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Decoding molecular mechanisms:brain aging and Alzheimer's disease

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2279-2299页

作者： Mahnoor Hayat Rafay Ali Syed Hammad Qaiser Mohammad Uzair Khalid Al-Regaiey Roaa Khallaf Lubna Abdullah Mohammed Albassam Imdad Kaleem Xueyi Wang Ran Wang Mehwish SBhatti Shahid Bashir Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences(ASAB) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)IslamabadPakistan department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Basic&Applied SciencesInternational Islamic University Islamabad(IIUI)IslamabadPakistan department of bioengineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahranSaudi Arabia department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia department of Neurology Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia department of Mental Health Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia department of Biosciences Commission on Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in the South(COMSATS University)IslamabadPakistan department of Psychiatry The First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Neuroscience Center King Fahad Specialist Hospital DammamDammamSaudi Arabia

The complex morphological,anatomical,physiological,and chemical mechanisms within the aging brain have been the hot topic of research for *** aging process alters the brain structure that affects functions and cognitions,but the worsening of such processes contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's *** these observable,mild morphological shifts,significant functional modifications in neurotransmission and neuronal activity critically influence the aging *** these changes is important for maintaining cognitive health,especially given the increasing prevalence of age-related conditions that affect *** review aims to explore the age-induced changes in brain plasticity and molecular processes,differentiating normal aging from the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease,thereby providing insights into predicting the risk of dementia,particularly Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease brain aging cognitive health dementia molecular mechanisms neuronal activity neuroplasticity neurotransmission

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Unleashing the Potential of Electroactive Hybrid Biomaterials and Self‑Powered Systems for Bone Therapeutics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 463-497页

作者： Shichang Liu Farid Manshaii Jinmiao Chen Xinfei Wang Shaolei Wang Junyi Yin Ming Yang Xuxu Chen Xinhua Yin Yunlei Zhou Honghui Hospital Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710018People’s Republic of China department of bioengineering Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied ScienceUniversity of California Los AngelesLos Angeles 90095USA Hangzhou Institute of Technology Xidian UniversityHangzhou 311231People’s Republic of China

The incidence of large bone defects caused by traumatic injury is increasing worldwide,and the tissue regeneration process requires a long recovery time due to limited self-healing *** bioelectrical phenomena have been well recognized as critical biophysical factors in bone remodeling and *** by bioelectricity,electrical stimulation has been widely considered an external intervention to induce the osteogenic lineage of cells and enhance the synthesis of the extracellular matrix,thereby accelerating bone *** ongoing advances in biomaterials and energy-harvesting techniques,electroactive biomaterials and self-powered systems have been considered biomimetic approaches to ensure functional recovery by recapitulating the natural electrophysiological microenvironment of healthy bone *** this review,we first introduce the role of bioelectricity and the endogenous electric field in bone tissue and summarize different techniques to electrically stimulate cells and ***,we highlight the latest progress in exploring electroactive hybrid biomaterials as well as self-powered systems such as triboelectric and piezoelectric-based nanogenerators and photovoltaic cell-based devices and their implementation in bone tissue ***,we emphasize the significance of simulating the target tissue’s electrophysiological microenvironment and propose the opportunities and challenges faced by electroactive hybrid biomaterials and self-powered bioelectronics for bone repair strategies.

关键词： Electroactive biomaterials Self-powered bioelectronics Bone regeneration Bone tissue

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NHC-mediated photocatalytic para-selective C–H acylation of aryl alcohols: regioselectivity control via remote radical spiro cyclization

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Tinglei Zhang Lala Wang Xiaolin Peng Tianhui Liao Dongmei Chen Ting Tu Donghan Liu Ziye Cheng Shiqing Huang Shi-Chao Ren Xinglong Zhang Yonggui Robin Chi State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education Guizhou University Qiannan Medical College for Nationalities School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research

Friedel-Crafts reaction and transition-metal catalysis represent primary methodologies for arene acylation; however, suffer from certain limitations, such as electronic effect-dependent reactivity, regioselectivity issues, the necessity of directing group, and relatively exceptionally limited exploration in meta-and para-acylations. N-heterocyclic carbene(NHC) catalysis has recently emerged as a promising alternative strategy for arene acylation, offering distinct regioselectivity profiles that are challenging to achieve through known methods. Herein, an NHC-mediated photo-catalytic para-selective C–H acylation of aryl alcohols is disclosed. The reaction employs a remote radical-induced temporary spiro cyclization strategy, proceeding via tandem radical dearomatization, radical acylation, rearomatization processes. Combined experimental and computational mechanistic studies support the proposed reaction pathway and observe an exclusive para-selectivity regardless of the nature of the substituents on the substrates. Despite the less satisfactory yields, the current method exhibits non-electronic nature-based reactivity and regioselectivity, enabling quick access to acylated arenes that are difficult or impossible for reported methods.

