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Social Dynamics of Ebola Virus Disease: A Case of Bundibugyo District, Uganda

Health 2019年第1期11卷 108-128页

作者： Clovice Kankya Daisy Nabadda Consolata Kabonesa Luke Nyakarahuka James Muleme Samuel Okware Richard Asaba department of biosecurity Ecosystems and Veterinary Public Health College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity (COVAB) Makerere University Kampala Uganda department of Gender School of Women and Gender Studies College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS) Makerere University Kampala Uganda Uganda National Health Research Organization Entebbe Uganda

Background: Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) presents with a high global mortality and is known to be a highly infectious disease with devastating and gendered effects on the social fabric, yet most of the science has focused on the disease’s biology. However, little has been documented with regard to the gender and social aspects of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in two sub counties (Kikyo and Bundibugyo Town Council) in Bundibugyo District in Western Uganda. The study was set to examine the gender differences in the level of knowledge, attitudes and perceptions about EVD. Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional design using both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. A structured questionnaire was administered to 254 respondents, 50% of whom were women. Simple random sampling was used to select the participants. Questionnaire data were analysed using SPSS at univariate and bivariate levels. Qualitative methods such as key informant interviews (with 6 participants) and Focus Group Discussions (three, one with men alone, another with women alone and the last one with both men and women) were also used to collect additional information from participants. Results: The findings indicated that socio-demographically, the majority (35%) of the respondents were aged between 20 and 29 years, 53% of whom were females. More women (about 56%) compared to men (44%) attained secondary education while more men (about 51% versus 49% of the women) reported that they were married. In terms of religion, the majority of the survey participants were Catholics (59% females and 49% males). With regard to communities’ knowledge about EVD, there was no significant relationship between men and women in terms of prior knowledge about EVD, risk factors and control measures. However, slightly more males (about 51%) than females (49%) had heard about EVD and more males (about 52%) than females (48%) admitted that they were at risk of contracting the disease. On the control measures, sl

关键词： Ebola Viral Disease (EVD) Gender Bundibugyo District Uganda

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Inflection Point Age in the Middle and Older Women—Jiangxi Province,China,2020-2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第9期6卷 162-167页

作者： Shanlan Yang Langlang Zhang Helang Huang Jiaofeng Wang Lei Wu Zhijun Bao Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and biosecurity Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina department of Gerontology Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan UniversityShanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric MedicineResearch Center on Aging and MedicineFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine School of Public HealthNanchang UniversityNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Previous studies have predominantly examined the micro-level aspects of women aging inflection points,while macro-level research using big data on the inflection points o... 详细信息

关键词： Middle Jiangxi currently

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Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Bovine Sub-Clinical Mastitis Burden in Low and High Tick Acaricide Resistance Regions of Uganda

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2022年第8期12卷 71-87页

作者： Joseph Byaruhanga Yvette Ssebunya Patrick Vudriko Innocent B. Rwego Research Center for Tropical Diseases and Vector Control (RTC) Department of Veterinary Pharmacy Clinics and Comparative Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University Kampala Uganda Division of Veterinary Regulation and Inspection Department of Animal Health Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries Entebbe Uganda One Health Division Department of Veterinary Population Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Saint Paul USA department of biosecurity Ecosystems and Veterinary Public Health College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity (COVAB) Makerere University Kampala Uganda

