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Pro-fertility effect of Ficus carica fruit extract in streptozotocin-induced male rats

Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第1期13卷 34-41页

作者： Mat Noor Mahanem Subramaniam Puvaratnesh AbuBakar Umarqayum Shamsusah Nadia A department of biological sciences and Biotechnology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Institute of biological sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia department of Earth sciences and Environment Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi 43600Malaysia

Objective:To explore the impact of Ficus carica fruit aqueous extract on fertility parameters in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced male ***:Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four different *** groups except a normal control group were induced with 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin(STZ)intravenously to induce diabetes.A positive control group was treated with an antidiabetic drug,metformin(500 mg/kg)whereas a negative control group remained untreated throughout the ***,another diabetic rat group received treatment with 400 mg/kg of aqueous Ficus carica fruit *** in the treatment group were administered Ficus carica fruit aqueous extract daily through forcefeeding via oral gavage for a 21-day *** included the sperm quality(count,motility and morphology),histology of the testes,serum testosterone and fasting blood glucose(FBG)***:The FBG level of the Ficus carica-treated rats exhibited a significant decrease compared to the negative control group(P<0.05).Sperm quality analysis also indicated that the aqueous Ficus carica extract had significant positive effects on sperm count and motility(P<0.05).The histology of the testes in Ficus caricatreated rats revealed an improved cell arrangement in the germinal cell ***,serum testosterone level showed an increment in the Ficus carica treatment group in comparison to the negative control ***:Our findings provide compelling evidence for the profertility and anti-hyperglycemic properties of aqueous Ficus carica fruit extract in diabetic-induced male rats.

关键词： Ficus carica fruit Male fertility parameter Diabetes mellitus Anti-hyperglicemic

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Environmentally adaptive reshaping of plant photomorphogenesis by karrikin and strigolactone signaling

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第5期66卷 865-882页

作者： Young-Joon Park Bo Eun Nam Chung-Mo Park department of Smart Farm Science Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Korea departmentof biological sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea department of Chemistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Coordinated morphogenic adaptation of growing plants is critical for their survival and propagation under fluctuating *** morphogenic responses to light and warm temperatures,termed photomorphogenesis and thermomorphogenesis,respectively,have been extensively studied in recent *** photomorphogenesis,plants actively reshape their growth and developmental patterns to cope with changes in light ***,photomorphogenesis is closely associated with diverse growth hormonal ***,accumulating evidence indicates that light-directed morphogenesis is profoundly affected by two recently identified phytochemicals,karrikins(KARs)and strigolactones(SLs).KARs and SLs are structurally related butenolides acting as signaling molecules during a variety of developmental steps,including seed *** receptors and signaling mediators have been identified,and associated working mechanisms have been explored using gene-deficient mutants in various plant *** particular interest is that the KAR and SL signaling pathways play important roles in environmental responses,among which their linkages with photomorphogenesis are most comprehensively studied during seedling *** this review,we focus on how the phytochemical and light signals converge on the optimization of morphogenic *** also discuss molecular mechanisms underlying the signaling crosstalks with an aim of developing potential ways to improve crop productivity under climate changes.

关键词： karrikins morphogenic adaptation photomorphogenesis seedling establishment strigolactones

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Long-term monitoring of cycles in Clethrionomys rutilus in the Yukon boreal forest

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 27-36页

作者： Charles J.KREBS Alice J.KENNEY B.Scott GILBERT Rudy BOONSTRA department of Zoology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada Renewable Resources Management Program Yukon UniversityWhitehorseYukonCanada department of biological sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoOntarioCanada

Baseline studies of small rodent populations in undisturbed ecosystems are *** report here 50 years of mon-itoring and experimentation in Yukon of a dominant rodent species in the North American boreal forest,the red-backed vole Clethrionomys *** voles breed in summer,weigh 20–25 g,and reach a maximum density of 20 to 25 per *** populations have shown consistent 3–4-year cycles for the last 50 years with the only change being that peak densities averaged 8/ha until 2000 and 18/ha since that *** the last 25 years,we have measured food resources,predator numbers,and winter weather,and for 1-year social interactions,to estimate their contribution to changes in the rate of summer increase and the rate of overwinter *** these potential limiting factors could contribute to changes in density,and we measured their relative contributions statistically with multiple *** rate of winter decline in density was related to both food supply and winter *** rate of summer increase was related to summer berry crops and white spruce cone *** measure of predator numbers was related to winter or summer changes in vole *** was a large signal of climate change effects in these *** is no density dependence in summer population growth and only a weak one in winter population *** of our results provide a clear understanding of what generates 3–4-year cycles in these voles,and the major missing piece may be an understanding of social interactions at high density.