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Augmented Reality Based Navigation System for Endoscopic Transnasal Optic Canal Decompression

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2025年第1期30卷 34-42页

作者： FU Hang XU Jiangchang LI Yinwei ZHOU Huifang CHEN Xiaojun Institute of Biomedical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering State Key Laboratory System and VibrationSchool of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China Institute of Medical robotics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology Shanghai 200011China

Endoscopic transnasal optic nerve decompression surgery plays a crucial role in minimal invasive treatment of complex traumatic optic ***,a major challenge faced during the procedure is the inability to visualize the optic nerve *** address this issue,an endoscopic image-based augmented reality surgical navigation system is developed in this *** system aims to virtually fuse the optic nerve onto the endoscopic images,assisting surgeons in determining the optic nerve’s position and reducing surgical ***,a calibration algorithm based on a checkerboard grid of immobile points is proposed,building upon existing calibration ***,to tackle accuracy issues associated with augmented reality technology,an optical navigation and visual fusion compensation algorithm is proposed to improve the intraoperative tracking *** evaluate the system’s performance,model experiments were meticulously designed and *** results confirm the accuracy and stability of the proposed system,with an average tracking error of(0.99±0.46)*** outcome demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in improving the augmented reality surgical navigation system’s ***,the system successfully displays hidden optic nerves and other deep tissues,thus showcasing the promising potential for future applications in orbital and maxillofacial surgery.

关键词： optic nerve decompression endoscopy augmented reality surgical navigation

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Modeling tactile perceived intensity for vibration from a coin eccentric rotating mass motor

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 125-135页

作者： Yun FANG Jingchen HUANG Yujun WU Jiaqi DONG Weichao GUO Xinjun SHENG State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Meta robotics Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Establishing the relationship between vibrotactile parameters and perceived intensity(PI)is of great significance in the regulation of desired sensations,which contribute to haptic interfaces in practical *** eccentric rotating mass(ERM)motors are routinely utilized due to their lightweight design and efficient ability to evoke strong tactile *** adjusting input voltages,ERMs can yield different stimuli,but the effects of their physical properties on PI remain ***,we developed the physical model of the ERM-skin system and optimized the parameters affecting ***,the relationship between stimulus and perception was derived based on Fechner's *** experiments were conducted on fifteen subjects(ten males and five females,aged 24.40±2.87 years)to identify the vibration parameters and corresponding PI to verify the proposed PI *** in this study were attached to phantom skin/forearm with slim adhesive tape to minimize the *** 1 performed vibration calibration with ERM attached to the skin phantom to simulate the actual ***,the relative and absolute PI of subjects on specific stimuli were acquired in Experiments 2 and *** fitting reliability of the proposed PI model was evaluated on fifteen subjects with R^(2) of 0.73±0.07 and root mean squared error(RMSE)of 1.35±***,the proposed PI model established the quantitative relationship between stimulus parameters(vibration parameters and physical parameters)and subjective PI,which provided theoretical support for ERM optimization and vibrotactile modulation.

关键词： coin ERM vibrotactile perceived intensity vibration

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Influence of different Fe sources and concentrations on formation of magnetosomes in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第6期18卷 1379-1385页

作者：刘文斌武海艳刘学端刘新星 department of bioengineering School of Minerals Processing and BioengineeringCentral South University

紧张 Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 的整个染色体被生物信息学分析，在 magnetotactic 细菌的功能的一些相当或相同的事物基因是可得到的。为了响应不同 Fe 来源和集中，获得 Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans 的 magnetos... 详细信息

紧张 Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 的整个染色体被生物信息学分析，在 magnetotactic 细菌的功能的一些相当或相同的事物基因是可得到的。为了响应不同 Fe 来源和集中，获得 Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans 的 magnetosomes 形成机制的进一步的知识，时间的基因表示 mpsA 介绍， magA， mamB 并且你被使用实时量的反向的 transcription-PCR 检验。magnetosomes 和 magnetotaxis 的微生物引起的形成也在不同 Fe2+ 集中下面被学习。结果显示 1622 ATCC 23270， 0276， 1124 和 2572 的 ORF 数字与 mpsA 是相应的，你，在 magnetotactic 细菌的 magA 和 mamB 基因。mpsA， magA 和 mamB 的表示层次是直接在 150200 点与铁的集中，和最高的表示有关铺平 mmol/L 铁被获得。在 ATCC 23270 和房间的 magnetotaxis 的 magnetosomes 的数字是显著地这三基因与表示有关铺平，建议这些基因在在 A 的 magnetosome 形成的过程期间与铁运输是相关的。ferrooxidans。

