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Efficacy of antimicrobials in preventing resistance in solid organ transplant recipients:A systematic review of clinical trials

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第1期15卷 156-164页

作者： Carlos M Ardila Pradeep K Yadalam Jaime Ramírez-Arbelaez department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Dentistry Biomedical Stomatology Research GroupUniversidad de Antioquia U de AMedellín 0057Colombia department of Postdoctoral Program CIFE University CenterCuernavaca 62330MorelosMexico department of Periodontics Saveetha Dental CollegeSaveetha Institute of Medical and HealthSIMATSSaveetha UniversityChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia department of Transplantation Hospital San Vicente FundaciónRionegro 054047Colombia

BACKGROUND In the absence of effective antimicrobials,transplant surgery is not viable,and antirejection immunosuppressants cannot be administered,as resistant infections compromise the life-saving goal of organ *** To evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobials in preventing resistance in solid organ transplant *** A systematic review was conducted using a search methodology consistent with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and *** review included randomized clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of antimicrobial agents(prophylactic or therapeutic)aimed at preventing antimicrobial *** search strategy involved analyzing multiple databases,including PubMed/MEDLINE,Web of Science,Embase,Scopus,and SciELO,as well as examining gray literature sources on Google Scholar.A comprehensive electronic database search was conducted from the databases’inception until May 2024,with no language *** After the final phase of the eligibility assessment,this systematic review ultimate-ly included 7 articles.A total of 2318 patients were *** most studied microorganisms were cytomegalovirus,although vancomycinresistant enterococci,Clostridioides difficile,and multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales were also *** antimicrobials used in the interventions were mainly maribavir,valganciclovir,gancic-lovir,and *** concern,all clinical trials showed significant proportions of resistant microorga-nisms after the interventions,with no statistically significant differences between the groups(mean resistance 13.47%vs 14.39%),except for two studies that demonstrated greater efficacy of maribavir and valganciclovir(mean resistance 22.2%vs 41.1%in the control group;P<0.05).The total reported deaths in three clinical trials were 75,and there were 24 graft rejections in two *** All clinical trials reported significant proportions of antimicrobial-resistant microor

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobials Antivirals Solid organ transplant recipients Infections Microorganisms Cytomegalovirus

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Multilevel analysis of the central-peripheral-target organ pathway:contributing to recovery after peripheral nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第10期20卷 2807-2822页

作者： Xizi Song Ruixin Li Xiaolei Chu Qi Li Ruihua Li Qingwen Li Kai-Yu Tong Xiaosong Gu Dong Ming Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Machine Interface and Human-Machine Fusion TianjinChina department of Rehabilitation Tianjin University Tianjin HospitalTianjinChina department of Hand Microsurgery Tianjin University Tianjin HospitalTianjinChina School of Exercise and Health Tianjin University of SportTianjinChina department of biomedical Engineering the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Peripheral nerve injury is a common neurological condition that often leads to severe functional limitations and *** on the pathogenesis of peripheral nerve injury has focused on pathological changes at individual injury sites,neglecting multilevel pathological analysis of the overall nervous system and target *** has led to restrictions on current therapeutic *** this paper,we first summarize the potential mechanisms of peripheral nerve injury from a holistic perspective,covering the central nervous system,peripheral nervous system,and target *** peripheral nerve injury,the cortical plasticity of the brain is altered due to damage to and regeneration of peripheral nerves;changes such as neuronal apoptosis and axonal demyelination occur in the spinal *** nerve will undergo axonal regeneration,activation of Schwann cells,inflammatory response,and vascular system regeneration at the injury *** damage to target organs can occur,including skeletal muscle atrophy and sensory receptor *** then provide a brief review of the research advances in therapeutic approaches to peripheral nerve *** main current treatments are conducted passively and include physical factor rehabilitation,pharmacological treatments,cell-based therapies,and physical ***,most treatments only partially address the problem and cannot complete the systematic recovery of the entire central nervous system-peripheral nervous system-target organ ***,we should further explore multilevel treatment options that produce effective,long-lasting results,perhaps requiring a combination of passive(traditional)and active(novel)treatment methods to stimulate rehabilitation at the central-peripheral-target organ levels to achieve better functional recovery.

关键词： central nervous system central peripheral target organ multilevel pathological analysis nerve regeneration peripheral nerve injury peripheral nervous system target organs therapeutic approach

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Exosomes as promising frontier approaches in future cancer therapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第1期17卷 28-33页

作者： Fatt-Yang Chew Chin-Hung Tsai Kuang-Hsi Chang Yu-Kang Chang Ruey-Hwang Chou Yi-Jui Liu department of Medical Imaging China Medical University HospitalTaichung 404TaiwanChina department of Radiology School of MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichung 404TaiwanChina department of Cancer Center Tungs’Taichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichung 435TaiwanChina department of Chest Medicine Tungs’Taichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichung 435TaiwanChina department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine College of MedicineNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 402TaiwanChina department of Medical research Tungs’Taichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichung 435TaiwanChina Center for General Education China Medical UniversityTaichung 404TaiwanChina General Education Center Jen-Teh Junior College of MedicineNursing and ManagementMiaoli 356TaiwanChina department of Nursing Jen-Teh Junior College of MedicineNursing and ManagementMiaoli 356TaiwanChina Graduate Institute of biomedical Sciences China Medical UniversityTaichung 404TaiwanChina Center for Molecular Medicine China Medical University HospitalTaichung 404TaiwanChina department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Asia UniversityTaichung 413TaiwanChina department of Automatic Control Engineering Feng Chia UniversityTaichung 407TaiwanChina

