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Daily activity rhythms, chronotypes, and risk-taking behavior in the signal crayfish

Current Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 177-183页

作者： Valerio SBRAGAGLIA Thomas BREITHAUPT department of Marine Renewable Resources Marine Science Institute(ICM-CSIC)Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta3708003 BarcelonaSpain Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes Leibniz-lnstitute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland FisheriesMüggelseedamm 31012587 BerlinGermany department of Biological and Marine Sciences University of HullCottingham RoadHull HU67RXUK

Consistent inter-individual differences in daily activity rhythms(i.e.,chronotypes)can have ecological consequences in determining access to food resources and avoidance of predators.The most common measure to characterize chronotypes in animals as well as humans is the onset of activity(i.e.,early or late chronotypes).However,daily activity rhythms may also differ in the relative amount of activity displayed at particular time periods.Moreover,chronotypes may also be linked to other consistent inter-individual differences in behavior(i.e.,personality),such as the propensity to take risks.Here,we used the signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculusto test the presence of chronotypes and risk-taking personality traits and a potential behavioral syndrome between these traits.We first exposed crayfish to 5 days of light-darkness to measure daily activity rhythms and then we applied a visual predator-simulating stimulus in 2 different contexts(neutral and food).Our results showed consistent(i.e.,across 5 days)inter-individual differences in the relative nocturnal activity displayed in the early and middle,but not in the late part of darkness hours.Moreover,while crayfish displayed inter-individual differences in risk-taking behavior,these were not found to be consistent across 2 contexts.Therefore,we were not able to formally test a behavioral syndrome between these 2 traits.In conclusion,our study provides the first evidence of chronotypes in the relative amount of activity displayed at particular time periods.This could be a valuable information for applied ecological aspects related to the signal crayfish,which is a major invasive species of freshwater ecosystems.

关键词： behavioral syndrome biological rhythms boldness feeding locomotor activity

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Intrasexual competition enhances reproductive isolation between locally adapted populations

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Current Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 125-133页

作者： David BIERBACH Lenin ARIAS-RODRIGUEZ Martin PLATH Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes Leibniz-lnstitute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Muggelseedamm 310 12587 Berlin Germany Division Academica de Ciencias Biologicas Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco (UJAT) 86150 Villahermosa Tabasco Mexico College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China

During adaptation to different habitat types, both morphological and behavioral traits can undergo divergent selection. Males often fight for status in dominance hierarchies and rank positions predict reproductive success. Ecotypes with reduced fighting abilities should have low reproductive success when migrating into habitats that harbor ecotypes with superior fighting abilities. Livebearing fishes in the -species complex inhabit not only regular freshwater environments, but also independently colonized sulfidic (HS-containing) habitats in three river drainages. In the current study, we found fighting intensities in staged contests to be considerably lower in some but not all sulfidic surface ecotypes and the sulfidic cave ecotype compared with populations from non-sulfidic surface sites. This is perhaps due to selection imposed by HS, which hampers oxygen uptake and transport, as well as cellular respiration. Furthermore, migrants from sulfidic habitats may lose fights even if they do not show overall reduced aggressiveness, as physiological performance is likely to be challenged in the non-sulfidic environment to which they are not adapted. To test this hypothesis, we simulated migration of HS-adapted males into HS-free waters, as well as HS-adapted cave-dwelling males into sulfidic surface waters. We found that intruders established dominance less often than resident males, independent of whether or not they showed reduced aggressiveness overall. Our study shows that divergent evolution of male aggressive behavior may also contribute to the maintenance of genetic differentiation in this system and we call for more careful evaluation of male fighting abilities in studies on ecological speciation.

