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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 671-681页

作者： Angelid Pabon Jagannatham Naidu Bhupana Ching-On Wong department of biological sciences Rutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA

Cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to adapt to changes in nutrient availability, cellular activity, and transitions in cell states. The balance between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration is crucial for energy production, and metabolic reprogramming stipulates a shift in such balance to optimize both bioenergetic efficiency and anabolic requirements. Failure in switching bioenergetic dependence can lead to maladaptation and pathogenesis. While cellular degradation is known to recycle precursor molecules for anabolism, its potential role in regulating energy production remains less explored. The bioenergetic switch between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration involves transcription factors and organelle homeostasis, which are both regulated by the cellular degradation pathways. A growing body of studies has demonstrated that both stem cells and differentiated cells exhibit bioenergetic switch upon perturbations of autophagic activity or endolysosomal processes. Here, we highlighted the current understanding of the interplay between degradation processes, specifically autophagy and endolysosomes, transcription factors, endolysosomal signaling, and mitochondrial homeostasis in shaping cellular bioenergetics. This review aims to summarize the relationship between degradation processes and bioenergetics, providing a foundation for future research to unveil deeper mechanistic insights into bioenergetic regulation.

关键词： autophagy bioenergetics endolysosome energy production glycolysis metabolic reprogramming mitochondria

Astrocytes integrate time and space

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 467-468页

作者： Justin Lines department of biological sciences Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

Astrocytes read and react to synaptic transmission through tripartite synapses,where the binding of neurotransmitters onto astrocytic receptors triggers an increase in intracellular *** investigations have revealed that astrocytes exhibit two distinct states of intracellular calcium activity:(1)graded subcellular localized clusters with independently active microdomains,likely influenced by nearby synaptic events,and(2)whole-cell astrocyte calcium surges,believed to result from the coordinated activation of multiple ***,astrocyte calcium responses are not solely graded;instead,a spatial threshold of intracellular calcium activity can be overcome to elicit an astrocyte calcium *** these calcium responses,in turn,initiate downstream signaling pathways capable of modifying synaptic communication and overall network *** summary,astrocytes can function as integrators of local synaptic events,actively contributing to information processing within the brain.

关键词： graded integrate instead

Increase in the variability of terrestrial carbon uptake in response to enhanced future ENSO modulation

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 32-38页

作者： Younong Li Li Dan Jing Peng Qidong Yang Fuqiang Yang Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Atmospheric environment and Processes in the Boundary Layer over the Low-Latitude Plateau Region Department of Atmospheric ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingChina

El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is a major driver of climate change in middle and low latitudes and thus strongly influences the terrestrial carbon cycle through land-air *** the ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability are projected to increase in the future,but their connection still needs further *** investigate the impact of future ENSO modulation on carbon flux variability,this study used 10 CMIP6 earth system models to analyze ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability in middle and low latitudes,and their relationship,under different scenarios simulated by CMIP6 *** results show a high consistency in the simulations,with both ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability showing an increasing trend in the *** higher the emissions scenario,especially SSP5-8.5 compared to SSP2-4.5,the greater the increase in *** flux variability in the middle and low latitudes under SSP2-4.5 increases by 30.9%compared to historical levels during 1951-2000,while under SSP5-8.5 it increases by 58.2%.Further analysis suggests that ENSO influences mid-and low-latitude carbon flux variability primarily through *** occurrence may potentially be attributed to the increased responsiveness of gross primary productivity towards regional temperature fluctuations,combined with the intensified influence of ENSO on land surface temperatures.

关键词： Carbon variability ENSO modulation CMIP6 models

Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon C.Smith Jessica L.Williams department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA department of biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(CNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

Alpha-synuclein in mitochondrial dysfunction:opportunities or obstacles

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 197-198页

作者： Shermali Gunawardena department of biological sciences The State University of New York at BuffaloBuffaloNYUSA

Recent work suggests a link betweenα-synuclein(α-syn)and mitochondrial dysfunction;however,the mechanisms of howα-syn influences mitochondrial function are still *** notably,whetherα-syn plays a direct role during mitochondrial function and/or whether diseasedα-syn-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction is a potential modifiable risk factor in Parkinson’s disease(PD)is *** date,mutations in more than eight genes cause familial PD(fPD)and have functions in diverse pathways including synaptic homeostasis,mitochondria maintenance,autophagy/lysosome,and ubiquitin-proteasome pathways.

关键词： dysfunction homeostasis Alpha

Apolipoprotein E elicits targetdirected miRNA degradation to maintain neuronal integrity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2577-2578页

作者： Jiazi Tan Chin-Tong Ong Temasek Life sciences Laboratory National University of SingaporeSingapore department of biological sciences National University of SingaporeSingapore

Apolipoprotein E has diverse functions in neurons:Apolipoprotein E(ApoE)is a glycoprotein that primarily regulates lipid metabolism and transport in the central nervous *** are three predominant human ApoE protein isoforms with cysteine and arginine substitutions at amino acid positions 112 and 158 that impact their lipidation and related functions(Flowers and Rebeck,2020).ApoE2 is characterized by Cys112 and Cys158,ApoE3 by Cys112 and Arg158,whereas ApoE4 contains Arg112 and Arg158.