关键词： boreal forest climate change density dependence population cycles predation winter severity

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Indispensable gutter layers in thin-film composite membranes for carbon capture

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第8期9卷 1220-1238页

作者： Gengyi Zhang Haiqing Lin department of Chemical and biological Engineering University at Buffalo The State University at New York

Industrial thin-film composite(TFC) membranes achieve superior gas separation properties from high-performance selective layer materials,while the success of membrane technology relies on high-performance gutter layers to achieve production scalability and low-cost manufacturing. However, the current literature predominantly focuses on the design of polymer architectures to obtain high permeability and selectivity, while the art of fabricating gutter layers is usually safeguarded by industrial manufacturers and appears lackluster to academic researchers. This is the first report aiming to provide a comprehensive and critical review of state-of-the-art gutter layer materials and their design and modification to enable TFC membranes with superior separation performance. We first elucidate the importance of the gutter layer on membrane performance through modeling and experimental results. Then various gutter layer materials used to obtain high-performance composite membranes are critically reviewed, and the strategies to improve their compatibility with the selective layer are highlighted, such as oxygen plasma treatment, polydopamine deposition, and surface grafting. Finally, we present the opportunities of the gutter layer design for practical applications.

关键词： Thin-film composite membranes Gutter layer Gas separation Carbon capture

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How do neurons age?A focused review on the aging of the microtubular cytoskeleton

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1899-1907页

作者： Brad Richardson Thomas Goedert Shmma Quraishe Katrin Deinhardt Amritpal Mudher School of biological sciences University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine University of OxfordOxfordUK

Aging is the leading risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. We now understand that a breakdown in the neuronal cytoskeleton, mainly underpinned by protein modifications leading to the destabilization of microtubules, is central to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. This is accompanied by morphological defects across the somatodendritic compartment, axon, and synapse. However, knowledge of what occurs to the microtubule cytoskeleton and morphology of the neuron during physiological aging is comparatively poor. Several recent studies have suggested that there is an age-related increase in the phosphorylation of the key microtubule stabilizing protein tau, a modification, which is known to destabilize the cytoskeleton in Alzheimer’s disease. This indicates that the cytoskeleton and potentially other neuronal structures reliant on the cytoskeleton become functionally compromised during normal physiological aging. The current literature shows age-related reductions in synaptic spine density and shifts in synaptic spine conformation which might explain age-related synaptic functional deficits. However, knowledge of what occurs to the microtubular and actin cytoskeleton, with increasing age is extremely limited. When considering the somatodendritic compartment, a regression in dendrites and loss of dendritic length and volume is reported whilst a reduction in soma volume/size is often seen. However, research into cytoskeletal change is limited to a handful of studies demonstrating reductions in and mislocalizations of microtubule-associated proteins with just one study directly exploring the integrity of the microtubules. In the axon, an increase in axonal diameter and age-related appearance of swellings is reported but like the dendrites, just one study investigates the microtubules directly with others reporting loss or mislocalization of microtubule-associated proteins. Though these are the general trends reported, there are clea

关键词： age-related changes aging cytoskeleton microtubules neuronal morphology

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SCAB1 coordinates sequential Ca^(2+) and ABA signals during osmotic stress induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis

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Science China(Life sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 1-18页

作者： Tianren Zhang Li Bai Yan Guo State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Hyperosmotic stress caused by drought is a detrimental threat to plant growth and agricultural productivity due to limited water *** are gateways of transpiration and gas exchange,the swift adjustment of stomatal aperture has a strong influence on plant drought *** intensive investigations of stomatal closure during drought stress in past decades,little is known about how sequential signals are integrated during complete ***,we discovered that the rapid Ca^(2+) signaling and subsequent abscisic acid(ABA)signaling contribute to the kinetics of both F-actin reorganizations and stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana,while STOMATAL CLOSURE-RELATED ACTIN BINDING PROTEIN1(SCAB1)is the molecular switch for this entire *** the early stage of osmotic shock responses,swift elevated calcium signaling promotes SCAB1 phosphorylation through calcium sensors CALCIUM DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE3(CPK3)and *** phosphorylation restrained the microfilament binding affinity of SCAB1,which bring about the Factin disassembly and stomatal closure *** the osmotic stress signal continued,both the kinase activity of CPK3 and the phosphorylation level of SCAB1 attenuated *** further found that ABA signaling is indispensable for these attenuations,which presumably contributed to the actin filament reassembly process as well as completion of stomatal ***,the dynamic changes of SCAB1 phosphorylation status are crucial for the kinetics of stomatal *** together,our results support a model in which SCAB1 works as a molecular switch,and directs the microfilament rearrangement through integrating the sequentially generated Ca^(2+) and ABA signals during osmotic stress induced stomatal closure.