关键词：改编繁殖人口战斗能力竞争淡水环境生态型 H2S

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Global warming scenarios for the Eastern Adriatic Sea indicate a higher risk of invasiveness of non-native marine organisms relative to current climate conditions

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 143-154页

作者： Branko Glamuzina Lorenzo Vilizzi Marina Piria Ante Zuljevic Ana Bratos Cetinic Ana Pesic Branko Dragicevic Lovrenc Lipej Marijana Pecarevic Vlasta Bartulovic Sanja Grđan Ivan Cvitkovic Tatjana Dobroslavic Ana Fortic Luka Glamuzina Borut Mavric Jovana Tomanic Marija Despalatovic Domen Trkov Marina Brailo Scepanovic Zoran Vidovic Predrag Simonovic Sanja Matic-Skoko Pero Tutman department of Applied ecology University of DubrovnikDubrovnikCroatia department of ecology and Vertebrate Zoology Faculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of LodzLodzPoland Faculty of Agriculture Department of FisheriesApicultureWildlife Management and Special ZoologyUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries SplitCroatia Institute of Marine biology University of MontenegroKotorMontenegro National Institute of biology Marine Biology Station PiranPiranSlovenia Teacher Education Faculty University of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia Faculty of biology University of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia

Globally,marine bioinvasions threaten marine ecosystem structure and function,with the Mediterranean Sea being one of the most affected regions.Such invasions are expected to increase due to climate change.We conducted a risk screening of marine organisms(37 fishes,38 invertebrates,and 9 plants),both extant and‘horizon’(i.e.,not present in the area but likely to enter it).Based on expert knowledge for the Eastern Adriatic Sea coasts of Slovenia,Croatia,and Montenegro,screenings were conducted under both current and predicted climate conditions indicating with an increase in sea surface temperature and salinity of the Adriatic Sea together with changes in precipitation regime.Our aims were to:(1)identify non-native extant and horizon marine species that may pose threats to native biodiversity and(2)evaluate the risk of invasiveness of the selected species under current and predicted climate conditions.Of the 84 species screened,there was an increase in those ranked as‘high risk’from 33(39.3%)under current climate conditions and to 47(56.0%)under global warming scenarios.For those ranked as‘very high’risk,the increase was from 6(7.1%)to 21(25.0%).Amongst the screened species,the already established high-risk species Pacific oyster Magallana gigas and Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus represent a threat to ecosystem services.Given the under-representation of marine species in the current European Union List,the species we have ranked as high to very high risk should be included.

关键词： AS-ISK Early detection Introduction vectors/pathways Invasive species Rapid response

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Large males have a mating advantage in a species of darter with smaller,allopaternal males Etheostoma olmstedi

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 1-5页

作者： Kelly A.STIVER Suzanne H.ALONZO department of ecology and Evolutionary biology Yale University

Theory suggests that males that are larger than their competitors may have increased mating success, due to bothgreater competitive ability and increased attractiveness to females. We examined how male mating success varies with male sizein the tessellated darter Etheostoma olmstedi. Previous work has shown that large males tend to move around and breed in vacantbreeding sites, and consequently provide less care for their eggs, while smaller individuals can be allopaternal, caring for the eggsof other males as well as for their own. We studied female egg deposition in a natural breeding population using artificial breedingsites and in the laboratory, where female choice of spawning site was restricted to two breeding sites tended by two males ofdifferent sizes. In both the field and the laboratory, nests tended by larger males were more likely to receive new eggs. Additionally,the mean size of males associated with a nest was positively correlated with both the maximum coverage of eggs at the nestand the number of times new eggs were deposited. We discuss how the increased mating success of larger males, despite their decreasedparental care, may help explain allopaternal care in this

关键词：男性交配物种优势繁殖育种竞争对手竞争能力繁殖种群

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No evidence for a genetic association between female mating preference and male secondary sexual trait in a Lake Victoria cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 57-64页

作者： Inke van der SLUIJS Ole SEEHAUSEN Tom J.M.Van DOOREN Jacques J.M.van ALPHEN department of Animal ecology Institute of Biology Leiden University department of biology McGill University Institute of ecology and Evolution University of Bern department of Fish ecology & Evolution Centre of Ecology Eawag Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and TechnologyEvolution & Biogeochemistry

