Department of PhysicsChemistry and Biology(IFM)Linköping UniversitySE 58183LinköpingSweden Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology(ITN)Linköping UniversitySE 60174NorrköpingSweden

Electrocatalysis enables the industrial transition to sustainable production of chemicals using abundant precursors and electricity from renewable ***-centralized production of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))from water and oxygen of air is highly desirable for daily life and *** report an effective electrochemical refinery(e-refinery)for H_(2)O_(2)by means of electrocatalysis-controlled comproportionation reaction(2_(H)O+o→2HO),feeding pure water and oxygen *** nickel(Ⅱ)oxide(NiO)was used as electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction(OER),producing oxygen at the *** polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)drove the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),forming H_(2)O_(2)on the *** reactions were evaluated in both half-cell and device *** performance of the H_(2)O_(2)e-refinery,assembled on anion-exchange solid electrolyte and fed with pure water,was limited by the unbalanced ionic *** of the operation conditions allowed a conversion efficiency of 80%.

关键词： conducting polymer hydrogen peroxide nickel(Ⅱ)oxide oxygen evolution reaction oxygen reduction reaction

Organic optoelectronics:materials,devices and applications

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光学精密工程 2005年第5期13卷 525-534页

作者： IAU Yi CUI Tian-hong department of Mechanical Engineering University of Minnesota 111 Church Street SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA

The interest in organic materials for optoelectronic devices has been growing rapidly in the last two decades. This growth has been propelled by the exciting advances in organic thin films for displays, low-cost electronic circuits, etc. An increasing number of products employing organic electronic devices have become commercialized, which has stimulated the age of organic optoelectronics. This paper reviews the recent progress in organic optoelectronic technology. First, organic light emitting electroluminescent materials are introduced. Next, the three kinds of most important organic optoelectronic devices are summarized, including light emitting diode, organic photovoltaic cell, and photodetectors. The various applications of these devices are also reviewed and discussed in detail. Finally, the market and future development of optoelectronic devices are also demonstrated.

关键词：光电子学 OLED PPV 显示器电路

Modeling and scale analysis of gaseous fuel reactors in chemical looping combustion systems

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Particuology 2017年第6期15卷 31-41页

作者： Jesper Aronsson David Pallares Anders Lyngfelt Division of Energy Technology Department of Energy and Environment Chalmers University of Technology SE-41296 Gothenburg Sweden

This work investigates the scale-up of chemical looping combustion （CLC）, a next-generation technology for carbon capture and storage, to the industrial scale. The study focused on the bottom bed of the unit, which was considered to be the critical region during scale-up due to the large solids inventory in this zone combined with relatively inefficient gas-solids contact. Two CLC reactors of vastly different sizes （bench and utility scale） were studied to discern their difference related to scale-up via a one-dimensional model. This model considered kinetics that varied with the degree of oxidation and population distribution of the oxygen carriers, the mixing of which accounts for both convective and dispersive transport. The model was validated against bench scale data, and was used to evaluate the performance of a 1000 MWth CLC fuel reactor using either syngas or methane as fuels. sensitivity analyses were also carried out with this model to determine the effects of several parameters on fuel conversion, including solids circulation, oxygen carrier reactivity, bed height, and maximum bubble size. The results show that the mass transfer of gas from bubbles to the emulsion phase represents a significant limiting factor for fuel conversion in the bottom bed of a utility scale fuel reactor.