关键词：氧化亚铁生物技术 PCR 转录技术

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Image-based fall detection and classification of a user with a walking support system

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2018年第3期13卷 427-441页

作者： Sajjad TAGHVAEI Kazuhiro KOSUGE School of Mechanical Engineering Shiraz University Shiraz 71936- 16548 Iran department of bioengineering and robotics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8579 Japan

The classification of visual human action is important in the development of systems that interact with humans. This study investigates an image-based classifica- tion of the human state while using a walking support system to improve the safety and dependability of these systems. We categorize the possible human behavior while utilizing a walker robot into eight states （i.e., sitting, standing, walking, and five falling types）, and propose two different methods, namely, normal distribution and hidden Markov models （HMMs）, to detect and recognize these states. The visual feature for the state classification is the centroid position of the upper body, which is extracted from the user＇s depth images. The first method shows that the centroid position follows a normal distribution while walking, which can be adopted to detect any non-walking state. The second method implements HMMs to detect and recognize these states. We then measure and compare the performance of both methods. The classification results are employed to control the motion of a passive-type walker （called ＂RT Walker＂） by activating its brakes in nonwalking states. Thus, the system can be used for sit/stand support and fall prevention. The experiments are performed with four subjects, including an experienced physiotherapist. Results show that the algorithm can be adapted to the new user＇s motion pattern within 40 s, with a fall detection rate of 96.25% and state classification rate of 81.0%. The proposed method can be implemented to other abnormality detection/classification applications that employ depth image-sensing devices.

关键词： fall detection walking support hidden Markov model multivariate analysis

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Stretchable fiber strain sensors for wearable biomonitoring

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 70-71页

作者： Shumao Xu Xiao Xiao Jun Chen department of bioengineering University of California

Wearable bioelectronics have gained significant attention since they may play a role in transforming current healthcare from a reactive and disease-centric model to a personalized one with a focus on disease preventio... 详细信息

关键词： strain fiber biomonitoring sensors stretchable wearable

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Intelligent interaction system based on multimodal conformal triboelectric nanogenerator patch for disabled sports and life

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 290-305页

作者： Yuzhang WEN Mengqi ZHANG Zhenning XIE Zida AN Bing LIU Fengxin SUN Tianming ZHAO Zuojun YU Fei WANG Yupeng MAO Physical Education department Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Faculty of Robot Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China China Ice Sports College Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of robotics Shenyang Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Criminal Investigation Police University of China Shenyang 110035China

Intelligent interaction technology based on advanced sensing units has become a research *** this paper,an intelligent interaction system(IIS)based on a multimodal conformal triboelectric nanogenerator patch(MCTP)is reported for sports monitoring and life promotion of the *** IIS consists of a cloud-based smart sports recognition program and a smart life *** porous micro-reinforced structure of polyurethane(PU)Sponge&Ecoflex,and the surface modification of PTFE by coating it with MXene endows the MCTP with excellent electrical *** shows good angle and force sensitivities of 1.1 V/°and 1.61 V/N,respectively,and has an ultra-fast response time of 15 ms,meeting the needs of human motion *** MCTP can also capture the mechanical energy,producing a maximum output power of 139μ*** with the commercial inertial measuring unit(IMU),the MCTP shows better consistency in human joint angle sensing.A precise analysis of wheelchair curling sports monitoring points is achieved by combining the MCTP and the human anatomy *** cloud-based smart sports recognition program utilizes machine learning to achieve visual feedback on the three throwing technologies of draw,takeout and *** addition,the developed smart life application uses a highsensitivity MCTP-sensor array design to achieve a variety of smart home interactions through simple finger ***,the IIS integrates the three major functions of smart sports sensing,energy capture,and smart home control,providing important application prospects in the fields of smart sports and human-computer interaction for the disabled.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerator machine learning smart sports smart home human-computer interaction

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Application of extended DLVO theory in emulsion stability research

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2004年第3期14卷 582-586页

作者：刘晓荣邱冠周胡岳华杨俊和金鸣林 department of Materials School of Resource Processing and bioengineering

The extended DLVO theory was used to analyze the stability of emulsion stabilized by solid particles. It was emphasized that emulsion droplets covered by solid particles behaved as congener solid granules with the same diameter as droplets. The interaction potential energy curves between emulsion droplets stabilized by mica particles in the copper solvent extraction system were calculated. The results show that the effect of hydration repulsive forces are more powerful than that of electrostatic forces on stabilizing droplets for O/W emulsions. The energy barrier between droplets increases dramatically by about 7 × 103 kT when the hydration repulsion is considered.

关键词：扩展DLVO理论乳状液稳定性水合压力油包水型湿法冶金

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