Sexual selection by female mating preference for male nuptial coloration has been suggested as a driving force in therapid speciation of Lake Victoria cichlid fish. This process could have been facilitated or accelerated by genetic associations betweenfemale preference loci and male coloration loci. Preferences, as well as coloration, are heritable traits and are probably determinedby more than one gene. However, little is known about potential genetic associations between these traits. In turbid water,we found a population that is variable in male nuptial coloration from blue to yellow to red. Males at the extreme ends of thephenotype distribution resemble a reproductively isolated species pair in clear water that has diverged into one species withblue-grey males and one species with bright red males. Females of the turbid water population vary in mating preference coincidingwith the male phenotype distribution. For the current study, these females were mated to blue males. We measured the colorationof the sires and male offspring. Parents-offspring regression showed that the sires did not affect male offspring coloration,which confirms earlier findings that the blue species breeds true. In contrast, male offspring coloration was determined by theidentity of the dams, which suggests that there is heritable variation in male color genes between females. However, we found thatmating preferences of the dams were not correlated with male offspring coloration. Thus, there is no evidence for strong geneticlinkage between mating preference and the preferred trait in this

关键词：维多利亚湖遗传相关鲷科鱼类证据性状男性偏好交配

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Nutritional needs and mortality risk combine to shape foraging decisions in ants

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Current Zoology 2023年第6期69卷 747-755页

作者： Bryce Barbee Noa Pinter-Wollman department of ecology and Evolutionary biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

When foraging,internal needs for particular nutrients might affect food choice,and external constraints,such as predation risk,might impact trade-offs between foraging and risk avoidance.Examining both internal and external constraints simultaneously can provide important insights into how animals make decisions.We examined how internal nutritional needs and external cues of mortality risk jointly impact the foraging behavior of ants.Ant colonies require carbohydrates to support workers energetically and proteins to raise brood.Furthermore,colonies adjust their foraging activity in response to the environment,such as food availability and the presence of predators or heterospecifics.Here we exam-ine the foraging decisions of groups of Argentine ants Linepithema humile,which differ in their nutritional needs in high-risk environments.We starved groups of ants for either proteins or carbohydrates and determined the foraging choices that ants made when cues of heterospecifics were present.We found that ants preferentially forage for carbohydrates in high-risk conditions.Furthermore,starvation for carbohydrates increased the ants'preference for carbohydrates,even when cues of heterospecifics were present at both carbohydrates and protein resources.Starvation for protein also resulted in preferential foraging for carbohydrates,but it increased visitation to a protein food source in high-risk envi-ronments compared to when ants were starved for carbohydrates or for both resources.Examining the effect of both nutrition and mortality risk on foraging simultaneously provides insights about state-dependent risk-taking behavior that may have important implications for predicting theinvasionofspecies intonovelhabitats.

关键词： decision-making foraging nutrition risk trade-offs

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Colonies of ants allocate exploratory individuals to where they are ecologically needed

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Current Zoology 2023年第5期69卷 585-591页

作者： Max Madrzyk Noa Pinter-Wollman department of ecology and Evolutionary biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

Individual differences in behavior have large consequences for the way in which ecology impacts fitness.Individuals differ in how they explore their environment and how exploratory behavior benefits them.In group-living animals,behavioral heterogeneity can be beneficial because different individuals perform different tasks.For example,exploratory individuals may discover new food sources and recruit group members to exploit the food,while less exploratory individuals forgo the risks of exploration.Here we ask how individual variation in exploratory behavior affects the ability of Argentine ant Linepithema humile colonies to(1)locate novel food sources,(2)exploit known food resources,and(3)respond to disruptions while foraging.To address these questions,we conducted field experiments on L.humile foraging trails in which we manipulated food availability near and at the foraging trails and disrupted the foraging trails.We sampled individuals based on their response to the perturbations in the field and tested their exploratory behavior in the lab.We found that exploratory individuals benefit the colony by locating novel foods and increasing resource exploitation,but they do not play an important role in the recovery of a foraging trail after disruption.Thus,the benefits of behavioral heterogeneity to the group,specifically in exploratory behavior,differ across ecological contexts.

