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Time series analysis of L-band PALSAR-2 images in Istanbul and Kocaeli,Turkey

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Big Earth Data 2024年第3期8卷 467-493页

作者： Sadra Karimzadeh Abdullah Can Zulfikar Masashi Matsuoka department of Remote Sensing and GIS University of TabrizTabrizIran department of Architecture and building Engineering Tokyo Institute of TechnologyYokohamaJapan Disaster Management Institute Istanbul Technical UniversityMaslakIstanbulTurkey

ABSTRACT Conducting long measurements of infrastructure deformation is a critical engineering *** methods are both timeconsuming and expensive,limiting their use for large-scale *** synergy of synthetic aperture radar(SAR)and geographic information systems(GIS)offers a complementary *** study focuses on the feasibility of using time series analysis of L-band PALSAR-2 images to discover land displacements in Istanbul and Kocaeli,significant industrial and residential areas in ***-2 phase and intensity information were *** phase analysis,14 L-band images from 2014 to 2021 were taken into *** baseline subset(SBAS)analysis was performed using 44 pairs,and results of the velocity,coherence and back-scattering values are *** of all pairs and their correlations were *** Component Analysis(PCA)reduced the dimension of coherence pairs,enhancing feature extraction and the final geocoded velocity map revealed a fastest subsidence rate of−58 mm/yr and a mean subsidence of−20 mm/*** findings were confirmed through mean vertical velocity from Sentinel-1 datasets and field *** results showed that immature land subsidence in the mentioned areas are growing slowly,which can be taken as a serious risk in future.

关键词： InSAR time series PALSAR-2 SAR intensity infrastructure deformation

Impact of a Magnetic Dipole on Heat Transfer in Non-Conducting Magnetic Fluid Flow over a Stretching Cylinder

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第3期20卷 475-486页

作者： Anupam Bhandari department of Mathematics School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum&Energy Studies(UPES)Energy Acres BuildingBidholi DehradunUttarakhand248007India

The thermal behavior of an electrically non-conducting magnetic liquid flowing over a stretching cylinder under the influence of a magnetic dipole is *** governing nonlinear differential equations are solved numerically using a finite element approach,which is properly validated through comparison with earlier results available in the *** results for the velocity and temperature fields are provided for different values of the Reynolds number,ferromagnetic response number,Prandtl number,and viscous dissipation *** influence of some physical parameters on skin friction and heat transfer on the walls of the cylinder is also *** applicability of this research to heat control in electronic devices is discussed to a certain extent.

关键词： Ferrofluid stretching cylinder finite element method heat transfer magnetic dipole

Modeling tuberous sclerosis complex with human induced pluripotent stem cells

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 208-218页

作者： Weibo Niu Benjamin Siciliano Zhexing Wen department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University School of MedicineWhitehead Research Building 447615 Michael StreetAtlantaGA 30322USA The Graduate Program in Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Laney Graduate SchoolEmory UniversityAtlanta.GA 30322.USA department of Cell Biology Emory University School of MedicineWhitehead Research Building 447615 Michael StreetAtlantaGA30322USA department of Neurology Emory University School of MedicineWhitehead Research Building 447.615 Michael StreetAtlantaGA 30322USA

Background Tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC)is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with a birth incidence of I:6000 in the United States that is characterized by the growth of non-cancerous tumors in multiple organ systems including the brain,kidneys,lungs,and ***,TSCis also associated with signicant neurological manifestations including epilepsy TSC-associated neuropsychiatric disorders,intellectual disabilities,and autism spectrum *** in the TSCI or TSC2 genes are well-established causes of TSC,which lead to TSC1/TSC2 deficiency in organs and hyper-activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling *** models have been widely used to study the effect of TSCl/2 genes on the development and function of the *** considerable progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying TSC in animal models,a human-specific model is urgently needed to investigate the effects of TSCl/2 mutations that are unique to human *** sources Literature reviews and research articles were published in PubMed-indexed *** Human-induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs),which capture risk alleles that are identical to their donors and have the capacity to differentiate into virtually any cell type in the human body,pave the way for the empirical study of previously inaccessible biological systems such as the developing human *** In this review,we present an overview of the recent progress in modeling TSC with human iPSC models,the existing limitations,and potential directions for future research.

