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Unveiling ferroptosis as a promising therapeutic avenue for colorectal cancer and colitis treatment

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第9期14卷 3785-3801页

作者： Aaron T.Kaoy Christian V.Cabanlongy Kendra Padilla Xiang Xue department of biochemistry and molecular Biology University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA

Ferroptosis is a novel type of regulated cell death(RCD)involving iron accumulation and lipid *** its discovery in 2012,various studies have shown that ferroptosis is associated with the pathogenesis of various *** cell death has also been linked to intestinal dysfunction but can act as either a positive or negative regulator of intestinal disease,depending on the cell type and disease *** continued investigation of mechanisms underlying ferroptosis provides a wealth of potential for developing novel *** the growing prevalence of intestinal diseases,particularly colorectal cancer(CRC)and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),this review article focuses on potential therapeutics targeting the ferroptotic pathway in relation to CRC and IBD.

关键词： Ferroptosis Colorectal cancer Inflammatory bowel disease Cell death molecular mechanisms Iron metabolism Drug therapies Targeted therapeutics

Self-assembly of tau fragments as a key pathologic event in tauopathies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2565-2566页

作者： Ly Thi Huong Luu Le Jung Hoon Lee Min Jae Lee department of biochemistry and molecular Biology Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Tau protein is encoded by the microtubuleassociated protein tau(MAPT)gene and stabilizes microtubules in the *** has unique biophysical properties that make it both highly water-soluble and positively *** tau is an intrinsically disordered protein lacking defined secondary structures,it can acquire highly organized-sheet structures and stack into a filamentous inclusion such as a paired helical filament(PHF).

关键词： tau pathologic assembly

Increasing polymer scission rate by tying an overhand knot

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第11期67卷 3498-3499页

作者： Yuheng Hu Jennifer T.Ou Jim Y.Huang Yuanning Feng department of Chemistry and biochemistry The University of Oklahoma

Similar to the phenomenon of knotted ropes in life, knotted climbing ropes will reduce their strength due to knots. Although computer simulations [1], theoretical speculation[2,3], and intuition [3] suggest that similar processes may occur at the nanoscale, this hypothesis has not been experimentally proven before. With the increasing maturity of molecular recognition and self-assembly, a research communication by Leigh et al. [4] published in Nature Chemistry introduced a molecular overhand knot into a polymer to study its effect on the scission rate of the polymer chain under tension.

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Targeted nanopore sequencing for the identification of novel PRMT1 circRNAs unveils a diverse transcriptional profile of this gene in breast cancer cells

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 589-592页

作者： Maria Papatsirou Andreas Scorilas Diamantis C.Sideris Christos K.Kontos department of biochemistry and molecular Biology National and Kapodistrian University of AthensPanepistimiopolisAthens GR 15701Greece

Long-read sequencing with nanopore technology has been widely utilized for the identification of the full-length sequence of RNA molecules."It is especially suitable for the identification of circular RNAs(circRNAs),which are regulatory molecules that are regarded as promising non-invasive biomarkers for various human malignancies,including breast cancer.2 The impact of circRNAs derived from the protein arginine methyltransferase 1(PRMT1)gene has not been clarified yet,even though the effect of PRMT1-mediated methylation on breast cancer cell characteristics has been well established.

关键词： PRMT1 breast cancer

Development and maintenance of the ligular region of maize leaves

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molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1175-1177页

作者： Josh Strable Alejandro Aragon-Raygoza department of molecular and Structural biochemistry North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA

Roughly 1.2 billion tons of grain produced from maize(Zea mays)hybrids were harvested worldwide in 2022 on more than 200 million hectares(Food and Agricultural Organization statistics).Hybrid maize adapted to increased planting density,largely attributed to the upright angle of leaf blades,is a key factor for driving high grain yields over the last 50 years(Duvick et al.,2004).Leaf angle(LA)is a major breeding target for crop productivity due to its effects on canopy architecture,which impacts the amount of light intercepted by the leaf blade(Cao et al.,2022).

关键词： breeding planting maize

Wildfire severity alters soil microbial exoenzyme production and fungal abundances in the southern Appalachian Mountains

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Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 865-878页

作者： Megan L.SCHILL Richard BAIRD Shawn P.BROWN Allison M.VEACH department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at San Antonio biochemistry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pathology Department Mississippi State University department of Biological Sciences The University of Memphis