关键词： metabolism glycoprotein maintain

Unlocking the stable interface in aqueous zinc-ion battery with multifunctional xylose-based electrolyte additives

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 770-778页

作者： Xiaoqin Li Jian Xiang Lu Qiu Xiaohan Chen Yinkun Zhao Yujue Wang Qu Yue Taotao Gao Wenlong Liu Dan Xiao Zhaoyu Jin Panpan Li institute for Advanced Study Chengdu University School of Mechanical Engineering Chengdu University College of Food and biological Engineering Chengdu University institute of Fundamental and Frontier sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan University

The growth of dendrites and the side reactions occurring at the Zn anode pose significant challenges to the commercialization of aqueous Zn-ion batteries（AZIBs）. These challenges arise from the inherent conflict between mass transfer and electrochemical kinetics. In this study, we propose the use of a multifunctional electrolyte additive based on the xylose（Xylo） molecule to address these issues by modulating the solvation structure and electrode/electrolyte interface, thereby stabilizing the Zn anode. The introduction of the additive alters the solvation structure, creating steric hindrance that impedes charge transfer and then reduces electrochemical kinetics. Furthermore, in-situ analyses demonstrate that the reconstructed electrode/electrolyte interface facilitates stable and rapid Zn2+ion migration and suppresses corrosion and hydrogen evolution reactions. As a result, symmetric cells incorporating the Xylo additive exhibit significantly enhanced reversibility during the Zn plating/stripping process, with an impressively long lifespan of up to 1986 h, compared to cells using pure ZnSO4electrolyte. When combined with a polyaniline cathode, the full cells demonstrate improved capacity and long-term cyclic stability. This work offers an effective direction for improving the stability of Zn anode via electrolyte design, as well as highperformance AZIBs.

关键词： Solvation

Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing SMN1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon J.Brown Rafael J.Yáñez-Muñoz Heidi R.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

Cholesterol metabolism: physiological versus pathological aspects in intracerebral hemorrhage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1015-1030页

作者： Ruoyu Huang Qiuyu Pang Lexin Zheng Jiaxi Lin Hanxi Li Lingbo Wan Tao Wang department of Forensic Science School of Basic Medicine and Biological SciencesSuzhou Medicine College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina

Cholesterol is an important component of plasma membranes and participates in many basic life functions,such as the maintenance of cell membrane stability,the synthesis of steroid hormones,and *** plays a key role in the establishment and maintenance of the central nervous *** brain contains 20%of the whole body’s cholesterol,80%of which is located within myelin.A huge number of processes(e.g.,the sterol regulatory element-binding protein pathway and liver X receptor pathway)participate in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism in the brain via mechanisms that include cholesterol biosynthesis,intracellular transport,and *** brain injuries or diseases involving crosstalk among the processes above can affect normal cholesterol metabolism to induce detrimental ***,we hypothesized that cholesterol-related molecules and pathways can serve as therapeutic targets for central nervous system *** hemorrhage is the most severe hemorrhagic stroke subtype,with high mortality and *** cholesterol levels are associated with the risk of intracerebral ***,secondary pathological changes after intracerebral hemorrhage are associated with cholesterol metabolism dysregulation,such as neuroinflammation,demyelination,and multiple types of programmed cell *** cholesterol accumulation in the brain has been found after intracerebral *** this paper,we review normal cholesterol metabolism in the central nervous system,the mechanisms known to participate in the disturbance of cholesterol metabolism after intracerebral hemorrhage,and the links between cholesterol metabolism and cell *** also review several possible and constructive therapeutic targets identified based on cholesterol metabolism to provide cholesterol-based perspectives and a reference for those interested in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage.

关键词： cell death cholesterol metabolism intracerebral hemorrhage myelination therapeutic target

Maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for coproducing multiple chemicals

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： Byeongchan Ahn Sua Jo Jonggeol Na J.Jay Liu Young-Ju Kim Wangyun Won department of Chemical and biological Engineering Korea University department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated process) Kyung Hee University department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans University department of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University Resources Engineering Plant Research department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly focused on cellulose and hemicellulose restricts the economic and environmental feasibilities. To cope with this issue, we proposed an integrated process of co-producing 1,6-hexanediol（1,6-HDO） with tetrahydrofuran and adipic acid from biomass, referred to as Strategy A. To compare the impacts of lignin upgrading and feedstock, Strategy B, which co-produces tetrahydrofuran alone, and Strategy C, which is the traditional route to produce 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduce operating costs and indirect carbon emissions due to energy consumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and cooling requirements, respectively, in Strategy A. The market competitiveness of Strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling price through techno-economic analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impacts through both midpoint and endpoint life-cycle assessments（LCAs）.Strategy A was found to be the most favorable both economically（USRDSCHARDOLLAR3,402/ton） and environmentally（-26.9 kg CO2eq.）. This indicates that lignin valorization is not only economically but also environmentally preferred. Finally, changes in economic and environmental feasibilities depending on economic, process, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based chemical production.

关键词： Biorefinery Carbon mitigation Climate change Global warming Lignin utilization Bioeconomy