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Vertical Sediment Concentration Distribution in High-Concentrated Flows:An Analytical Solution Using Homotopy Analysis Method

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第9期69卷 367-378页

作者： Manotosh Kumbhakar Jitraj Saha Koeli Ghoshal Jitendra Kumar Vijay P.Singh department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpur 721302India department of Mathematics National Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalliTamil Nadu 620015India department of biological and agricultural engineering&zachry department of civil engineering Texas A~M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

Transport of suspended sediment in open channel flow has an enormous impact on real life situations,*** and management of reservoir sedimentation,geomorphic evolution such as dunes,rivers,and coastlines *** entails advection and *** diffusion is governed by the concept of Fick’s law,which is based on the molecular diffusion theory,and the equation that represents the distribution of sediment concentration is the advection-diffusion *** study uses the existing governing equation which considers different phases for solid and fluid,and then couples the two *** deal with high-concentrated flow,sediment and turbulent diffusion coefficients are taken to be different from each *** effect of hindered settling on sediment particles is incorporated in the governing equation,which makes the equation highly *** study derives an explicit closed-form analytical solution to the generalized one-dimensional diffusion equation representing the vertical sediment concentration distribution with an arbitrary turbulent diffusion coefficient *** solution is obtained by Homotopy Analysis Method,which does not rely on the small parameters present in the ***,the solution is validated by comparing it with the implicit solution and the numerical solution.A relevant set of laboratory data is selected to check the applicability of the model,and a close agreement shows the potential of the model in the context of application to high-concentrated sediment-laden open channel flow.

关键词： open channel flow diffusion equation hunt equation homotopy analysis method

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Dynamic regulation of the irrigation-nitrogen-biochar nexus for the synergy of yield,quality,carbon emission and resource use efficiency in tomato

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 680-697页

作者： Ping’an Zhang Mo Li Qiang Fu Vijay PSingh Changzheng Du Dong Liu Tianxiao Li Aizheng Yang School of Water Conservancy&civil engineering Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of agricultural Water Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China department of biological and agricultural engineering&zachry department of civil&Environmental engineering Texas A&M UniversityTX 77843-117USA National Water and Energy Center UAE UniversityAI Ain999041United Arab Emirates Heilongjiang agricultural engineering Vocational College Harbin 150030China

Integrated water and fertilizer management is important for promoting sustainable development of facility agriculture,and biochar plays an important role in guaranteeing food production,as well as alleviating water shortages and the overuse of *** field experiment had twelve treatments and a control(CK)trial including two irrigation amounts(I1,100%ETm;I2,60%ETm;where ETm is the maximum evapotranspiration),two nitrogen applications(N1,360 kg ha^(−1);N2,120 kg ha^(−1))and three biochar application levels(B1,60 t ha^(−1);B_(2),30 t ha^(−1)and B3,0 t ha^(−1)).A multi-objective synergistic irrigation-nitrogen-biochar application system for improving tomato yield,quality,water and nitrogen use efficiency,and greenhouse emissions was developed by integrating the techniques of experimentation and ***,a coupled irrigation-nitrogen-biochar plot experiment was ***,tomato yield and fruit quality parameters were determined experimentally to establish the response relationships between irrigation-nitrogen-biochar dosage and yield,comprehensive quality of tomatoes(TCQ),irrigation water use efficiency(IWUE),partial factor productivity of nitrogen(PFPN),and net greenhouse gas emissions(NGE).Finally,a multi-objective dynamic optimization regulation model of irrigation-nitrogen-biochar resource allocation at different growth stages of tomato was constructed which was solved by the fuzzy programming *** results showed that the application of irrigation and nitrogen to biochar promoted increase in yield,IWUE and PFPN,while it had an inhibitory effect on *** addition,the optimal allocation amounts of water and fertilizer were different under different *** yield of the S1 scenario increased by 8.31%compared to the B_(1)I_(1)N_(2) treatment;TCQ of the S2 scenario increased by 5.14%compared to the B_(2)I_(2)N_(1) treatment;IWUE of the S3 scenario increased by 10.01%compared to the B1I2N2 treatment;PFPN of the S4 scenario increased by

关键词： irrigation-nitrogen-biochar dynamic regulation multi-dimensional target collaboration tomato sustainability