Climate change has increased drought frequency and duration that are exacerbated by increased temperatures globally. This effect has, and will continue,to increase fire occurrence across many regions of North America. In the southern Appalachian Mountains, wildfires with high burn severity occurred in 2016due to increased drought and human activity. To investigate the effects of burn severity on soil physicochemical properties, microbial extracellular enzyme production, and microbial abundances in a temperate region, surface soils (0–15 cm) were collected from two sites (the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in Tennessee and the Nantahala National Forest in North Carolina, USA) spanning lightly, moderately, and severely burned areas, accompanied by adjacent unburned locations that act as controls. The soil samples were collected at three time points between 2017 and 2019 (i.e., 0.5, 1, and 2.5 years post-fire)among burn severity plots. Total hydrolytic enzyme production varied over time, with severe burn plots having significantly lower enzyme production at 2.5years post-fire. Individual enzymes varied among burn severities and across time post-fire. Light burn plots showed greater carbon-specific (β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase) and phosphorus-specific (acid phosphatase) enzyme activities at 0.5 years post-fire, but this effect was transient. At 2.5 years post-fire, theβ-xylosidase and acid phosphatase activities were lower in severe or moderate burn plots relative to the controls. In contrast, the activity of nitrogen-specific enzyme leucyl aminopeptidase was the lowest in severe burn plots at 0.5 years post-fire, but was the lowest in light burn plots at 2.5 years post-fire. The fungi:bacteria ratio declined with burn severity, indicating that fungi are sensitive or less resilient to high burn severity during recovery. These results suggest that wildfires alter trajectories for soil microbial structure and function within a 2.5-year timeframe, which potentially

关键词： 16S carbon ITS nitrogen phosphorous

Anticancer Activity of Rice Callus Suspension Cultures from Aromatic Varieties and Metabolites Regulated in Treated Cancer Cell Lines

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Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 449-462,I0027-I0030页

作者： Anuradha KUMARI Wusirika RAMAKRISHNA department of biochemistry Central University of PunjabPunjab 151401India

Tissue culture techniques were used to produce large amounts of bioactive compounds with medicinal potential, overcoming space and time constraints for cancer prevention. Rice callus suspension cultures(RCSC) and seed extracts prepared from aromatic rice varieties were used to evaluate the cytotoxic impact on human colon and lung cancer cell lines, as well as a normal control cell line, using Taxol as a positive control. RCSC and seed extracts from two Indian aromatic rice varieties were applied at different concentrations to treat the cancer cell lines and normal lung fibroblasts over varying time intervals. Apoptosis was assessed in 1:5 dilutions of the A549 and HT-29 cell lines treated with RCSC for 72 h, using propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. RCSC showed a more potent cytotoxic effect than seed extracts with minimal effect on the normal cell line, in contrast to Taxol. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry further confirmed the apoptotic effect of RCSC. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolic profiling identified metabolites involved in cytotoxicity and highlighted altered pathways. RCSC is proposed as an alternative source for the development of novel anticancer drugs with reduced side effects.

关键词： anticancer cytotoxicity metabolite profiling plant tissue culture rice callus suspension culture secondary metabolite

SCFD1 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:reconciling a genetic association with in vivo functional analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1201-1202页

作者： Ruben J.Cauchi Centre for molecular Medicine and Biobanking Biomedical Sciences BuildingDepartment of Physiology and BiochemistryFaculty of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of MaltaMsidaMalta

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of upper and lower motor neurons,resulting in muscle weakness and spasticity,eventually leading to death due to respiratory *** by our group of a casecontrol cohort from an isolated island population have found that genetics plays a significant role in disease etiology(Farrugia Wismayer et al.,2023).

关键词： sclerosis respiratory

BFP1:One of 700 Arabidopsis F-box proteins mediates degradation of JA oxidases to promote plant immunity

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molecular Plant 2024年第3期17卷 375-376页

作者： Claus Wasternack Bettina Hause department of molecular Signal Processing Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry7 Weinberg 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany department of Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry06120 Halle(Saale)Germany

A switch off in jasmonate(JA)signaling by hydroxylation upon wounding was described in 2008(Miersch et al.,2008).This initiated the cloning of CYP450 enzymes involved in hydroxylation and carboxylation of JA and its amino acid conjugate JA-le,the most active form of JA compounds(reviewed by Wasternack and Feussner[2018]and Heitz et al.[2019]).Due to the central role of JA and JA-lle in plant stress responses and development(Wasternack and Hause,2013),catabolism of JA and its derivatives is an essential component in the sustainment of homeostasis of active JA compounds(Howe et al.,2018;Heitz et al.,2019).Catabolism of JA and JAIle takes place by JA-induced oxygenases(JOXs),also named JA-oxidases(JAOs),and by hydroxylation(CYP94B3/B1)followed by carboxylation(CYP94C1),respectively(Heitz et al.,2019).Another reaction performed by IAR3/ILL6 results in the deconjugation of JA-lle and 12-OH-JA-le to JA and 12-OH-JA,respectively(Heitz et al.,2019;Wasternack and Feussner,2018).

关键词： conjugate initiated media