Mastitis, antimicrobial resistance and acaricide resistance pose significant threats to the development of the dairy industry in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from CMT positive cows on farms located in high (HARA) and low (LARA) acaricide resistance challenge regions of Uganda. Among selected herds in both regions, subclinical mastitis (SCM) screening was performed using CMT. CMT positive samples were collected, cultured, bacteria isolated and antibiotic sensitivity tests conducted. Overall, the prevalence of SCM in cows was 71.5% and 27.7% for HARA and LARA respectively. A SCM herd prevalence of 66.3% and 28.2% was recorded for HARA and LARA respectively. Furthermore, 67.5% and 20.8% of the cows in the HARA and LARA groups, respectively, had three out of four udder quarters infected with SCM. Staphylococcus aureus (44.2%) and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) (47.6%) were the most prevalent causative agents of SCM isolated from cows from HARA and LARA, respectively. Most isolates from both regions were highly resistant to penicillin (HARA, 84.3%;LARA, 95.6%) and colistin (HARA, 100%;LARA, 97.8%). Tetracycline (77.1%) and oxacillin (76.1%) resistance was high in isolates from HARA and LARA, respectively. Intermediate responses (neither susceptible nor resistant) to antibiotics were more common in isolates from HARA than in those from LARA. With this level of antibiotic resistance, there is a potential risk of failure to control mastitis in dairy cattle using antibiotics, especially in the HARA region, which may possibly jeopardize the growth of the dairy industry in Uganda.

关键词： Antimicrobial Resistance Sub Clinical Mastitis Tick Resistance

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Robust neutralizing antibody response to the XBB.1.5 trivalent recombinant protein vaccine booster

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第9期9卷 3560-3562页

作者： Bing-Dong Zhan Xue-Dong Song Xin Yu Guo-Jian Yang Sheng Wan Mai-Juan Ma Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention QuzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and biosecurity Academy of Military Medical SciencesBeijingChina Qujiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention QuzhouChina department of Microbiological Laboratory Technology School of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina

Dear Editor,The global prevalence of XBB subvariants,known for their significant immune evasion,has driven the development and adaptation of XBB *** XBB.1.5 mRNA vaccines have been developed and shown to provoke robust immune responses against XBB.1.5,EG.5.1,and BA.2.86 following vaccination.1 In June 2023,the XBB.1.5-recombinant COVID-19 trivalent(XBB.1.5+BA.5+Delta)protein vaccine(trivalent XBB.1.5 vaccine)(WestVac Biopharma Co.,Ltd.,China)was approved for emergency use against XBB *** preliminary data from the manufacturer suggest neutralization of several earlier Omicron subvariants and XBB.1.5,there is limited real-world evidence,and persisting immune imprinting may affect the induction of antibodies against new SARS-CoV-2 sublineages,2 such as JN.1,which has increased transmissibility and the ability to evade immunity.3 Additionally,subsequent XBB infection after BA.5/BF.7 breakthrough infection does not efficiently induce humoral immunity against JN.1,4 raising questions about the ability of the trivalent XBB.1.5 vaccine to provide adequate protection against this *** measured the neutralizing antibody responses in 32 individuals who experienced a BA.5/BF.7 breakthrough infection and a subsequent XBB infection before and after receiving the trivalent XBB.1.5 *** detailed demographic information of the study participants and their vaccination and infection histories are described in the Supplementary Methods.

关键词： valent neutral breakthrough

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A Topology-Matching Spike Protein-Capping Tetrahedral DNA Nanocrown for SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第6期5卷 1372-1385页

作者： Jingran Chen Shuxin Xu Qing Ye Hang Chi Ying Li Mei Wu Baochao Fan Zhanchen Guo Cheng-Feng Qin Bin Li Zhen Liu State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023 State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and biosecurity Department of VirologyBeijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyAMMSBeijing 100071 Institute of Veterinary Research Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014

The constantly mutating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)poses great risk of efficacy loss to the present neutralizing ***,it is urgently needed to develop versatile strategies that enable rapid design and engineering of potent neutralizing therapeutics for newly emerging ***,we present an unprecedented DNA nanocrown that can topologically match and multivalently bind the S-trimer of SARS-CoV-2 and thereby inhibit its infection to host cells.A neutralizing aptamer binding the N-terminal domain(NTD)supersite of the S protein was first screened and *** was further elaborately engineered onto the best fitting tetrahedral DNA nanostructure to form a spike protein-capping nanocrown,which can effectively block not only wild-type(WT)SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus,but also several important mutants including D614G,N501Y,andΔ69–***,it can evidently diminish the RNA copies of authentic WT SARS-CoV-2 in host cells by 4.6 orders of ***,utilizing the aptamer selection method and the dedicated engineering route,our topology-matching DNA framework provides a versatile platform for SARS-CoV-2 inhibition and has the potential to be facilely expanded to newly emerging variants and other fatal coronaviruses.

