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Clinical outcomes of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第1期21卷 269-275页

作者： Sung Pil Yun Nari Shin Hyung Il Seo department of Surgery Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 602-739South Korea department of Pathology Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 602-739South Korea

AIM: To compare the demographics and survival rates between gallbladder adenocarcinoma(GB-adenocarcinoma) and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder(GB-NEC-SCC).METHODS: From March 2007 to September 2012,patients who underwent resection of tumor stage T2/T3 GB cancer were enrolled for this *** patients were included in this study,including 38 diagnosed with GB-adenocarcinoma and four diagnosed with *** the GB-adenocarcinoma group,a radical operation was performed in 28 patients,and ten patients underwent simple *** the GB-NEC-SCC group,a radical operation was performed in three patients,and one patient underwent simple *** analysis of the two groups was performed,including clinicopathologic features and survival ***: The median age of the patients was 68 y(range: 35-83 years) and females comprised 26/42 of the ***-adenocarcinoma patients were significantly older than GB-NEC-SCC patients(67.89 ± 11.15 vs 55.75 ± 10.31 years; P = 0.029).The median tumor size in GB-adenocarcinoma patients was 2.56 ± 1.75 cm and 3.98 ± 3.74 cm in GB-NEC-SCC patients; however,there was no significant difference between the two *** tumors > 2 cm,T stage(T2 vs T3),lymphovascular invasion,perineural invasion,lymph node metastasis and lymph node ratio showed no significant differences between the two *** overall survival rate of the 42 patients at five years was 77.0%.In the GB-adenocarcinoma group,the overall five-year survival rate was 74.8%,and survival in the GB-NEC-SCC group was 100%,which was not significantly different between the two ***: The strategy for treating patients with GB-NEC-SCC should be similar to that used for treating GB-adenocarcinoma,including radical cholecystectomy and liver resection.

关键词： Gallbladder adenocarcinoma Gallbladder cancer Radi

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Exercise and exerkine upregulation:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a potential non-pharmacological therapeutic strategy for Parkinson’s disease

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BIOCELL 2024年第5期48卷 693-706页

作者： VIRAAJ VISHNU PRASAD JENNIFER SALLY SAMSON VENKATACHALAM DEEPA PARVATHI department of biomedical Sciences Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and ResearchChennai600116India

Physical activity and exercise have several beneficial roles in enhancing both physiological and psychological well-being of an *** addition to aiding the regulation of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism,exercise can stimulate the synthesis of exerkine hormones in the circulatory *** several exerkines that have been investigated for their therapeutic potential,Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)is considered the most promising candidate,especially in the management of neurodegenerative *** to the ability of physical activity to enhance BDNF synthesis,several experimental studies conducted so far have validated this hypothesis and produced satisfactory results at the pre-clinical *** review highlights some of the recent animal model studies that have evaluated the efficiency of exercise in enhancing BDNF synthesis and promoting neuroprotective ***,this review focuses on understanding the therapeutic benefits of exercise-induced exerkine synthesis as a non-pharmacological strategy in Parkinson’s disease(PD).Regarding physical activity and exerkine induction,the neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES)strategy could be considered as an alternate treatment modality for patients affected with PD.

关键词： Exercise therapy Dopaminergic neurons Parkinson’s disease Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Electrical stimulation

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Acute distal common bile duct angle is risk factor for postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis in beginner endoscopist

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第1期8卷 20-28页

作者： Sung Yong Han Dong Uk Kim Moon Won Lee Young Joo Park Dong Hoon Baek Gwang Ha Kim Geun Am Song Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University Hospital

BACKGROUND Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) pancreatitis(PEP)is a critical and poorly managed complication of ERCP. Endoscopists need to understand the risk factors for PEP. However, the majority of studies investigating ERCP-related risk factors have included well-trained endoscopists,with the issue of endoscopist experience on PEP incidence not having been systematically *** To explore the risk factors for PEP in beginner endoscopists without *** We performed a retrospective analysis of 293 patients, with na?ve papilla and no history of pancreatitis, treated using bile duct cannulation. Patients were classified according to the endoscopist’s experience(beginner vs expert). The angle of the distal common bile duct(CBD) was measured as the angle between the lower wall of the bile duct and a vertical line extending to the lower wall of the bile duct on coronal view computed *** After propensity matching, there were no differences between patients treated by the expert and beginner endoscopist with regard to age, sex, mean bile duct dilatation, and ratio of benign disease. The distal CBD angle was classified as acute(> 30o) or obtuse(≤ 30o), based on the mean angle of 29.9o for the group. An acute distal CBD angle was a significant risk factor for PEP for beginner(P =0.049), but not *** For beginner endoscopists first performing unsupervised ERCP, cases with an obtuse distal CBD angle may be more appropriate to lower the risk of PEP.