关键词： Induced pluripotent stem cells Three-dimensional cultures Tuberous sclerosis complex Two-dimensional cultures

Modeling of solid oxide fuel cells

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Science Bulletin 2016年第17期61卷 1311-1312页

作者： Meng Ni department of building and real estate The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)is a high temperature(800-1000℃)power source,which can directly convert the chemical energy of a fuel into electrical energy via electrochemical *** the energy conversion process is straightforward,the electric efficiency of SOFC(>50%)is considerably higher than that of conventional heat engines(<40%).Compared with low temperature fuel cells,such as proton exchange membrane fuel

关键词： SOFC considerably proton PEMFC stack convert electrolysis alkaline battery kinetics

Tensile strength and failure behavior of rock-mortar interfaces: Direct and indirect measurements

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 41-55页

作者： Ghasem Shams Patrice Rivard Omid Moradian Civil Engineering and building Engineering department Universitéde SherbrookeSherbrookeQuébecCanada department of Earth Sciences Swiss Federal Institute of Technology(ETH)ZurichSwitzerland department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado School of MinesGoldenCOUSA

The tensile strength at the rock-concrete interface is one of the crucial factors controlling the failure mechanisms of structures,such as concrete gravity *** the critical importance of the failure mechanism and tensile strength of rock-concrete interfaces,understanding of these factors remains very *** study investigated the tensile strength and fracturing processes at rock-mortar interfaces subjected to direct and indirect tensile *** image correlation(DIC)and acoustic emission(AE)techniques were used to monitor the failure mechanisms of specimens subjected to direct tension and indirect loading(Brazilian tests).The results indicated that the direct tensile strength of the rock-mortar specimens was lower than their indirect tensile strength,with a direct/indirect tensile strength ratio of 65%.DIC strain field data and moment tensor inversions(MTI)of AE events indicated that a significant number of shear microcracks occurred in the specimens subjected to the Brazilian *** presence of these shear microcracks,which require more energy to break,resulted in a higher tensile strength during the Brazilian *** contrast,microcracks were predominantly tensile in specimens subjected to direct tension,leading to a lower tensile *** monitoring of the cracking processes in the rock-mortar interfaces revealed that they show AE precursors before failure under the Brazilian test,whereas they show a minimal number of AE events before failure under direct *** to different microcracking mechanisms,specimens tested under Brazilian tests showed lower roughness with flatter fracture surfaces than those tested under direct tension with jagged and rough fracture *** results of this study shed light on better understanding the micromechanics of damage in the rock-concrete interfaces for a safer design of engineering structures.

关键词： Rock-mortar Rock-concrete Moment tensor inversion(MTI) Acoustic emission(AE) Digital image correlation(DIC) Tensile strength Direct tensile test Brazilian test

Improvements in energy saving and thermal comfort for electric vehicles in summer through coupled electrochromic and radiative cooling smart windows

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building Simulation 2024年第8期17卷 1231-1251页

作者： Zhoujie Duan Shuangdui Wu Hongli Sun Borong Lin Pei Ding Tao Cui Jeremy To Xi Zhang College of Architectureand Environment Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China department of building Science Tsinghua UniversityBejing 100084China KeyLaboratoryofEco Planning&Green building MinistryofEducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China School of EmergencyManagement Xihua UniversityChengdu 610039China department of PSVD Mercedes-benz Group China Ltd.Beijing 100102China

In hot climates,the large amount of cooling load in electric vehicle(EV)results in a lot of battery energy consumption,leading the decrease of driving *** the widespread application of windows in EV,the electrochromic glass(EC)shows great prospect in lowering the cooling ***,researches on the application of EC in EV lack the consideration of both passive cooling measures and passenger comfort,which limits the further application of *** this paper,we proposed an idea combining the novel techniques of both electrochromism and radiative *** fluid dynamics(CFD)is modeled to simulate the application of electrochromic and radiative cooling coupled smart windows in hot parking conditions,exploring the improvement effect of the window on the thermal environment,comfort and energy saving of the *** results indicate that,under the intense sunlight with an outdoor temperature of 33℃,activating the air conditioning to maintain an average interior temperature of 26℃,the coupled windows reduced the cooling capacity of the air conditioning by 762 W compared to regular windows,which can further increase the range of ***,compared to simple electrochromic fully colored glass,the integration of radiative cooling technology can lower the window surface temperature by up to 10.7℃.Moreover,compared to regular windows,the coupled windows lowered the standard effective temperature(SET*)for passengers by approximately 7℃,significantly improving *** research findings are expected to provide guidance for optimizing window design and enhancing the performance of EV.