In this editorial,we will discuss the article by Tang et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal *** explored an innovative approach to enhancing gemcitabine(GEM)delivery and efficacy using human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(HU-BMSCs)-derived *** manufacture of GEM-loaded HU-BMSCs-derived exosomes(Exo-GEM)has been *** Tang et al’s study demonstrated that Exo-GEM exhibits enhanced cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing effects compared to free GEM,highlighting the potential of exosome-based drug delivery systems as a more effective and targeted approach to chemotherapy in pancreatic *** in vivo studies are required to confirm the safety and effectiveness of Exo-GEM before it can be considered for clinical use.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells Exosomes Gemcitabine Pancreatic cancer Apoptosis

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Nanoparticles for the treatment of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第6期20卷 1665-1680页

作者： Qiwei Yang Di Lu Jiuping Wu Fuming Liang Huayi Wang Junjie Yang Ganggang Zhang Chen Wang Yanlian Yang Ling Zhu Xinzhi Sun department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Spinal cord injuries lead to significant loss of motor, sensory, and autonomic functions, presenting major challenges in neural regeneration. Achieving effective therapeutic concentrations at injury sites has been a slow process, partly due to the difficulty of delivering drugs effectively. Nanoparticles, with their targeted delivery capabilities, biocompatibility, and enhanced bioavailability over conventional drugs, are garnering attention for spinal cord injury treatment. This review explores the current mechanisms and shortcomings of existing treatments, highlighting the benefits and progress of nanoparticle-based approaches. We detail nanoparticle delivery methods for spinal cord injury, including local and intravenous injections, oral delivery, and biomaterial-assisted implantation, alongside strategies such as drug loading and surface modification. The discussion extends to how nanoparticles aid in reducing oxidative stress, dampening inflammation, fostering neural regeneration, and promoting angiogenesis. We summarize the use of various types of nanoparticles for treating spinal cord injuries, including metallic, polymeric, protein-based, inorganic non-metallic, and lipid nanoparticles. We also discuss the challenges faced, such as biosafety, effectiveness in humans, precise dosage control, standardization of production and characterization, immune responses, and targeted delivery in vivo. Additionally, we explore future directions, such as improving biosafety, standardizing manufacturing and characterization processes, and advancing human trials. Nanoparticles have shown considerable progress in targeted delivery and enhancing treatment efficacy for spinal cord injuries, presenting significant potential for clinical use and drug development.

关键词： antioxidants axon regeneration biocompatible materials drug carriers nanoparticles nerve regeneration neuroinflammatory diseases neuroprotection spinal cord injury stem cells

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Parallel variable-density spiral imaging using nonlocal total variation reconstruction

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第5期23卷 530-536页

作者：方晟郭华 Institute of Nulcear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua University Center for biomedical Imaging research Department of Biomedical EngineeringSchool of MedicineTsinghua University

The relatively long scan time is still a bottleneck for both clinical applications and research of magnetic resonance imaging. To reduce the data acquisition time, we propose a novel fast magnetic resonance imaging method based on parallel variable-density spiral acquisition, which combines undersampling optimization and nonlocal total variation reconstruction. The undersampling optimization promotes the incoherence of resultant aliasing artifact via the ＂worst-case＂ residual error metric, and thus accelerates the data acquisition. Moreover, nonlocal total variation reconstruction is utilized to remove such an incoherent aliasing artifact and so improve image quality. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated by both numerical phantom simulation and in vivo experiment. The experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve high acceleration factor and effectively remove an aliasing artifact from data undersampling with well-preserved image details. The image quality is better than that achieved with the total variation method.

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging variable-density spiral parallel imaging nonlocal total variation

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Mechanical properties of TiO_2-hydroxyapatite nanostructured coatings on Ti-6Al-4V substrates by APS method

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第4期20卷 397-402页

作者： Mohammad Zakeri Elmira Hasani Morteza Tamizifar Ceramic department Materials and Energy Research Center biomedical Engineering department Islamic Azad University (Science and Research Branch) Materials Science department Science and Technology University of Iran

TiO2-hydroxyapatite （HA） nanostructured coatings were produced by atmospheric plasma spray method. The effects of starting powder composition and grain size on their mechanical properties were investigated. The microstructure and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. It is found that the coating with 10% HA has the best mechanical properties. Based on Rietveld refinement method, the mean grain size of the as-received powder （212 nm） extensively decreases to 66.4 nm after 20 h of high-energy ball milling. In spite of grain growth, the deposited coatings maintain their nanostructures with the mean grain size of 112 nm. SEM images show that there is a lower porosity in the coating with a higher HA content. Optical microscopy images show that uniform thickness is obtained for all the coatings.