关键词： exploration foraging individual variation novel resources recruitment resilience

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gFACs:Gene Filtering,Analysis,and Conversion to Unify Genome Annotations Across Alignment and Gene Prediction Frameworks

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2019年第3期17卷 305-310页

作者： Madison Caballero Jill Wegrzyn department of ecology and Evolutionary biology University of Connecticut

Published genomes frequently contain erroneous gene models that represent issues associated with identification of open reading frames,start sites,splice sites,and related structural features.The source of these inconsistencies is often traced back to integration across text file formats designed to describe long read alignments and predicted gene structures.In addition,the majority of gene prediction frameworks do not provide robust downstream filtering to remove problematic gene annotations,nor do they represent these annotations in a format consistent with current file standards.These frameworks also lack consideration for functional attributes,such as the presence or absence of protein domains that can be used for gene model validation.To provide oversight to the increasing number of published genome annotations,we present a software package,the Gene Filtering,Analysis,and Conversion(gFACs),to filter,analyze,and convert predicted gene models and alignments.The software operates across a wide range of alignment,analysis,and gene prediction files with a flexible framework for defining gene models with reliable structural and functional attributes.gFACs supports common downstream applications,including genome browsers,and generates extensive details on the filtering process,including distributions that can be visualized to further assess the proposed gene space.gFACs is freely available and implemented in Perl with support from BioPerl libraries at https://***/PlantGenomicsLab/gFACs.

关键词： Genome annotation Bioinformatics Protein annotation Gene prediction Alignment

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What Has Genomics Taught An Evolutionary Biologist?

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2023年第1期21卷 1-12页

作者： Jianzhi Zhang department of ecology and Evolutionary biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Genomics,an interdisciplinary field of biology on the structure,function,and evolution of genomes,has revolutionized many subdisciplines of life sciences,including my field of evolutionary biology,by supplying huge data,bringing high-throughput technologies,and offering a new approach to biology.In this review,I describe what I have learned from genomics and highlight the fundamental knowledge and mechanistic insights gained.I focus on three broad topics that are central to evolutionary biology and beyond—variation,interaction,and selection—and use primarily my own research and study subjects as examples.In the next decade or two,I expect that the most important contributions of genomics to evolutionary biology will be to provide genome sequences of nearly all known species on Earth,facilitate high-throughput phenotyping of natural variants and systematically constructed mutants for mapping genotype–phenotype–fitness landscapes,and assist the determination of causality in evolutionary processes using experimental evolution.

关键词： Variation Interaction Selection Evolution Genetics Mutation

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Controlling and regulation of integrated aquaponic production systems – An approach for a management execution system (MES)

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2019年第3期6卷 326-334页

作者： Olaf Witzel Stefan Wilm Divas Karimanzira Daniela Baganz Automation&Software Gunther Tausch GmbH Bassower Str.217034 NeubrandenburgGermany Gesellschaft fur Informationsverarbeitung Fertigungssteuerung und Qualita tssicherungIFQ GmbH WismarAlter Holzhafen 17a23966 WismarGermany department of Surface and Maritime Systems Fraunhofer I0SB-ASTIlmenauAm Vogelherd 5098689 IlmenauGermany Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland FisheriesBerlinGermany

Manufacturing execution systems(MESs)play a significant role in the manufacturing paradigm.MES is there to link between the Enterprise Resource Planning(ERP)systems and the plant equipment control or Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition(SCADA)applications.In this paper the MES of the INAPRO aquaponics system which was developed to support and advise the aquaponics managers in operating the complex aquaponic farms,will be presented.One important feature of the INAPRO aquaponics system is to minimize fresh water<3%,energy and nutrient supplies.This can only be achieved by appropriate design of the fish and crop mixture,considering the fish to crop ratio,when to sow the crops etc.and to monitor the system to see whether it performing as designed or not.Therefore,the MES has a view to show the designed system with all the material flow(water,energy and nutrients)balances and also how the system will be performing for a given predictive horizon.Knowing the future developments of the system,the operator can taking corrective measures to make sure that the system is behaving as required.An example of water balance of a system with 40 m3 fish tanks coupled with a hydroponic NFT system with 1,000 m2 which can produce five tons of Tilapia and 75 tons of tomato yearly is given.

关键词： Aquaponics Manufacturing execution system Predictive analytics

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