关键词： Chemical looping combustion semi-empirical modeling Fluidization Up scaling

Deteriorated function of cutaneous microcirculation in chronic congestive heart failure

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2011年第2期8卷 82-87页

作者： Marie-Louise Edvinsson Erik Uddman Sven E Andersson department of Emergency Medicine Lund University Hospital SE- 221 85 LUND Sweden

Background Chronic congestive heart failure is a complex condition that leads to dysfunction in the peripheral microcirculation. We have previously shown that vascular reactivity is reduced with increasing age. In this study, we examined a group of very old patients with severe chronic heart failure to test the hypothesis that vascular function is further compromised by a combination of heart failure and aging. Methods Cutaneous forearm blood flow was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry and compared among three groups： Group 1 （n = 20, mean ±se： 85.5 ±4 years）, heart failure patients with New York Heart Association class Ⅳ （NYHA Ⅳ） and with a NT-proBNP level ≥5000 ng/L; Group 2 （n = 15, mean ±se： 76.5 ±2 years）, heart failure patients with NYHA II and NT-proBNP ≤2000 ng/L, and Group 3 （n = 10, mean ±se： 67.6 ±3.0 years）, healthy controls with no clinical signs of heart failure. The vasodilator response to the iontophoretic administration of acetylcholine （ACh）, acting via an endothelial mechanism, and sodium nitroprusside （SNP）, acting via a smooth muscle cell mechanism, were studied. Results All patients with heart failure had significantly reduced vascular reactivity independent of the mode of stimulation （ACh, SNP or heat） when compared to healthy controls. However, the responses did not differ between the two groups of heart failure patients. Conclusions Cutaneous vascular reactivity is reduced in heart failure patients and does not correlate with the severity of the condition or age of patients.

关键词： heart failure cutaneous microcirculation endothelial responses acetylcholine smooth muscle responses

WEAK APPROXIMATION OF OBLIQUELY REFLECTED DIFFUSIONS IN TIME-DEPENDENT DOMAINS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2010年第5期28卷 579-605页

作者： Kaj Nystroem Thomas Oenskog department of Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics Umeae University SE-901 87 Umed Sweden

In an earlier paper, we proved the existence of solutions to the Skorohod problem with oblique reflection in time-dependent domains and, subsequently, applied this result to the problem of constructing solutions, in time-dependent domains, to stochastic differential equations with oblique reflection. In this paper we use these results to construct weak approximations of solutions to stochastic differential equations with oblique reflection, in time-dependent domains in Rd, by means of a projected Euler scheme. We prove that the constructed method has, as is the case for normal reflection and time-independent domains, an order of convergence equal to 1/2 and we evaluate the method empirically by means of two numerical examples. Furthermore, using a well-known extension of the Feynman-Kac formula, to stochastic differential equations with reflection, our method gives, in addition, a Monte Carlo method for solving second order parabolic partial differential equations with Robin boundary conditions in time-dependent domains.

关键词： Stochastic differential equations Oblique reflection Robin boundary condi-tions Skorohod problem Time-dependent domain Weak approximation Monte Carlomethod Parabolic partial differential equations Projected Euler scheme.

FRAME: femtosecond videography for atomic and molecular dynamics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 548-554页

作者： Andreas Ehn Joakim Bood Zheming Li Edouard Berrocal Marcus Aldén Elias Kristensson Division of Combustion Physics Department of PhysicsLund UniversityLund SE-22363Sweden

Many important scientific questions in physics,chemistry and biology require effective methodologies to spectroscopically probe ultrafast intra-and inter-atomic/molecular ***,current methods that extend into the femtosecond regime are capable of only point measurements or single-snapshot visualizations and thus lack the capability to perform ultrafast spectroscopic videography of dynamic single *** we present a laser-probe-based method that enables two-dimensional videography at ultrafast timescales(femtosecond and shorter)of single,non-repetitive *** method is based on superimposing a structural code onto the illumination to encrypt a single event,which is then deciphered in a post-processing *** coding strategy enables laser probing with arbitrary wavelengths/bandwidths to collect signals with indiscriminate spectral information,thus allowing for ultrafast videography with full spectroscopic *** demonstrate the high temporal resolution of our method,we present videography of light propagation with record high 200 femtosecond temporal *** method is widely applicable for studying a multitude of dynamical processes in physics,chemistry and biology over a wide range of time *** the minimum frame separation(temporal resolution)is dictated by only the laser pulse duration,attosecondlaser technology may further increase video rates by several orders of magnitude.

关键词： imaging techniques ultrafast photonics ultrafast spectroscopy videography