关键词： electrochromism radiative cooling smart windowel ectric vehicle cabin thermal comfort energy saving

Performance assessment of prefabricated vertical drains in mitigating soil reliquefaction subjected to repeated seismic events using shaking table experiments

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 411-427页

作者： Gowtham PADMANABHAN Ganesh Kumar SHANMUGAM department of Earthquake Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeUttarakhand 247667India Geotechnical Engineering Division CSIR-Central building Research Institute Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR)Uttarakhand 247667India

The use of prefabricated vertical drains(PVD)in liquefiable deposits is gaining attention due to enhanced ***,investigations on PVD in mitigating re-liquefaction during repeated shaking events are not *** study performed a series of shaking table experiments on untreated and PVD-treated specimens prepared with 40%and 60%relative *** sinusoidal loading was applied with an incremental peak acceleration of 0.1g,0.2g,0.3g,and 0.4g,at 5 Hz shaking frequency with 40 s *** performance of treated ground was evaluated based on the generation and dissipation of excess pore water pressure(EPWP),induced sand densification,subsidence,and cyclic stress *** addition,the strain accumulated in fresh and exhumed PVD was investigated using geotextile tensile testing apparatus aided with digital image *** evidence of pore pressure was reported up to 0.2g peak acceleration for 40%and 60%relative density *** continuous occurrence of soil densification and drainage medium restrained and delayed the generation of EPWP and expedited the dissipation *** study demonstrates PVD can mitigate re-liquefaction,without suffering from deterioration,when subjected to medium to high intense repeated shaking events.

关键词： prefabricated vertical drains drainage re-liquefaction shaking table digital image correlation

In search of optimal building behavior models for model predictive control in the context of flexibility

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building Simulation 2024年第1期17卷 71-91页

作者： Arash Erfani Tohid Jafarinejad Staf Roels Dirk Saelens KU Leuven Department of Civil EngineeringBuilding Physics and Sustainable Design SectionKasteelpark Arenberg 40 Bus 24473001 HeverleeBelgium EnergyVille Thor Park 8310Genk 3600Belgium

Model predictive control(MPC)is an advanced control *** has been deployed to harness the energy flexibility of a *** requires a dynamic model of the building to achieve such an ***,developing a suitable predictive model is the main challenge in MPC implementation forflexibility *** studyfocuses on the application of key performance indicators(KPls)to evaluate the suitability of MPC models via feature *** this end,multiple models were developed for two houses.A feature selection method was developed to select an appropriate feature space to train the *** predictive models were then quantified based on one-step ahead prediction error(OSPE),a standard KPI used in multiple studies,and a less-often KPl:multi-step ahead prediction error(MSPE).An MPC workflow was designed where different models can serve as the predictive *** showed that MSPE better demonstrates the performance of predictive models used for flexibility *** revealed that up to 57% of the flexibility potential and 48% of energy use reduction are not exploited if MSPE is not minimized while developing a predictive model.

关键词： building flexibility model predictive control for building building behaviour identification smart home

Air purifier or fresh air system?A comparison of energy consumption and cost in urban China residential buildings

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 2637-2647页

作者： GUO Yong SUN ZhiWei WESCHLER Louise B ZHANG YinPing department of building Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control Beijing 100084China Independent Researcher Colts Neck 07722NJUSA

Chinese urban residential buildings face serious indoor air quality *** purification systems(e.g.,air purifiers,fresh air systems)that supply fresh air or purify indoor air are widely used in residential buildings to improve indoor air *** the challenges of energy conservation and emission reduction,it is urgent to guide residents on choosing appropriate air purification *** key problem is how to identify the best air purification system with the lowest energy consumption or operating *** of air purification systems have rarely been conducted on the premise that they should deliver air such that the main indoor pollutant concentrations all meet air quality *** ignored in comparisons are the increased filtration resistance caused by dust accumulation on the filter and the cost of filter *** this study,we propose a method to compare residential air purification systems based on energy consumption and total cost,and we provide methods to select air purification systems in China's different climatic *** used a standard two-person bedroom as the example,and determined the most suitable(minimum cost or energy consumption)air purification systems for the capital cities of the provinces in Chinese mainland.

关键词： IAQ fresh air system air purifier energy consumption cost