关键词： calcium signal ABA stomatal movement microfilaments kinase

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Each coin has 2 sides: a positive role of alien Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Grey, 1843) snails in reducing the infection of native lymnaeids with trematodes

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 262-269页

作者： Anna Cichy Anna Stanicka Elzbieta Zbikowska Faculty of biological and Veterinary sciences Nicolaus Copernicus University in TorunLwowska 187-100 TorunPoland

The change in the distribution of organisms in freshwater ecosystems due to natural or manmade processes raises the question of the impact of alien species on local *** most studies indicate a negative effect,the positive one is more difficult to discern,espe-cially in multispecies systems,including hosts and *** purpose of the study was to check whether the presence of an alien host,Potamopyrgus antipodarum,reduces the intensity of Echinoparyphium aconiatum metacercariae in a native host,Radix *** additionally tested the impact of water temperature and the biomass of the alien host on the dilution *** experimentally studied(1)the lifespan of echinostome cercariae in different temperatures,(2)the infectivity of cercariae toward the alien host and native host,and(3)the impact of different biomass of the alien host on the intensity of metacercariae in the native *** found that cercarial survival and infectivity were tem-perature ***,cercarial survival decreased with increasing temperature,contrary to cercarial *** cercariae entered the renal cavity of both the native host and alien host,and successfully transformed into *** number of metacercariae in the native host decreased with the increasing biomass of the alien *** results indicate that lymnaeids may benefit from the co-occur-rence with P antipodarum,as the presence of additional hosts of different origins may reduce the prevalence of parasites in native ***,the scale of the dilution effect depends not only on the increased spectrum of susceptible hosts but also on the other variables of the environment,including water temperature and host density.

关键词： biological invasion density dilution effect echinostomes Radix spp. temperature.

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Alpha-synuclein in mitochondrial dysfunction:opportunities or obstacles

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 197-198页

作者： Shermali Gunawardena department of biological sciences The State University of New York at BuffaloBuffaloNYUSA

Recent work suggests a link betweenα-synuclein(α-syn)and mitochondrial dysfunction;however,the mechanisms of howα-syn influences mitochondrial function are still *** notably,whetherα-syn plays a direct role during mitochondrial function and/or whether diseasedα-syn-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction is a potential modifiable risk factor in Parkinson’s disease(PD)is *** date,mutations in more than eight genes cause familial PD(fPD)and have functions in diverse pathways including synaptic homeostasis,mitochondria maintenance,autophagy/lysosome,and ubiquitin-proteasome pathways.

关键词： dysfunction homeostasis Alpha

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Unveiling the atomic-scale transition between light harvesting and photoprotective states in plant photosynthesis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1375-1377页

作者： Alexander V.Ruban School of biological and Behavioural sciences Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK

Non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching(NPQ) stands as a cornerstone in the realm of photosynthesis research, attracting generations of dedicated scientists in their quest to unravel its mysteries. This mechanism, crucial for safeguarding photosynthesis, plays a pivotal role in regulating light harvesting, particularly in oxygenic photosynthesis where the oxygen-evolving photosystem II (PSII)is susceptible to photodamage [1].

关键词： harvesting protective attracting

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Evaluation of growth performance,feed efficiency and nutrient digestibility of red hybrid tilapia fed dietary inclusion of black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第1期9卷 46-51页

作者： Hasniyati Muin Norhidayah Mohd Taufek Aqua-Nutri Biotech Laboratory Institute of Biological SciencesUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Ladang Mini Institute of Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia

Insects,particularly black soldier fly larvae(BSFM),Hermetia illucens,have been regarded as promising protein and lipid sources in animal feed,including *** is the key factor that affects nutrient utilization,feeding physiology and *** the present work,the effect of BSFM on the digestibility of red hybrid tilapia(RHT)compared to fish meal(FM)was ultimately unveiled.A 56-day growth trial was performed with 60 RHT(~30 g)randomly distributed into six tanks and fed two experimental diets containing FM as a reference diet and BSFM as a test *** addition,faeces were collected to determine their chromium concentration and proximate *** apparent digestibility coefficient(ADC)of dry matter,crude protein and energy in the BSFM diet were observed to be significantly higher than those in the FM ***,the growth performance of fish fed with the BSFM diet exhibited significantly higher(P<0.05)weight gain,specific growth rate,protein efficiency ratio and lower feed conversion ratio than those in the FM *** study shows that the BSFM feed was well digested by tilapia and improved its growth performance.

关键词： Insect meal Black soldier fly larvae Red hybrid tilapia Digestibility Hermetia illucens

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