关键词： aptamer topology-matching DNA framework SARS-CoV-2 neutralization therapy N-terminal domain supersite

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Single-cell immune profiling reveals distinct immune response in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第10期6卷 3108-3118页

作者： Xiang-Na Zhao Yue You Xiao-Ming Cui Hui-Xia Gao Guo-Lin Wang Sheng-Bo Zhang Lin Yao Li-Jun Duan Ka-Li Zhu Yu-Ling Wang Li Li Jian-Hua Lu Hai-Bin Wang Jing-Fang Fan Huan-Wei Zheng Er-Hei Dai Lu-Yi Tian Mai-Juan Ma Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese People's Liberation Army BeijingChina The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research ParkvilleVicAustralia department of Medical Biology The University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijingChina The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina

While some individuals infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)present mild-to-severe disease,many SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals are *** sought to identify the distinction of immune response between asymptomatic and moderate *** performed single-cell transcriptome and T-cell/B-cell receptor(TCR/BCR)sequencing in 37 longitudinal collected peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from asymptomatic,moderate,and severe patients with healthy *** patients displayed increased CD56^(bri)CD16^(-) natural killer(NK)cells and upregulation of interferon-gamma in effector CD4^(+) and CD8^(+) T cells and NK *** showed more robust TCR clonal expansion,especially in effector CD4^(+) T cells,but lack strong BCR clonal expansion compared to moderate ***,asymptomatic patients have lower interferon-stimulated genes(ISGs)expression in general but large interpatient variability,whereas moderate patients showed various magnitude and temporal dynamics of the ISGs expression across multiple cell populations but lower than a patient with severe *** data provide evidenee of different immune signatures to SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic infections.

关键词： patients asymptomatic interferon

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Development of a rapid neutralizing antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 and its application for neutralizing antibody screening and vaccinated serum testing

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Infectious Medicine 2022年第2期1卷 95-102页

作者： Yuchang Li Mingyue Wang Hongzhen Wu Hui Zhao Lei Dong Yunfei Li Xiaofeng Li Ying Tang Sen Zhang Jing Li Chengfeng Qin Tao Jiang Yongqiang Deng Xiaoping Kang State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and biosecurity The Academy of Military Medical Science Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijingChina Beijing BGI-GBI Biotech Co. Ltd.BeijingChina Clinical Laboratory department Air Force Medical CenterBeijingChina

Background:Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease(COVID-19),the high infection rate and mutation fre-quency of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),the causative agent,have contributed to the ongoing global *** has become the most effective means of controlling ***-ditional neutralizing tests of sera are complex and labor-intensive,therefore,a rapid test for detecting neutralizing antibodies and antibody status post-immunization is ***:Based on the fact that antibodies exhibit neutralizing activity by blocking the binding of the S protein receptor-binding domain(S-RBD)to ACE2,we developed a rapid neutralizing antibody test,*** evaluate the sensitivity and specificity,we used 54 positive and 84 negative serum *** also tested the neutralizing activities of monoclonal antibodies(mAbs)and 214 sera samples from healthy individuals im-munized with the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 ***:The sensitivity and specificity of the ACE2-Block ELISA were 96.3%and 100%,*** neu-tralizing mAb screening,ch-2C5 was selected for its ability to block the ACE2-S-RBD interaction.A plaque assay confirmed that ch-2C5 neutralized SARS-CoV-2,with NT 50 values of 4.19,10.63,and 1.074μg/mL against the SARS-CoV-2 original strain,and the Beta and Delta variants,*** the immunized sera samples,the neutralizing positive rate dropped from 82.14%to 32.16%within 4 months ***:This study developed and validated an ACE2-Block-ELISA to test the neutralizing activities of *** a rapid,inexpensive and easy-to-perform method,this ACE2-Block-ELISA has potential applications in rapid neutralizing mAb screening and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine evaluation.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing antibodies ACE2-Block-ELISA Rapid testing