关键词： titanium dioxide hydroxyapatite plasma spraying nanostructures composite coatings mechanical proper-ties titanium alloys

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Regulation of sleep by astrocytes in the hypothalamic ventrolateral preoptic nucleus

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 1098-1100页

作者： Jae-Hong Kim Ruqayya Afridi Il-Sung Jang Maan Gee Lee Kyoungho Suk Brain Korea 21 four KNU Convergence Educational Program of biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea department of Pharmacology School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea department of Pharmacology School of DentistryKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Brain Science&Engineering Institute Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea

Astrocytes are functionally dynamic cells that support neurons in multiple ways throughout an organism’s *** astrocytic regulation of neuronal activity has been increasingly recognized in recent *** are now recognized as playing a more complex role than mere bystanders in the central nervous ***,their role in regulating the sleep neurocircuitry is not well *** this perspective,we highlight the role of astrocytes in sleep modulation,with a particular focus on regulatory mechanisms related to the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus(VLPO)of the *** briefly discuss recent literature reporting the role of VLPO astrocytes in regulating sleep-associated behaviors.

关键词： sleep ventrolateral astrocytes

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Ultrasound comparison of diffusion of local anesthetic solution after a peribulbar and a sub-Tenon's block: a pilot study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第4期9卷 638-639页

作者： Emile Calenda Marc Muraine department of Anesthesiology Rouen University HospitalInstitute for Biomedical Research department of Opthalmology Rouen University HospitalInstitute for Biomedical Research

Dear Sir,Iam *** Calenda,from the department of Anesthesiology in Ophthalmology,Rouen University Hospital,Institute for biomedical research,Rouen,France.I write to present ultrasound visualization of local anesthetic ... 详细信息

关键词： anesthesia visualization pilot a pilot study write scheduled analgesia spread disinfection noticed

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Amyloid-beta pathology-induced nanoscale synaptic disruption:the case of the GABA_B-GIRK assembly

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1409-1410页

作者： Rafael Lujan Alejandro Martín-Belmonte Sergi Ferré Francisco Ciruela Synaptic Structure Laboratory Instituto de Biomedicina de la UCLM(IB-UCLM)Departamento de Ciencias MédicasInstituto de Investigación en Salud de Castilla-La Mancha(IDISCAM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Castilla-La ManchaCampus BiosanitarioC/AlmansaAlbaceteSpain Integrative Neurobiology Section National Institute on Drug AbuseIntramural Research ProgramNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA Pharmacology Unit Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesInstitute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaNeuropharmacology&Pain GroupNeuroscience ProgramBellvitge Institute for Biomedical ResearchL’Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory brain networks,leading to aberrant homeostatic synaptic *** has progressively been recognized as syna ptopathy and syna ptic dysfunction has been identified as a key component of its pathogenesis (Schirinzi et al.,2020).Syna ptic dysfunction is believed to precede synapse loss,a primary biological correlate of cognitive decline in AD,inevita bly associated with neuronal death.

关键词： Alzheimer pathology

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Choroid plexus tumor necrosis factor receptor 1:a new neuroinflammatory piece of the complex Alzheimer's disease puzzle

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Neural Regeneration research 2019年第7期14卷 1144-1147页

作者： Sophie Steeland Roosmarijn E.Vandenbroucke VIB Center for Inflammation research department of biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University

Due to the aging of the population and despite the enormous scientific effort,Alzheimer's disease remains one of the biggest medical and pharmaceutical challenges in current *** insights highlight the importance of neuroinflammation as an undeniable player in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's *** necrosis factor is a master inflammatory cytokine that signals via tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and tumor necrosis factor receptor 2,but that also regulates several brain functions in health and ***,clinical trials investigating drugs that interfere with the tumor necrosis factor pathway in Alzheimer's disease led to inconclusive results,partially because not only the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor/tumor necrosis factor receptor 1,but also the beneficial tumor necrosis factor/tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 signaling was antagonized in these *** recently found that tumor necrosis factor is the main upregulated cytokine in the choroid plexus of Alzheimer's disease patients,signaling via tumor necrosis factor receptor *** agreement with this,choroidal tumor necrosis factor/tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 signaling was also upregulated in different Alzheimer's disease mouse ***,both genetic and nanobody-based pharmacological blockage of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 signaling was accompanied by favorable effects on Alzheimer's disease-associated inflammation,choroidal morphology and cognitive ***,we briefly summarize the detrimental effects that can be mediated by tumor necrosis factor/tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 signaling in(early) Alzheimer's disease,and the consequences this might have on the disease *** the main hypothesis in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials is still based on the amyloid beta-cascade,the importance of Alzheimer's disease-associated neuroinflammation urge the development of novel therapeutic strategies that might be effective in the early stages

关键词： tumor necrosis factor neuroinflammation blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier preclinical research drug development neurodegeneration cognitive decline mouse models TNFR

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