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Cropping pattern optimization considering uncertainty of water availability and water saving potential

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International Journal of agricultural and biological engineering 2018年第1期11卷 178-186页

作者： Lina Hao Xiaoling Su Vijay P.Singh College of Water Resources and Architectural engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina department of biological&agricultural engineering and zachry department of civil engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843-2117USA

In arid and semi-arid areas,the profitability of irrigated agriculture mainly depends on the availability of water resources and optimal cropping patterns of irrigation *** this study,an integrated agricultural cropping pattern optimization model was developed with considering the uncertainty of water availability and water saving potential in the future,aiming to maximize agricultural net benefit per unit of irrigation *** available water which was based on the uncertainty of runoff was divided into five *** irrigation water-saving potential in the future was quantified by assuming an increase in the rate irrigation water-saving of 10% and 20%.The model was applied to the middle reaches of Heihe River basin,in Gansu Province,*** showed that if the irrigation water-saving rate was assumed to increase by 10%,then the net water-saving quantity would increase by 21.5-22.5 million m3 and the gross water-saving quantity would increase by 275.7-303.0 million ***,if the irrigation water-saving rate increased by 20%,then the net water-saving quantity would increase by 43.0-45.1 million m3 and the gross water-saving quantity would increase by 331.7-383.2 million *** the agricultural cropping pattern was optimized,the optimal water and cultivated area allocation for maize would be greater than those for other *** the premise that similar volume of irrigation water quantity was available in different scenarios,results showed differences in system benefit and net benefit per unit of irrigation water,for the distribution of available irrigation water was diverse in different irrigation districts.

关键词： cropping pattern optimization irrigation water-saving potential different scenarios water availability water use efficiency particle swarm optimization(PSO)

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Spatiotemporal distribution of soil moisture in gully facies

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第1期8卷 15-25页

作者： Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi Gholam Ali Ghaffari Abdulsaleh Rangavar Zeinab Hazbavi Vijay P.Singh department of Watershed Management engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesMember of Agrohydrology GroupTarbiat Modares UniversityNoor***Mazandaran ProvinceIran department of Watershed Management engineering Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityNoor46417-76489Iran Scientific Member of Khorasan Razavi Research Centre for Agriculture and Natural Resources MashhadIran Watershed Management Sciences and engineering Department of Watershed Management EngineeringFaculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityIran department of Watershed Management engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityNoor ***Mazandaran ProvinceIran Water engineering Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering&Zachry Department of CivilEngineeringTexas A and M UniversityCollege StationTX77843-2117USA

Gully erosion is one of the most important forms of land degradation in many regions of the *** the process of gully erosion therefore is important for better management of the wa-tersheds prone to gully ***,many different aspects of gully erosion,like hydrological behavior,are still not fully *** present study investigates the spatial distribution of soil moisture content(SMC),as one of the hydrological factors,at different depths and points across the cross section in the vicinity of the headcut of three gullies located in the Kalat County,Khorasan Razavi Province,*** were measured at depths of 10,20,30,50,70 and 100 cm at each seven points across the study cross sections one to three days after occurrence of three rain *** sampling points were symmetrically located at a distance of 50 cm outside the gully banks,two at the vertex of the sidewalls,two in the middle of the sidewalls and one at the center of gully cross *** were measured using a weighted *** of the study revealed a broad range of changes in SMCs at various depths and *** minimum and maximum SMCs were found to be about 2%and 38%,respectively,for the study period and gullies under *** coefficient of variation(CV)had drastic changes for various gullies and storm events from 2 to 107%.Results further indicated that SMC moved from the sidewalls towards the floor of the cross ***,the maximum SMC for storm events was associated with the point located in the center of gullies,which indicated the role of gully system in draining soil *** findings of this study will help watershed managers un-derstand the important role of gully facies in changing water content of the soil that affects other eco-hydrological processes.