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Use of Rich BHI Medium Instead of Synthetic TMH Medium for Gene Regulation Study in Yersinia pestis

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2012年第6期25卷 639-644页

作者： ZHANG Yi Quan MA Li Zhi WANG Li GAO He TAN Ya Fang GUO Zhao Biao QIU Jing Fu YANG Rui Fu ZHOU Dong Sheng State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and biosecurity Beo'ing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology Beijing 100071 China department of Emergency Medicine General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Beijing 100039 China department of Medical Laboratory Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 China State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206 China

Objective This study is to verify the use of rich BHI medium to substitute synthetic media for gene regulation studies in Yersinia pestis. Methods The transcriptional regulation of rovA by PhoP or via temperature upshift, and that of pla by CRP were investigated when Y. pestis was cultured in BHI. After cultivation under 26 ~C, and with temperature shifting from 26 to 37 ~C, the wild-type （WT） strain or its phoP or crp null mutant （AphoP or Acrp, respectively） was subject to RNA isolation, and then the promoter activity of rovA or plo in the above strains was detected by the primer extension assay. The rovA promoter-proximal region was cloned into the pRW50 containing a promoterless lacZ gene. The recombinant LacZ reporter plasmid was transformed into WT and AphoP to measure the promoter activity of rovA in these two strains with the ^-Galactosidase enzyme assay system. Results When Y. pestis was cultured in BHI, the transcription of rovA was inhibited by PhoP and upon temperature upshift while that ofpla was stimulated by CRP. Conclusion The rich BHI medium without the need for modification to be introduced into the relevant stimulating conditions （which are essential to triggering relevant gene regulatory cascades）, can be used in lieu of synthetic TMH media to cultivate Y. pestis for gene regulation studies.

关键词： Yersinia pestis BHI TMH Gene regulation

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Identification and characterization of two human immunodeficiency virus type 1 unique recombinant forms from Yunnan, China

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Virologica Sinica 2016年第2期31卷 184-187页

作者： Jianjian Li Lin Li Shaomin Yang Jingyun Li Mi Zhang Cuixian Yang Jiafa Liu Huiqin Li Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Infectious Disease AIDS Care Center (YNACC) department of AIDS Research State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology

Dear Editor,Recombination contributes greatly to the diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1（HIV-1）.A large number of recombinant strains have been found in China,particularly in Yunnan,which is considered the HIV-1 epicenter of *** of unique recombinant forms is helpful for prediction of new circulating recombinant forms.

关键词： China epicenter subtype helpful inserted backbone circulating genomic http contained

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Shanghai expert consensus on clinical protocol for traditional Chinese medicine treatment of COVID-19 among the elderly population(second edition)

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第5期20卷 427-431页

作者： Xuan Chen Chou-ping Han Wei Zhang on behalf of Writing Group of the Shanghai Expert Consensus on Clinical Protocol for Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment of COVID-among the Elderly Population(Second Edition) department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Shuguang HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China International Education College Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and BiosecurityShuguang HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China 不详

This document is the revised edition of the previously issued Shanghai Expert Consensus on Clinical Protocol for Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment of COVID-19 among the Elderly *** on the clinical experience and the Protocol for Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19(Trial 9th Edition),this revised edition provides treatment approaches and recommendations to proactively cope with Omicron variant and increase the therapeutic efficacy for coronavirus disease 2019 among the elderly population in Shanghai,China.

关键词： COVID-19 Aged Elderly population Expert consensus Traditional Chinese medicine Clinical treatment

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