关键词： Common bile duct angle Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Novice learner Pancreatitis Risk factor Begginer endoscopist

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Variable step-size affine projection algorithm based on global speech absence probability for adaptive feedback cancellation

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第2期21卷 646-650页

作者： KIM Young-Sear SONG Ji-hyun KIM Sang-Kyun LEE Sangmin department of biomedical Engineering Eulji University department of Electronic Engineering Inha University Institute for Information and Electronics research Inha University

A novel approach is proposed for improving adaptive feedback cancellation using a variable step-size affine projection algorithm(VSS-APA) based on global speech absence probability(GSAP).The variable step-size of the proposed VSS-APA is adjusted according to the GSAP of the current *** weight vector of the adaptive filter is updated by the probability of the speech *** performance measure of acoustic feedback cancellation is evaluated using normalized *** results demonstrate that the proposed approach has better performance than the normalized least mean square(NLMS) and the constant step-size affine projection algorithms.

关键词： adaptive feedback cancellation affine projection global speech absence probability(GSAP)

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Naturally occurring hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase mutations related to potential antiviral drug resistance and liver disease progression

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第16期24卷 1708-1724页

作者： Yu-Min Choi So-Young Lee Bum-Joon Kim department of Microbiology and Immunology Biomedical Sciences Liver Research Institute and Cancer Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine

The annual number of deaths caused by hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related disease, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), is estimated as 887000. The reported prevalence of HBV reverse transcriptase(RT) mutation prior to treatment is varied and the impact of preexisting mutations on the treatment of na?ve patients remains controversial, and primarily depends on geographic factors, HBV genotypes, HBe Ag serostatus, HBV viral loads, disease progression, intergenotypic recombination and co-infection with HIV. Different sensitivity of detection methodology used could also affect their prevalence results. Several genotype-dependent HBV RT positions that can affect the emergence of drug resistance have also been reported. Eight mutations in RT(rtL80I, rtD134N, rtN139K/T/H, rtY141F, rtM204I/V, rtF221Y, rtI224V, and rtM309K) are significantly associated with HCC progression. HBe Ag-negative status, low viral load, and genotype C infection are significantly related to a higher frequency and prevalence of preexisting RT mutations. Preexisting mutations are most frequently found in the A-B interdomain of RT which overlaps with the HBs Ag "a" determinant region, mutations of which can lead to simultaneous viral immune escape. In conclusion, the presence of baseline RT mutations can affect drug treatment outcomes and disease progression in HBVinfected populations via modulation of viral fitness and host-immune responses.

关键词： polymerase hepatocellular carcinoma reverse transcriptase preexisting mutations hepatitis B virus

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Precore/core region mutations of hepatitis B virus related to clinical severity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第17期22卷 4287-4296页

作者： Hong Kim Seoung-Ae Lee Seung Yeon Do Bum-Joon Kim department of biomedical Sciences Microbiology and Immunology Liver Research Institute and Cancer Research Institute College of Medicine Seoul National University

Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major health problem, with more than 350 million chronically infected people worldwide and over 1 million annual deaths due to cirrhosis and liver cancer. HBV mutations are primarily generated due both to a lack of proofreading capacity by HBV polymerase and to host immune pressure, which is a very important factor for predicting disease progression and therapeutic outcomes. Several types of HBV precore/core (preC/C) mutations have been described to date. The host immune response against T cells drives mutation in the preC/C region. Specifically, preC/C mutations in the MHC class II restricted region are more common than in other regions and are significantly related to hepatocellular carcinoma. Certain mutations, including preC G1896A, are also significantly related to HBeAg-negative chronic infection. This review article mainly focuses on the HBV preC/C mutations that are related to disease severity and on the HBeAg serostatus of chronically infected patients.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus infection Precore/core mutations Hepatocellular carcinoma HBeAg serostatus Disease severity

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X region mutations of hepatitis B virus related to clinical severity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第24期22卷 5467-5478页

作者： Hong Kim Seoung-Ae Lee Bum-Joon Kim department of biomedical Sciences Microbiology and Immunology Liver Research Institute and Cancer Research Institute College of Medicine Seoul National University