关键词： Soil moisture capacity Soil water Subsurface runoff Water erosion

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Application of zeolite adsorption and biological anaerobic digestion technology on hydrothermal liquefaction wastewater

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International Journal of agricultural and biological engineering 2017年第1期10卷 163-168页

作者： Li Ruirui Ran Xia Duan Na Yuanhui Zhang Liu Zhidan Lu Haifeng College of Water Resource and civil engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China department of agricultural and biological engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana 61801USA

The post-hydrothermal liquefaction wastewater(PHWW)was obtained from a conversion process of Spirulina *** bio-crude oil via hydrothermal liquefaction(HTL)technology that was rich in organic matter and *** this study,zeolite was applied to overcome the inhibitions and improve anaerobic digestion(AD)*** zeolite adding ways were evaluated:PHWW pretreated with zeolite for 5 h with/without solid-liquid separation before AD process and zeolite added to PHWW AD process directly,in order to find the most ideal way to add *** indicated that zeolite had a positive effect on the AD process of the *** gas potential of PHWW after adding zeolite,as well as the chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal rate,was much higher than those of its initial *** when the PHWW was pretreated by zeolite for 5 h without separation,the biogas yield increased by 73.96%(6170μmol/g CODremoved)compared with the initial PHWW(3546.7μmol/g CODremoved).

关键词： post-hydrothermal liquefaction wastewater anaerobic digestion zeolite adsorption biogas

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Isolation and Expression Analysis of Two Genes Encoding Cinnamate 4-Hydroxylase from Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第10期13卷 2102-2112页

作者： NI Zhi-yong LI Bo Neumann M Peter Lü Meng FAN Ling Institute of Nuclear and biological Technologies Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Agronomy Xinjiang Agricultural University Plant Physiology Laboratory Department of EnvironmentalWater and Agricultural EngineeringFaculty of Civil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology

Two genes （GhC4H1 and GhC4H2） that encode putative cotton cinnamate 4-hydroxylases that catalyze the second step in the phenylpropanoid pathway were isolated from developing cotton fibers. GhC4H1 and GhC4H2 each contain open reading frames of 1 518 base pairs （bp） in length and both encode proteins consisting of 505 amino acid residues. They are 90.89% identical to each other at the amino acid sequence level and belong to class I of plant C4Hs. GhC4H1 and GhC4H2 genomic DNA are 2 247 and 2 161 bp long, respectively, and contain two introns located at conserved positions relative to the coding sequence. GhC4HI and GhC4H2 promoters were isolated and found to contain many cis-elements （boxes P, L and AC-1 element） previously identified in the promoters of other phenylpropanoid pathway genes. Histochemical staining showed GUS expression driven by the GhC4H1 and GhC4H2 promoters in ovules and fibers tissues. GhC4H1 and GhC4H2 were also widely expressed in other cotton tissues. GhC4H2 expression reached its highest level during the elongation stage of fiber development, whereas GhC4H1 expression increased during the secondary wall development period in cotton fibers. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the biochemical role of GhC4H1 and GhC4H2 in cotton fiber development.

关键词： cinnamate 4-hydroxylase Gossypium hirsutum promoter analysis phenylpropanoid pathway

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Breakthrough of Carbon-Ash Recalcitrance in Hydrochar via Molten Carbonate:engineering Mineral-Rich Biowaste Toward Sustainable Platform Carbon Materials

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engineering 2024年第5期36卷 167-177页

作者： Zihan Wang Leli Zhang Yuanhui Zhang Zhidan Liu Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy(E2E) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and EnvironmentMinistry of AgricultureCollege of Water Resources and Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China department of agricultural and biological engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

The function-led design of porous hydrochar from mineral-rich biowaste for environmental applications inevitably suffers from carbon-ash ***,a method to alter the original carbon skeleton with ash remains elusive and hinders the availability of ***,we propose a facile strategy for breaking the rigid structure of carbon-ash coupled hydrochar using phase-tunable molten carbonates.A case system was designed in which livestock manure and NaHCO3 were used to prepare the activated hydrochar,and NH3 served as the target *** to the redox effect,we found that organic fractions significantly advanced the melting temperature of Na2CO3 below 800℃.The Na species steadily broke the carbon-ash interaction as the thermal intensity increased and transformed inorganic constituents to facilitate ash dissolution,rebuilding the hydrochar skeleton with abundant hierarchical channels and active defect *** surface polarity and mesopore distribution collectively governed the five cycles NH3 adsorption attenuation *** hydrochar delivered favorable potential for application with a maximum overall adsorption capacity of 100.49 mg·g^(-1).Integrated spectroscopic characterization and theoretical computations revealed that incorporating NH3 on the carbon surface could transfer electrons to chemisorbed oxygen,which promoted the oxidation of pyridine-N during *** work offers deep insight into the structure function correlation of hydrochar and inspires a more rational design of engineered hydrochar from high-ash biowaste.

关键词： Hydrochar Livestock manure Ammonia adsorption Deashing Oxygen activation

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Shear Flow Dispersion Under Wave and Current

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China Ocean engineering 2007年第4期21卷 549-560页

作者： Sandeep PATIL A. K. RASTOGI 张庆河 Rajeev MISRA S. K. UKRANDE biological and agricultural engineering Texas A & M University Texas USA department of civil engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay India School of civil engineering Tianjin University Water and Power Consultants New Delhi India MGM College of engineering New Bombay India

The longitudinal dispersion of solute in open channel flow with short period progressive waves is investigated. The waves induce second order drift velocity in the direction of propagation and enhance the mixing process in concurrent direction. The 1-D wave-period-averaged dispersion equation is derived and an expression for the wave-current induced longitudinal dispersion coefficient （WCLDC） is propased based on Fiscber＇ s expression （1979） for dispersion in unidirectional flow. The result shows that the effect of waves on dispersion is mainly due to the cross-sectional variation of the drift velocity. Furthermore, to obtain a more practical expression of the WCLDC, the longitudinal dispersion coefficient due to Seo and Cheong （1998） is modified to incluee the effect of drift velocity. Laboratory experiments have been conducted to verify the propased expression. The experimental results, together with dimensional analysis, show that tbe wave effect can be reflected by the ratio between the wave amplitude and wave period. A comparative study between the cases with and without waves demonstrates that the magnitude of the longitudinal dispersion coefficient is increased nnder the presence of waves.

关键词： longitudinal dispersion under wave-current flow drift velocity multiple regression analysis

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The Role of Biochar to Enhance Anaerobic Digestion: A Review

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2020年第9期8卷 1033-1052页

作者： Shuai Tang Zixin Wang Zhidan Liu Yuanhui Zhang Buchun Si Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy(E2E) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and EnvironmentMinistry of AgricultureCollege of Water Resources and Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China department of agricultural and biological engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

Biochar,one of the products of thermochemical conversion of biomass,possesses specific physiochemical properties such as conductivity,pore adsorption,surface functional groups,and cation exchange *** digestion(AD)as a classical bio-wastes conversion technology,suffers from inhibitions,process instability,and methanogenic inefficiency which limit its *** the advantages of pH buffering,functional microbes enrichment,inhibitors alleviating,and direct interspecies electron transfer(DIET)accelerating,biochar suggests a promising application as additives for ***,this paper reviewed the noting physicochemical properties of biochar,and discussed its roles and related mechanisms in ***,this paper highlighted the advantages and drawbacks,and pointed out the corresponding challenges and prospects for future research and application of biochar amending AD.

关键词： Biochar physiochemical properties anaerobic digestion methane production mechanisms

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Application of tobacco stems briquetting in tobacco flue-curing in rural area of China

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International Journal of agricultural and biological engineering 2015年第6期8卷 84-88页

作者： Wang Xinfeng Xu Guizhuan Zhang Bailiang Jiao Youzhou Lu Haifeng Li Baoming department of agricultural Structure and Bio-environmental engineering College of Water Resources&Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China department of Bio-energy and Bio-environmental engineering College of Mechanical&Electrical EngineeringHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China

To reduce the conventional energy consumption in rural area of China,tobacco stems briquetting(TSB)was used as fuel during the process of tobacco flue-curing,compared with honeycomb briquette(HB).Three fire furnaces with different heat exchangers using TSB were compared using the tobacco *** results showed that the smog temperature of TSB was higher than that of HB,the efficiency of bio-fuel system with TSB was from 43.5%to 54%,while the efficiency of traditional fuel system was 51.5%.And the cost of tobacco flue-curing per hectare with TSB and HB was$750.0 and$1282.5,*** is proved that TSB is an alternative choice using for the industry of tobacco flue-curing,and the improvement in the structure of fire furnace could optimize the process of tobacco flue-curing.

关键词： biomass briquetting tobacco flue-curing bio-fuel fire furnace

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