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major health problem, with more than 240 million people chronically infected worldwide and potentially 650000 deaths per year due to advanced liver diseases including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV-X protein (HBx) contributes to the biology and pathogenesis of HBV via stimulating virus replication or altering host gene expression related to HCC. The HBV X region contains only 465 bp encoding the 16.5 kDa HBx protein, which also contains several critical cis-elements such as enhancer II, the core promoter and the microRNA-binding region. Thus, mutations in this region may affect not only the HBx open reading frame but also the overlapped cis-elements. Recently, several types of HBx mutations significantly associated with clinical severity have been described, although the functional mechanism in most of these cases remains unsolved. This review article will mainly focus on the HBx mutations proven to be significantly related to clinical severity via epidemiological studies.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus infection Hepatitis B virus-X protein mutation Hepatocellular carcinoma Clinical severity

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Sex disparity in viral load, inflammation and liver damage in transgenic mice carrying full hepatitis B virus genome with the W4P mutation in the preS1 region

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第10期24卷 1084-1092页

作者： Seoung-Ae Lee So-Young Lee Yu-Min Choi Hong Kim Bum-Joon Kim department of Microbiology and Immunology Biomedical Sciences Liver Research Institute and Cancer Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine

AIM To study sex disparity in susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), we created a transgenic mouse model that expressed the full hepatitis B virus(HBV) genome with the W4P *** Transgenic mice were generated by transferring the p HY92-1.1 x-HBV-full genome plasmid(genotype A2) into C57 Bl/6 N mice. We compared serum levels of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag), interleukin(IL)-6, and the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate transaminase(AST), as well as liver histopathological features in male and female transgenic(W4PTG) mice and in nontransgenic littermates of 10 mo of age. RESULTS W4PTG males exhibited more pronounced hepatomegaly, significantly increased granule generation in liver tissue, elevated HBs Ag expression in the liver and serum, and higher serum ALT and IL-6 levels compared to W4PTG females or littermate control groups. CONCLUSION Together, our data indicate that the W4 P mutation in pre S1 may contribute to sex disparity in susceptibility to HCC by causing increased HBV virion replication and enhanced IL-6-mediated inflammation in male individuals. Additionally, our transgenic mouse model that expresses full HBV genome with the W4 P mutation in pre S1 could be effectively used for the studies of the progression of liver diseases, including HCC.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus W4P mutation of preS1 transgenic mice Hepatocellular carcinoma

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Switching variability index based multiple strategy CFAR detector

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2014年第4期25卷 580-587页

作者： Yang Li Zhenyuan Ji Bingfei Li Gil Alterovitz department of Electronic Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Center for biomedical Informatics Harvard University Chinese Aeronautical Radio Electronics research Institute

A switching variability index （SVl） constant false alarm rate （CFAR） detector is proposed for improving the detection performance of VI-CFAR detectors in multiple targets backgrounds. When the presence of non-homogeneity in CFAR reference windows is indicated by a VI-CFAR detector, a switching- CFAR detector is introduced to optimize the performance of the VI-CFAR detector in homogeneous, multiple targets and clutter edge backgrounds. The structure and parameters selection method of the SVI-CFAR detector is presented. Comparisons with classic CFAR detectors and recently proposed detectors are also given. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that SVICFAR detector maintains the good performance of the VI-CFAR detector in homogeneous and clutter edge backgrounds, while greatly improving the capacity of anti-multi targets.

关键词： switching variability index constant false alarm rate(SVI-CFAR) adaptive detection complex environment multiple-strategy detection radar target detection.

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Effect of Laser Welding on Properties of Dissimilar Joint of Al-Mg-Si and Al-Mn Aluminum Alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2010年第3期26卷 276-282页

作者： C.C.Chang C.P.Chou S.N.Hsu G.Y.Hsiung J.R.Chen department of Mechanical Engineering National Chiao-Tung University National Synchrotron Radiation research Center department of biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences National Tsing-Hua University

This study discusses the welding properties for the components of an aluminum-alloy ultra-high vacuum chamber and beam position monitor （BPM）.The welding parameters include the modes of laser output （pulsed wave and continuous wave）,welding speed,shield gas flow,welding bead structure,and focusing *** results showed that the welding defect rate of the pulsed wave type was larger than that of the continuous wave *** crack in the welding bead reduced with decreasing welding *** fusion penetration of the welding bead was higher when the focusing distance was long enough to deepen into the welding *** morphology during the experimental process revealed the proper flow of shield *** adaptability design of the welding bead structure in the preceding processes had more effect on overall welding structure and morphology.

关键词： Laser welding Aluminum alloy Ultra-high vacuum Beam position monitor (BPM)

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